Effects of Hypertonic Saline and Hydroxyethyl Starch on Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Hemorrhagic Shock Mice under Secondary Bacterial Attack.

Objectives: The primary target is to reveal whether the resuscitation with hypertonic saline (HTS) or hydroxyethyl starch (HES) would have different effects on the myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) count and monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC)/granulocytic/neutrophilic MDSC (G-MDSC) rate in the peripheral blood, spleen, and bone marrow nucleated cells (BMNC) in a controlled hemorrhagic shock mouse model under secondary bacterial infection attack, comparing to resuscitation with normal saline (NS) in 72 hours.

Method: After hemorrhagic shock with bacteremia, which is induced by bacterial infection attack, comparing to resuscitation with normal saline (NS) in 72 hours. .

Comparative transcriptomic analysis of vascular endothelial cells after hypoxia/re-oxygenation induction based on microarray technology.

Objective: To provide comprehensive data to understand mechanisms of vascular endothelial cell (VEC) response to hypoxia/re-oxygenation.

Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were employed to construct hypoxia/re-oxygenation-induced VEC transcriptome profiling. Cells incubated under 5% O, 5% CO, and 90% N for 3 h followed by 95% air and 5% CO for 1 h were used in the hypoxia/re-oxygenation group.

Spontaneous rupture of the branches of left subclavian artery: A case report and review of the literatures.

Rationale: Spontaneous rupture of the branches of left subclavian artery (LSA) without any obvious risk factors is rare.

Patient Concerns: A 51-year-old female patient without history of trauma and hypertension complained about left chest pain.

Diagnoses: A chest Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a large pleural effusion (PE) in the left thorax cavity and hemothorax was confirmed by thoracentesis.

Immune recovery after fluid resuscitation in rats with severe hemorrhagic shock.

Objective: To investigate the effects of resuscitation with normal saline (NS), hypertonic saline (HTS), and hydroxyethyl starch (HES) on regulatory T cells (Tregs), helper T 1 (Th1)/Th2 and cytotoxic T 1 (Tc1)/Tc2 profiles in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock.

Methods: Rats subjected to severe hemorrhagic shock were resuscitated for 30 min with NS (n=8), HTS (n=8), or HES (n=8); sham (n=8) and naive control (n=8) groups were used for comparison. Following fluid resuscitation, the whole shed blood was reinfused for 30 min, and the rats were observed with continuous hemodynamic monitoring for 120 min.

Early Changes of Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Patients with Occupational 2,4-dinitrophenol Poisoning.

2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), an organic compound which frequently used in industry, is considered to have high toxicity. This study aimed to investigate the early changes of lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with occupational 2,4-DNP poisoning. Totally 9 patients with acute occupational 2,4-DNP poisoning and 30 healthy volunteers as control were enrolled.

Distribution and differentiation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells after fluid resuscitation in mice with hemorrhagic shock.

Objective: To investigate the distribution and differentiation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in hemorrhagic shock mice, which are resuscitated with normal saline (NS), hypertonic saline (HTS), and hydroxyethyl starch (HES).

Methods: BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control, NS, HTS, and HES resuscitation groups. Three subgroups (n=8) in each resuscitation group were marked as 2, 24, and 72 h.

Association between the vascular endothelial growth factor single nucleotide polymorphisms and diabetic retinopathy risk: A meta-analysis.

Background: The aim of the present study was to reveal the relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and susceptibility to diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: A literature review was conducted (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase) to identify papers about VEGF SNPs and DR published up to 23 September 2015. The VEGF gene SNPs analyzed with regard to DR susceptibility were rs2010963 (G > C), rs833061 (T > C), rs699947 (C > A), rs3025039 (C > T) and rs1570360 (G > A).

Evaluation of efficacy of resin hemoperfusion in patients with acute 2,4-dinitrophenol poisoning by dynamic monitoring of plasma toxin concentration.

Objective: The intoxications caused by 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP), even death, have been frequently reported in recent years. This study aims to investigate the dynamic changes of plasma toxin concentration and explore the clinical value of resin hemoperfusion (HP) in the treatment of patients with acute 2,4-DNP poisoning.

Methods: We reported 16 cases of acute 2,4-DNP poisoning through occupational exposure due to ignoring the risk of poisoning.

Effect of hypertonic versus isotonic saline resuscitation on heme oxygenase-1 expression in visceral organs following hemorrhagic shock in rats.

To compare the early effects of hypertonic and isotonic saline resuscitation on heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in organs of rats with hemorrhagic shock. Rats were randomly divided into hypertonic saline resuscitation (HTS), normal saline resuscitation (NS) and sham groups. HO-1 mRNA, protein expression and apoptosis were evaluated in organs.

Hypertonic saline resuscitation contributes to early accumulation of circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock.

Background: Hemorrhagic shock is usually associated with complicated immune and inflammatory responses, which are sometimes crucial for the prognosis. As regulators of the immune and inflammatory system; proliferation, migration, distribution and activation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are intimately linked to the inflammation cascade.

Methods: In a model of severe hemorrhagic shock, thirty-five rats were randomly divided into control, sham, normal saline resuscitation (NS), hypertonic saline resuscitation (HTS), and hydroxyethyl starch resuscitation (HES), with seven in each group.

Early changes of CD4⁺CD25⁺Foxp3⁺ regulatory T cells and Th1/Th2, Tc1/Tc2 profiles in the peripheral blood of rats with controlled hemorrhagic shock and no fluid resuscitation.

Background: Hemorrhagic shock induces immune dysfunction. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), T-helper (Th) cells, and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) can execute many crucial actions in immune and inflammatory responses. This study was conducted to investigate the early pathophysiological changes of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) Treg and Th1/Th2, Tc1/Tc2 profiles in the peripheral blood of rats with controlled hemorrhagic shock and no fluid resuscitation.

Lysine acetylsalicylate ameliorates lung injury in rats acutely exposed to paraquat.

Background: Paraquat (PQ), an effective and widely used herbicide, has been proven to be safe when appropriately applied to eliminate weeds. However, PQ poisoning is an extremely frustrating clinical condition with a high mortality and with a lack of effective treatments in humans. PQ mainly accumulates in the lung, and the main molecular mechanism of PQ toxicity is based on redox cycling and intracellular oxidative stress generation.

Value of T-tube in biliary tract reconstruction during orthotopic liver transplantation: a meta-analysis.

Objective: To compare biliary complications after biliary tract reconstruction with or without T-tube in orthotopic liver transplantation.

Methods: Randomized control trials (RCTs) and comparative studies were identified by a computerized literature search of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE (1966/1-2010/4), Scopus (1980/1-2010/4), ClinicalTrials.gov (2010/4), the Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group Controlled Trials Register, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.

Clinical features and treatment in patients with acute 2,4-dinitrophenol poisoning.

Objective: To report clinical features and treatment of 16 cases of acute 2,4-dinitrophenol poisoning.

Methods: A total of 16 patients suffering from acute poisoning due to non-oral exposure to 2,4-dinitrophenol were sent to our hospital. Two died within 3 h after admission, while the other 14 responded to supportive treatment and hemoperfusion.

Early change of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid arginine vasopressin in traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: To investigate the changes and effects of arginine vasopressin (AVP) in patients with acute traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (tSAH).

Methods: The plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) level of AVP, and intracranial pressure (ICP) were measured in a total of 21 patients within 24 hours after tSAH. The neurological status of the patients was evaluated by Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS).

[Prediction and immunologic identification of antigenic epitopes in genus-specific outer membrane protein LipL41 of Leptospira interrogans].

Objective: To predict and screen the efficient antigenic epitopes in genus-specific envelope protein LipL41 of Leptospira interrogans and to determine the immunoreactive diversity of LipL41s from different genotypes.

Methods: Bioinformatic methods were applied to predict the T/B combined epitope candidates in LipL41/1 and LipL41/2 molecules. The nucleotide fragments encoding epitopes were amplified by PCR.