Association between olfactory loss and cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the cognitive deficits and olfaction in PD patients.

Patients And Methods: In all, 42 PD patients and 38 controls were selected. All the individuals in both groups underwent cognitive assessment with the SCOPA-Cog neuropsychological battery and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and olfactory assessment with the Sniffin' Sticks Screening 12 Test.

Differentiating Between Apathy and Depression in Patients With Parkinson Disease Dementia.

In Parkinson disease (PD), apathy and depression often overlap, making it difficult to differentiate between them. This study sought to analyze apathy and depression in patients with PD dementia (PDD). Forty patients were diagnosed with PDD using the Movement Disorder Society criteria.

The perception of apathy by caregivers of patients with dementia in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Apathy is one of the main neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and is associated with Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD).

Objective: To identify the characteristics of apathy in individuals with PDD according to caregiver perception.

Methods: Thirty-nine patients with PD according to MDS criteria for PDD were included.