Effect of Frost on the Different Metabolites of Two Mulberry ( L. and L.) Leaves.

Mulberry leaves are a well-known traditional Chinese medicine herb, and it has been observed since ancient times that leaves collected after frost have superior medicinal properties. Therefore, understanding the changes in critical metabolic components of mulberry leaves, specifically L., is essential.

OpticalBERT and OpticalTable-SQA: Text- and Table-Based Language Models for the Optical-Materials Domain.

Text mining in the optical-materials domain is becoming increasingly important as the number of scientific publications in this area grows rapidly. Language models such as Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) have opened up a new era and brought a significant boost to state-of-the-art natural-language-processing (NLP) tasks. In this paper, we present two "materials-aware" text-based language models for optical research, OpticalBERT and OpticalPureBERT, which are trained on a large corpus of scientific literature in the optical-materials domain.

Efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa injection replacing epoetin alfa injection for the treatment of renal anemia in Chinese hemodialysis patients: A randomized, open-label, parallel-group, noninferiority phase III trial.

Background: This study was to explore the clinical efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa injection replacing epoetin alfa injection (recombinant human erythropoietin injection, rHuEPO) for the treatment of anemia associated with chronic kidney failure in Chinese patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Method: This study was a multicenter, randomized, open-label, intergroup parallel control phase III noninferiority trial from April 19, 2013 to September 9, 2014 at 25 sites. In this study, the members of the darbepoetin alfa group underwent intravenous administration once per week or once every two weeks.

Darbepoetin alfa injection versus epoetin alfa injection for treating anemia of Chinese hemodialysis patients with chronic kidney failure: A randomized, open-label, parallel-group, non-inferiority Phase III trail.

Background: Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein that mainly regulates erythropoiesis. In patients with chronic renal failure with anemia, darbepoetin alfa can stimulate erythropoiesis, correct anemia, and maintain hemoglobin levels. This study was designed to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa injections as being not inferior to epoetin alfa injections (Recombinant Human Erythropoietin injection, rHuEPO) when maintaining hemoglobin (Hb) levels within the target range (10.

Reconstructing Chromatic-Dispersion Relations and Predicting Refractive Indices Using Text Mining and Machine Learning.

Predicting the properties of materials prior to their synthesis is of great significance in materials science. Optical materials exhibit a large number of interesting properties that make them useful in a wide range of applications, including optical glasses, optical fibers, and laser optics. In all of these applications, refraction and its chromatic dispersion can directly reflect the characteristics of the transmitted light and determine the practical utility of the material.

A database of refractive indices and dielectric constants auto-generated using ChemDataExtractor.

The ability to auto-generate databases of optical properties holds great potential for advancing optical research, especially with regards to the data-driven discovery of optical materials. An optical property database of refractive indices and dielectric constants is presented, which comprises a total of 49,076 refractive index and 60,804 dielectric constant data records on 11,054 unique chemicals. The database was auto-generated using the state-of-the-art natural language processing software, ChemDataExtractor, using a corpus of 388,461 scientific papers.

Safety, Effectiveness, and Manipulability of Peritoneal Dialysis Machines Made in China: A Randomized, Crossover, Multicenter Clinical Study.

Background: Automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) can cater to individual needs, provide treatment while asleep, take into account the adequacy of dialysis, and improve the quality of life. Currently, independent research and development of APD machines made in China are more conducive to patients. A randomized, multicenter, crossover study was conducted by comparing an APD machine made in China with an imported machine.

Proteomics investigation of the changes in serum proteins after high- and low-flux hemodialysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to use proteomics methods to investigate the changes in serum protein levels after high- and low-flux hemodialysis (HD).

Methods: Before and after HD, serum samples were obtained from two selected patients who were treated with a Polyflux 140 H high-flux dialyzer and a Polyflux 14 L low-flux dialyzer during two continuous therapy sessions. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was performed to identify the proteins.

Thiazole Imide-Based All-Acceptor Homopolymer: Achieving High-Performance Unipolar Electron Transport in Organic Thin-Film Transistors.

High-performance unipolar n-type polymer semiconductors are critical for advancing the field of organic electronics, which relies on the design and synthesis of new electron-deficient building blocks with good solubilizing capability, favorable geometry, and optimized electrical properties. Herein, two novel imide-functionalized thiazoles, 5,5'-bithiazole-4,4'-dicarboxyimide (BTzI) and 2,2'-bithiazolothienyl-4,4',10,10'-tetracarboxydiimide (DTzTI), are successfully synthesized. Single crystal analysis and physicochemical study reveal that DTzTI is an excellent building block for constructing all-acceptor homopolymers, and the resulting polymer poly(2,2'-bithiazolothienyl-4,4',10,10'-tetracarboxydiimide) (PDTzTI) exhibits unipolar n-type transport with a remarkable electron mobility (μ ) of 1.

Proteomic study provides new clues for complications of hemodialysis caused by dialysis membrane.

The complications of hemodialysis accompanied the hemodialysis and threaten the patients' life. Besides the loss of nutrient substance, such as amino acid and vitamin, we found new clues that the adsorbed proteins on common-used polysulfone-based dialysis membrane might be the reason according to the qualitative proteomic study by ionic liquid assisted sample preparation method. Our results indicated that the adsorbed proteins on the membrane were related with complement activation, blood coagulation, and leukocyte-related biological process.

Proteomics Investigations into Serum Proteins Adsorbed by High-Flux and Low-Flux Dialysis Membranes.

Hemodialysis is one of the most important therapies for patients with uremia, and the dialysis membrane is the predominant factor that impacts the efficiency of dialysis. Here, a protein adsorption on two different membranes is investigated to provide a basis for improving dialysis materials. Two cases treated with the Polyflux 14L low-flux dialyzer and the Polyflux 140H high-flux dialyzers during two continuous therapies are selected.

Adipokine zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein as a novel urinary biomarker presents earlier than microalbuminuria in diabetic nephropathy.

Objective: To investigate the role of zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein (ZAG) in the early stage of diabetic nephropathy, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study recruited patients with longstanding T2DM and healthy control subjects. Patients with T2DM were further stratified based on their urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Efficacy and safety of Abelmoschus manihot for primary glomerular disease: a prospective, multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Abelmoschus manihot, a single medicament of traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used to treat kidney disease. This is the first randomized controlled clinical trial to assess its efficacy and safety in patients with primary glomerular disease.

Study Design: Prospective, open-label, multicenter, randomized, controlled, clinical trial.

Antitumor activity of FL118, a survivin, Mcl-1, XIAP, and cIAP2 selective inhibitor, is highly dependent on its primary structure and steric configuration.

We recently reported the identification and characterization of a novel small chemical molecule designated FL118. FL118 selectively inhibits multiple cancer survival and proliferation-associated antiapoptotic proteins (survivin, Mcl-1, XIAP, cIAP2) and eliminates small and large human tumor xenografts in animal models (Ling et al., PLoS One 2012, 7, e45571).

Efficacy and safety of Changfu peritoneal dialysis solution: a multi-center prospective randomized controlled trial.

Background: A multi-center large scale study is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of domestic peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions. Some researchers believe that 6 L/d is enough for adequate dialysis, but there is no multi-center prospective study on Chinese population to confirm this. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of domestic PD solution (Changfu) and its difference between 6 L and 8 L dosage.

Design, synthesis and DNA interaction study of new potential DNA bis-intercalators based on glucuronic acid.

A series of novel potential DNA bis-intercalators were designed and synthesized, in which two glucuronic acids were linked by ethylenediamine, and the glucuronic acid was coupled with various chromophores, including quinoline, acridine, indole and purine, at the C-1 position. The preliminary binding properties of these compounds to calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) have been investigated by UV-absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results indicated that all the target compounds can interact with CT-DNA, and the acridine derivative, 3b, showed the highest key selection vector (KSV) value, which suggested that compound 3b binds most strongly to CT-DNA.

Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients.

Background: Data on the epidemiology of hypertension in Chinese non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are limited. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the non-dialysis CKD patients through a nationwide, multicenter study in China.

Methods: The survey was performed in 61 tertiary hospitals in 31 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China (except Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan).

The clinical significance and risk factors of anti-platelet factor 4/heparin antibody on maintenance hemodialysis patients: a two-year prospective follow-up.

Background: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is an immune response mediated by anti-PF4/heparin antibody, which is clinically characterized by thrombocytopenia and thromboembolic events. In this study, a prospective and multi-center clinical investigation 1) determined the positive rate of anti-PF4/heparin antibody in maintenance hemodialysis patients in China, 2) identified the related risk factors, and 3) further explored the effect of the anti-PF4/heparin antibody on bleeding, thromboembolic events, and risk of death in the patients.

Methods: The serum anti-PF4/heparin antibody was measured in 661 patients from nine hemodialysis centers, detected by IgG-specific ELISA and followed by confirmation with excess heparin.

Metabolic profiling and cytochrome P450 reaction phenotyping of medroxyprogesterone acetate.

Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is one of the most frequently prescribed progestins for conception, hormone replacement therapy, and adjuvant endocrine therapy. MPA has a low oral bioavailability because of extensive metabolism; however, its metabolism was poorly documented. This study was intended to profile the phase I metabolites of MPA and the cytochrome P450 (P450) isoforms involved.

Purification of human tissue prokallikrein excreted from insect cells by liquid chromatography.

Tissue kallikrein, generally existing in living bodies as prokallikrein, is a serine proteinase that has proven of great significance to treat hypertension, cardiopathy and nephropathy. Although the extraction of tissue kallikrein from human urine is the most commonly used method to obtain such a protein, not only the yield is very little, but also the procedure is rather complex. Furthermore, the biological safety is uncertain.