Radiosurgery versus observation for brainstem cavernous malformations: a 5-year multicentre cohort study.

The role of radiosurgery in preventing haemorrhage in brainstem cavernous malformations remains a subject of debate. This study aims to evaluate whether radiosurgery provides a protective benefit against haemorrhage in these patients. This multicentre, prospective observational study was conducted in 17 centres and enrolled eligible patients with brainstem cavernous malformations consecutively.

Evaluation of MRI post-processing methods combined with PET in detecting focal cortical dysplasia lesions for patients with MRI-negative epilepsy.

Objective: Accurate detection of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a pivotal role in the preoperative assessment of epilepsy. The integration of multimodal imaging has demonstrated substantial value in both diagnosing FCD and devising effective surgical strategies. This study aimed to enhance MRI post-processing by incorporating positron emission tomography (PET) analysis.

Development of an online calculator for the prediction of seizure freedom following pediatric hemispherectomy using the Hemispherectomy Outcome Prediction Scale (HOPS).

Objectives: Although hemispheric surgeries are among the most effective procedures for drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) in the pediatric population, there is a large variability in seizure outcomes at the group level. A recently developed HOPS score provides individualized estimation of likelihood of seizure freedom to complement clinical judgement. The objective of this study was to develop a freely accessible online calculator that accurately predicts the probability of seizure freedom for any patient at 1-, 2-, and 5-years post-hemispherectomy.

Preoperative Heart Rate Variability During Sleep Predicts Vagus Nerve Stimulation Outcome Better in Patients With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy.

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an adjunctive and well-established treatment for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). However, it is still difficult to identify patients who may benefit from VNS surgery. Our study aims to propose a VNS outcome prediction model based on machine learning with multidimensional preoperative heart rate variability (HRV) indices.

Analysis of surgical strategies for children with epileptic spasms.

To investigate surgical prognostic factors in order to establish a surgical plan for children with drug-resistant epileptic spasms. We retrospectively analysed 64 children with drug-resistant spasms who were operated on in Beijing; the electroclinical features, surgical procedures, and surgical outcomes of these children were discussed in detail. We divided the seizure-free patients into several groups according to imaging, aetiology, and application of stereo-electroencephalography in order to investigate the extent of the various influencing factors.

Electroclinical features of lateral and medial orbitofrontal epilepsy: a case series.

To better understand the electroclinical features and epileptic network of lateral and medial orbitofrontal epilepsy (OFE). We evaluated four patients who had undergone epilepsy surgery. Epileptic foci in two patients originated from the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, and those in the other two originated from the medial orbitofrontal cortex, which was confirmed by stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG).

Semiologic subgroups of insulo-opercular seizures based on connectional architecture atlas.

Objective: Insulo-opercular seizures are characterized by diverse semiology, related to the insula's multiple functional roles and extensive connectivity. We aimed to identify semiologic subgroups and correlate these with insulo-opercular subregions based on connectional architecture.

Methods: We retrospectively collected a large series of 37 patients with insulo-opercular seizures explored by stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) from three epilepsy centers.

and Gene Mutations in Chinese Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Patients Clinically Characterized by Epilepsy.

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a multisystem disease. Variants in the and genes have been reported to be associated with TSC and are considered pathogenic. The purpose of this study was to determine the genetic mutations and expression patterns of and in 21 Chinese patients suffering from TSC who were clinically characterized by epilepsy.

Deceleration and acceleration capacities of heart rate in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.

Objective: Epilepsy and seizures can have dramatic effects on cardiac function. The aim of the present study was to investigate deceleration capacity, acceleration capacity and their 24-h fluctuations of heart rate variability in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.

Methods: Deceleration capacity, acceleration capacity of heart rate and their 24-h dynamics derived from the phase rectified signal averaging method as well as traditional measures were analyzed in 39 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy and 33 healthy control subjects using 24-h electrocardiogram recordings.

Distinctive epileptogenic networks for parietal operculum seizures.

Objective: The present study investigated the electroclinical features and epileptogenic networks of parietal operculum seizures (POS) by using stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) intracerebral recordings.

Methods: Comprehensive presurgical evaluation data of seven patients with drug-resistant epilepsy with POS were analyzed retrospectively. Stereoelectroencephalography-recorded seizures were processed visually and quantitatively by using epileptogenicity mapping (EM), which has been proposed to ergonomically quantify the epileptogenicity of brain structures with a neuroimaging approach.

Preoperative Heart Rate Variability as Predictors of Vagus Nerve Stimulation Outcome in Patients with Drug-resistant Epilepsy.

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an adjunctive treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). However, it is still difficult to predict which patients will respond to VNS treatment and to what extent. We aim to explore the relationship between preoperative heart rate variability (HRV) and VNS outcome.

Impairment of heart rhythm complexity in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy: An assessment with multiscale entropy analysis.

Objective: Epilepsy and seizures can have dramatic effects on the cardiac function. The aim of this study was to investigate the heart rhythm complexity in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE).

Methods: Ambulatory 24-h electrocardiograms (ECG) from 70 DRE patients and 50 healthy control subjects were analyzed using conventional heart rate variability (HRV) and multiscale entropy (MSE) methods The variation of complexity indices (CI), which was calculated from MSE profile, was determined.

Early occipital injury affects numerosity counting but not simple arithmetic.

This study investigated the effects of early occipital injury on the development of counting and simple arithmetic abilities in an occipital epileptic patient. This patient had obvious softening lesions in the bilateral occipital regions due to viral encephalitis at the age of 1.5 years.

Long-term therapeutic effects of corticoamygdalohippocampectomy for bilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.

Background: Some cases of paradoxical mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) are shown to be bilateral MTLE (BMTLE) by intracranial electrodes. The treatment for BMTLE is difficult, which poses several questions. Can corticoamygdalohippocampectomy (CAH) be applied to treat BMTLE? What are the long-term therapeutic effects if CAH is performed in BMTLE patients?

Methods: Four patients were shown to have BMTLE through bilateral intracranial electrode implantation.

Clinico-pathological investigations of Rasmussen encephalitis suggest multifocal disease progression and associated focal cortical dysplasia.

Rasmussen encephalitis is a devastating neurological disorder characterised by seizures, brain inflammation, and progressive hemispheric atrophy. The objective of the current study was to systematically characterise patterns of structural lesions in children with Rasmussen encephalitis, referred for modified anatomical hemispherectomy at the Tsinghua University Epilepsy Center in Beijing. Seven consecutive patients were investigated with a mean age at operation of 4.

Spoken sentences decoding based on intracranial high gamma response using dynamic time warping.

In this study, we explore the discriminability of high gamma activities from speech production cortex during the overt articulation of two sentences. Neural activities were recorded from one intracranial electrode placed approximately over the posterior part of the inferior frontal gyrus. By employing a dynamic time warping (DTW) method to realign single-trial high gamma response during speech productions, averaged temporal activation patterns corresponding to the two spoken sentences were obtained.

[Pathologic features of ulegyria in refractory epilepsy by modified anatomic hemispherectomy: a clinicopathologic study of 39 cases].

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathologic features of the brain tissue diagnosed as ulegyria from modified anatomic hemispherectomy for refractory epilepsy.

Methods: The clinical and pathologic findings were reviewed in 39 patients who underwent modified anatomic hemispherectomy and diagnosed as ulegyria in the Epilepsy Center of Tsinghua University Yuquan Hospital from 2007 to 2011.

Results: All patients including 30 males and 9 females had medically intractable seizures, and the mean age of seizure onset and disease duration were 4.

Synchronous recording of intracranial and extracranial EEG in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Purpose: To explore the diagnostic value of intracranial electrodes in highly suspected temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and the value of sphenoid electrodes (PG) and the propagation patterns of ictal discharges in focus lateralization.

Methods: Intracranial electrodes were implanted in 22 probable TLE patients through bilateral temporal burr holes. Extracranial electrodes included the 10-20 international EEG system and bilateral PGs.