Soil bacterial community in a photovoltaic system adopted different survival strategies to cope with small-scale light stress under different vegetation restoration modes.

Solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation is a major carbon reduction technology that is rapidly developing worldwide. However, the impact of PV plant construction on subsurface microecosystems is currently understudied. We conducted a systematic investigation into the effects of small-scale light stress caused by shading of PV panels and sampling depth on the composition, diversity, survival strategy, and key driving factors of soil bacterial communities (SBCs) under two vegetation restoration modes, i.

Soil and vegetation conditions changes following the different sand dune restoration measures on the Zoige Plateau.

Alpine sand dunes restoration is extremely difficult but important in the ecosystem restoration. Sand dunes are known as harsh soil and poor seed bank which freed from advantages on plants growth naturally. Effective restoration measures are required to guide the sand dune restoration.

Variation in plant functional groups indicates land degradation on the Tibetan Plateau.

Plant functional groups (PFGs) have been increasingly introduced in land degradation (LD) studies; however, it is unclear whether PFGs can indicate LD. Here, we selected five different degraded lands (i.e.

PLGA microspheres with high drug loading and high encapsulation efficiency prepared by a novel solvent evaporation technique.

PLGA microspheres with high drug loading and high encapsulation efficiency were fabricated by a novel solvent evaporation process-in-situ S/O/W process. Insulin was dissolved in DMSO and dispersed into DCM to form fine particles due to an anti-solvent effect. The in-situ formed suspension was then added into an aqueous phase and emulsified.