Efficacy, cardiotoxicity and factors affecting pathologic complete response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with anthracycline-containing verses anthracycline-free regimens plus dual HER2 blockade for HER2-positive early-stage breast cancer: a retrospective study.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy, cardiotoxicity and factors affecting pathologic complete response (pCR) of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) regimen TCbHP (docetaxel/nab-paclitaxel, carboplatin, trastuzumab and pertuzumab) and AC-THP (doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel/nab-paclitaxel, trastuzumab and pertuzumab) for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) early-stage breast cancer at a retrospective cohort.

Methods: This retrospective study included the patients with HER2+ early-stage breast cancer who received NACT with the regimen TCbHP or AC-THP and then underwent surgery from 2019 to 2022. pCR rate and breast-conserving rate were calculated to evaluate the efficacy of the regimens.

Ectopic expression of MmSERT, a mouse serotonin transporter gene, regulates salt tolerance and ABA sensitivity in apple and Arabidopsis.

5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is ubiquitously present in animals and plants, playing a vital regulatory role. SERT, a conserved serotonin reuptake transporter in animals, regulates intracellular and extracellular concentrations of 5-HT. Few studies have reported 5-HT transporters in plants.

Ectopic expression of MmCYP1A1, a mouse cytochrome P450 gene, positively regulates stress tolerance in apple calli and Arabidopsis.

Ectopic expression of MmCYP1A1 gene from Mus musculus in apple calli and Arabidopsis increased the levels of melatonin and 6-hydroxymelatonin, and improved their stress resistance. Melatonin occurs widely in organisms, playing a key regulatory role. CYP1A1 is a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, involved in the melatonin metabolism, and is responsible for the synthesis of 6-hydroxymelatonin from melatonin.

Influence of neo-adjuvant radiotherapy on the intestinal microbiota of rectal cancer patients.

Purpose: Neo-adjuvant radiotherapy (NART) is a widely used pre-surgery radiotherapy for rectal cancer patients. Although NART is effective in reducing tumor burden before surgery, it may cause dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota. The intestinal microbiota shapes tumor inflammatory environment and influences cancer progression.

The BTB protein MdBT2 recruits auxin signaling components to regulate adventitious root formation in apple.

Ubiquitination is an important post-translational protein modification. Although BROAD-COMPLEX, TRAMTRACK AND BRIC A BRAC and TRANSCRIPTION ADAPTOR PUTATIVE ZINC FINGER domain protein 2 (BT2) is involved in many biological processes, its role in apple (Malus domestic) root formation remains unclear. Here, we revealed that MdBT2 inhibits adventitious root (AR) formation through interacting with AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR8 (MdARF8) and INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE3 (MdIAA3).

The MdABI5 transcription factor interacts with the MdNRT1.5/MdNPF7.3 promoter to fine-tune nitrate transport from roots to shoots in apple.

Nitrate is a major nitrogen resource for plant growth and development and acts as both a crucial nutrient and a signaling molecule for plants; hence, understanding nitrate signaling is important for crop production. Abscisic acid (ABA) has been demonstrated to be involved in nitrate signaling, but the underlying mechanism is largely unknown in apple. In this study, we found that exogenous ABA inhibited the transport of nitrate from roots to shoots in apple, and the transcription of the nitrate transporter MdNRT1.

Jasmonate induces biosynthesis of anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin in apple by mediating the JAZ1-TRB1-MYB9 complex.

Jasmonate (JA) induces the biosynthesis of anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin. MdMYB9 is essential for modulating the accumulation of both anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin in apple, but the molecular mechanism for induction of anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis by JA is unclear. In this study, we discovered an apple telomere-binding protein (MdTRB1) to be the interacting protein of MdMYB9.

Low nitrate alleviates iron deficiency by regulating iron homeostasis in apple.

Iron (Fe) is an essential element for plant growth, development and metabolism. Due to its lack of solubility and low bioavailability in soil, Fe levels are usually far below the optimum amount for most plants' growth and development. In apple production, excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer may cause iron chlorosis symptoms in the newly growing leaves, but the regulatory mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are unclear.

Automatic model for cervical cancer screening based on convolutional neural network: a retrospective, multicohort, multicenter study.

Background: The incidence rates of cervical cancer in developing countries have been steeply increasing while the medical resources for prevention, detection, and treatment are still quite limited. Computer-based deep learning methods can achieve high-accuracy fast cancer screening. Such methods can lead to early diagnosis, effective treatment, and hopefully successful prevention of cervical cancer.

MdABI5 works with its interaction partners to regulate abscisic acid-mediated leaf senescence in apple.

Abscisic acid (ABA) induces chlorophyll degradation and leaf senescence; however, the molecular mechanism remains poorly understood, especially in woody plants. In this study, we found that MdABI5 plays an essential role in the regulation of ABA-triggered leaf senescence in Malus domestica (apple). Through yeast screening, three transcription factors, MdBBX22, MdWRKY40 and MdbZIP44, were found to interact directly with MdABI5 in vitro and in vivo.

The BTB-TAZ protein MdBT2 negatively regulates the drought stress response by interacting with the transcription factor MdNAC143 in apple.

Drought stress is a severe source of abiotic stress that can affect apple yield and quality, yet the underlying molecular mechanism of the drought stress response and the role of MdBT2 in the process remain unclear. Here, we find that MdBT2 negatively regulates the drought stress response. Both in vivo and in vitro assays indicated that MdBT2 interacted physically with and ubiquitinated MdNAC143, a member of the NAC TF family that is a positive regulator under drought stress.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the gene family under drought stress in tea ().

Background: DNA-binding one zinc finger (Dof) proteins are plant-specific transcription factors important for seed development, hormone regulation, and defense against abiotic stress. Although drought stress is a key determinant of plant physiology and metabolic homeostasis, the role of genes in different degrees of PEG6000-induced drought stress has received little attention.

Methods: Tea plants () were exposed to mild, moderate and severe drought stress.

Phosphate regulates malate/citrate-mediated iron uptake and transport in apple.

The accumulation of iron (Fe) in the apical meristem is considered as a critical factor involved in limiting the elongation of roots under low phosphate (Pi) conditions. Furthermore, the antagonism between Fe and Pi largely affects the effective utilization of Fe. Although the lack of Pi serves to increase the effectiveness of Fe in rice under both Fe-sufficient and Fe-deficient conditions, the underlying physiological mechanism governing this phenomenon is still unclear.

[Impact of Biochar on Soil Bulk Density and Aggregates of Lou Soil].

The effect of biochar on the bulk density and aggregate stability of Lou soil was evaluated and compared after biochar was applied for 2 years and 5 years through a field-positioning experiment. Five biochar amounts were applied in this study, as follows:0 t·hm (B), 20 t·hm (B), 40 t·hm (B), 60 t·hm (B), and 80 t·hm (B). The biochar was produced by pyrolysis of stems and branches from fruit trees at the temperature of 450℃ with limited oxygen apply.

DeepHLApan: A Deep Learning Approach for Neoantigen Prediction Considering Both HLA-Peptide Binding and Immunogenicity.

Neoantigens play important roles in cancer immunotherapy. Current methods used for neoantigen prediction focus on the binding between human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) and peptides, which is insufficient for high-confidence neoantigen prediction. In this study, we apply deep learning techniques to predict neoantigens considering both the possibility of HLA-peptide binding (binding model) and the potential immunogenicity (immunogenicity model) of the peptide-HLA complex (pHLA).

MdMYB58 Modulates Fe Homeostasis by Directly Binding to the MdMATE43 Promoter in Plants.

Nutrient element deprivation, such as iron (Fe) deficiency stress, is a major factor limiting plant survival and proliferation in marginal soils. To cope with a low Fe environment, plants have evolved elaborate mechanisms underlying Fe homeostasis via intricate transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation. Here, we characterized the Fe deficiency-inducible MYB transcription factor MdMYB58 in apple plants.

Cancer immune checkpoint blockade therapy and its associated autoimmune cardiotoxicity.

The immune checkpoint molecules are emerged in the evolution to protect the host from self-attacks by activated T cells. However, cancer cells, as a strategy to survive and expand, can hijack these molecules and mechanisms to suppress T cell-mediated immune responses. Therefore, an idea of blocking the checkpoint molecules to enhance the anti-tumor activities of the host immune system has been developed and applied to the cancer therapy after discovery of the inhibitory T cell co-receptor, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), and further enhanced on the identification of PD-1 and its ligands.