Evolution and genetic adaptation of fishes to the deep sea.

The deep sea, especially hadal zones, characterized by high-hydrostatic pressure, low temperatures, and near-total darkness, present some of the most challenging environments for life on Earth. However, teleost fish have successfully colonized these extreme habitats through complex adaptations. We generated genome assemblies of 12 species, including 11 deep-sea fishes.

Aberrant activation of chromosome asynapsis checkpoint triggers oocyte elimination.

Chromosome synapsis is an evolutionarily conserved process essential for meiotic recombination. HORMAD1 and HORMAD2, which monitor chromosome asynapsis by localizing to unsynapsed chromosome axes, are removed from synapsed chromosome axes by TRIP13, though the biological significance of this process remains unclear. We show that when HORMAD1 and HORMAD2 are retained on synapsed chromosome axes, they recruit BRCA1, activate chromosome asynapsis checkpoint, and trigger oocyte elimination.

Multi-omics analysis identifies UBA family as potential pan-cancer biomarkers for tumor prognosis and immune microenvironment infiltration.

Background: UBA1 and UBA6 are classic ubiquitin-activating E1 enzymes, which participate in the ubiquitination degradation of intracellular proteins and are closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases and tumors. However, at present, comprehensive analysis has not been used to study the role of UBA family in cancers.

Methods: We extracted the relevant data of cancer patients from the TCGA database and studied the relationship between the expression patterns of UBA family and the survival rate, and stage of patients in pan-cancer, especially breast cancer (BRCA), colorectal cancer (COAD), renal cancer (KIRC) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Upconversion/Downshifting Luminescence Ratio Sensor: Single Nanocomposite for Multiple Antibiotic Detection.

Antibiotics are widely used in treating animal and human diseases; thus, the trace detection of antibiotics is crucial and challenging. Currently, the sensors used for antibiotic detection are generally responsive only to a single type of antibiotic. Herein, we designed and prepared a luminescence ratio nanocomposite (UCN-ATPA-Eu), in which the 2-Aminoterephthalic acid (ATPA) was used to functionalize upconversion nanoparticles (UCN), and the Eu ion was coordinated at the periphery.

Multi-level Fusion of FDG PET and MRI for Automated Epileptic Lesion Detection.

Accurate localization of the epileptic lesion is crucial for surgical management of patients with epilepsy. However, detection rate of epileptic lesion with routine MRI imaging is limited. This study aims to investigate whether image-level and feature-level fusion of [F]FDG PET and MR images using radiomics features would improve the detection of epileptic lesion.

Generation of cross-reactive DNA aptamers to construct the fluorescent sensing array for identifying the origin of Toad Venom.

Toad venom, a traditional Chinese medicine, has long been used to treat various challenging ailments. Its effectiveness and toxicity can vary depending on the types and concentrations of bufadienolides, which vary from region to region. However, identifying the origin of toad venom is challenging due to the absence of distinct visual characteristics of the original animals.

Dynamics and driving mechanisms of soil organic carbon sequestration in grasslands after grazing exclusion: A review.

Grazing exclusion is the most effective measure to restore the structure and function of degraded grasslands, and plays a crucial role in increasing ecosystem carbon (C) sequestration capacity. The dynamics and dri-ving mechanisms of soil organic carbon (SOC) after grazing exclusion have attracted great concerns, especially in the context of global change. By reviewing the current research on the SOC sequestration dynamics and its driving mechanisms after grazing exclusion, we aimed to clarify the SOC sequestration dynamics, explore the influencing mechanisms of plant C input and microbial community on SOC, analyze the driving mechanisms of photosynthetic C input and litter decomposition on SOC sequestration, and explore the contribution of plant and microbial necromass C to SOC sequestration after grazing exclusion.

A Label-Free Colorimetric Aptasensor for Flavokavain B Detection.

Flavokavain B (FKB), a hepatotoxic chalcone from (kava), has raised safety concerns due to its role in disrupting redox homeostasis and inducing apoptosis in hepatocytes. Conventional chromatographic methods for FKB detection, while sensitive, are costly and impractical for field applications. In this work, DNA aptamers were selected using the library-immobilized method and high-throughput sequencing.

Fusion of FDG and FMZ PET Reduces False Positive in Predicting Epileptogenic Zone.

Background And Purpose: Epilepsy, a globally prevalent neurological disorder, necessitates precise identification of the epileptogenic zone (EZ) for effective surgical management. While the individual utilities of FDG PET and FMZ PET have been demonstrated, their combined efficacy in localizing the epileptogenic zone remains underexplored. We aim to improve the non-invasive prediction of epileptogenic zone (EZ) in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) by combining FDG PET and FMZ PET with statistical feature extraction and machine learning.

A transcriptome-based risk model in sepsis enables prognostic prediction and drug repositioning.

Septic management presented a tremendous challenge due to heterogeneous host responses. We aimed to develop a risk model for early septic stratification based on transcriptomic signature. Here, we combined genes OLAH, LY96, HPGD, and ABLIM1 into a prognostic risk score model, which demonstrated exceptional performance in septic diagnosis (AUC = 0.

Dose prediction of CyberKnife Monte Carlo plan for lung cancer patients based on deep learning: robust learning of variable beam configurations.

Background: Accurate calculation of lung cancer dose using the Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm in CyberKnife (CK) is essential for precise planning. We aim to employ deep learning to directly predict the 3D dose distribution calculated by the MC algorithm, enabling rapid and accurate automatic planning. However, most current methods solely focus on conventional intensity-modulated radiation therapy and assume a consistent beam configuration across all patients.

Cu-doped CdZnS nanocrystals: a leap forward in selective photocatalytic CO reduction to methane.

Our research has demonstrated a significant correlation between the Cu doping concentration in CdZnS and its photocatalytic performance, with CZS-2 exhibiting a 15-fold increase in methane (CH) production rate compared to pristine CZS, reaching a peak value of 519.2 μL g h. Moreover, CZS-2 demonstrates an unprecedented CH selectivity of 85.

Responses of plant and microbial C:N:P stoichiometry to livestock removal.

Livestock removal (LR) is considered an effective strategy for recovering ecosystem functions in degraded grasslands. Carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P), as well as their ratios in plants and microorganisms, act as key regulators of ecosystem stability and nutrient limitation during grassland succession. However, few studies have comprehensively evaluated plant and microbial nutrient limitations through C:N:P stoichiometry following LR over different durations.

Identification of key differentially methylated genes regulating muscle development in chickens: insights from Jingyuan breed.

Skeletal muscle development is a complex, regulated physiological process that involves myoblast proliferation and differentiation and the fusion of myotubes. In this study, phenotypic differences in the breast and leg muscles of 180-day-old Jingyuan chickens were investigated. Differentially methylated genes (DMG) that regulate muscle development were identified through differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis.

Ultrasonic spraying quercetin chitosan nonwovens with antibacterial and deodorizing properties for sanitary napkin.

With economic and social development, there is a growing focus on menstrual hygiene, and traditional sanitary napkins are no longer sufficient to meet women's needs. In this study, quercetin (QC) was efficiently and uniformly ultrasonic sprayed on thermally bonded chitosan nonwovens (CS) to prepare a multifunctional surface layer of sanitary napkins (QC@CS). CS sprayed with 3 layers of QC (QC@CS) exhibits excellent mechanical properties and high antibacterial rates against Escherichia coli (99.

Heterogeneity of SARS-CoV-2 immune responses after the nationwide Omicron wave in China.

It remains unclear how previous infections and vaccinations influenced and shaped heterogeneous immune responses against Omicron and its variants in diverse populations in China. After the national wave of Omicron in early 2023, we evaluated serum levels of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against Omicron (B.1.

ALOX5 induces EMT and promotes cell metastasis via the LTB4/BLT2/PI3K/AKT pathway in ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancer represents the most lethal gynecological malignancy with high invasiveness. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a critical role in cancer metastasis. However, the role of ALOX5 in EMT and cancer metastasis in ovarian cancer (OC) remain unclear.

Improving Hand Gesture Recognition Robustness to Dynamic Posture Variations by Multimodal Deep Feature Fusion.

Surface electromyography (sEMG), a human-machine interface for gesture recognition, has shown promising potential for decoding motor intentions, but a variety of nonideal factors restrict its practical application in assistive robots. In this paper, we summarized the current mainstream gesture recognition strategies and proposed a gesture recognition method based on multimodal canonical correlation analysis feature fusion classification (MCAFC) for a nonideal condition that occurs in daily life, i.e.

Improving Ocean Management Using Insights from Space.

Advancements in space-based ocean observation and computational data processing techniques have demonstrated transformative value for managing living resources, biodiversity, and ecosystems of the ocean. We synthesize advancements in leveraging satellite-derived insights to better understand and manage fishing, an emerging revolution of marine industrialization, ocean hazards, sea surface dynamics, benthic ecosystems, wildlife via electronic tracking, and direct observations of ocean megafauna. We consider how diverse space-based data sources can be better coupled to modernize and improve ocean management.

A multifunctional gingival retraction cord with antibacterial and hemostasis properties based on Chitosan/Propolis/Tranexamic acid for dental treatment.

A novel gingival retraction cord named P/TA@CSy was prepared using chitosan yarns (CSy) loaded with tranexamic acid (TA) and Propolis (P). P/TA@CSy has good toughness with a breaking strength of 41.3 Pa, benefiting from the twisting structure and Propolis coating.

CENPF May Act as a Novel Marker and Highlight the Influence of Pericyte in Infantile Hemangioma.

Infantile hemangioma (IH), a benign microvascular tumor, is marked by early and extensive proliferation of immature hemangioma endothelial cells (Hem-ECs) that naturally regress through differentiation into fibroblasts or adipocytes. However, a challenge persists, as the unique biological behavior of IH remains elusive, despite its general sensitivity to propranolol treatment. Recent evidence suggests that abnormal volume proliferation in IH is primarily attributed to the accumulation of hemangioma pericytes (Hem-Pericytes), in addition to Hem-ECs.