Strengthening global health resilience: Marburg virus-like particle vaccines and the One Health approach.

The Marburg virus (MARV), belonging to the family, poses a significant global health threat, emphasizing the urgency to develop Marburg virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines for outbreak mitigation. The virus's menacing traits accentuate the need for such vaccines, which can be addressed by VLPs that mimic its structure safely, potentially overcoming past limitations. Early Marburg vaccine endeavors and their challenges are examined in the historical perspectives section, followed by an exploration of VLPs as transformative tools, capable of eliciting immune responses without conventional risks.

Spatial distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and sediment in the Ganga River: source diagnostics and health risk assessment on dietary exposure through a common carp fish Labeo rohita.

We evaluated spatial distribution and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and sediments at four selected sites of the Ganga River. Also, we measured PAHs in muscle tissues of Rohu (Labeo rohita), the most common edible carp fish of the Ganga River and potential human health risk was addressed. Total concentration of PAHs (∑PAHs) in water was highest at Manika Site (1470.

Exploring the potentials of Lam. seed kernel oil as pharmaceutical oil base: Physicochemical characterization and ketoconazole soap formulation.

Lam. (Rhamnaceae) is a large spiny shrub or small tree, native to the Indian subcontinent that can reach a maximum height of 9-15 m. This plant stands as a renowned tropical fruit variety, commonly recognized as the Indian plum, Desert apple, or Indian Jujube.

Adsorptive removal of oxytetracycline using MnO-engineered pine-cone biochar: thermodynamic and kinetic investigation and process optimization.

Indiscriminate use of oxytetracycline is linked to the development of antibiotic-resistant genes, posing a serious threat to human health and ecosystem balance. This article reports the adsorptive elimination of oxytetracycline (OTC) from aqueous solution using a newly developed MnO-modified pine-cone biochar (MnO/PCBC). The MnO/PCBC was characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, CHNS analyzer, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller N adsorption analyzer.

Preliminary Study on the Antibacterial Activities and Antibacterial Guided Fractionation of Some Common Medicinal Plants Practices in Itum Bahal, Kathmandu Valley of Nepal.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activities of selected medicinal plant practices by a traditional healer of the Newar community in Itum Bahal, Kathmandu, Nepal. The antibacterial activities of the methanolic extract (1 mg/disc) of fifteen medicinal plants were screened against two Gram-positive bacteria ( ATCC 25923 and ATCC 6633) and two Gram-negative bacteria ( ATCC 25922 and CCM 5445) using the disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were calculated for the different fractions (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, and acetone) of the plants having a significant antimicrobial effect.

High Concentration of Sulphate Coupled with Climate Warming Generates Ecosystem Feedback Under Sub-Oxic Conditions at Sediment-Water Interface in the Ganga River.

Here, we quantified sediment phosphorus (P) release in relation to concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO) and sulphate, and increase in temperature in a major river of India subjected to long-term human perturbations. We found a substantial increase in sediment P release, an ecosystem feedback, at higher concentrations of sulphate, more towards the lower end of DO concentrations. A 2°C warming increased sediment P release upto 25.

Perception of Nepalese nursing students toward E-learning in Nepal.

Background: E-learning is the delivery of learning and training through digital resources. Although e-learning is based on formalized learning, it is provided through computers, tablets, and even cellular phones those are connected to the Internet. This makes it easy for users to learn anytime, anywhere, with few, if any restrictions.

Bioactive Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Ponciri Fructus.

Ponciri Fructus is a crude drug obtained from the dried immature fruits of (L). Raf. (Syn.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on learning status of student in Nepal.

Background: This study was designed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the learning status of students from different educational boards and universities of Nepal. An online survey was conducted from tenth to twentieth of September 2020 to record the data.

Material And Methods: A self-designed questionnaire link, using "Google form" was sent to the students via social networks.

Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Royle Leaf and Seed Extracts.

Our study was designed to screen the antibacterial potency of leaf and seed extract and to measure their antioxidant effects, total phenol content, total flavonoid content, and total carbohydrate content. Collected samples were extracted by cold maceration. Hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and distilled water were used as extraction solvents.

COVID-19 lockdown-driven changes in the Ganga River ecosystem in response to human perturbations.

We examined 10 subsurface water, 5 benthic water and 19 sediment (02 cm) samples along a 518 km of the middle segment of the Ganga River to assess the possible improvements that resulted from the industrial shutdown during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sites included the main stem river, tributary confluences, and two point sources, one of which releases metal-rich effluents and the other flushes municipal sewage. We found significant declines in the carbon, nutrient and metal concentrations in both the water and sediment.

Prolonged Use of Insecticide Dimethoate Inhibits Growth and Photosynthetic Activity of Wheat Seedlings: A Study by Laser-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Spectroscopy.

This paper is an extension of the work published in Journal of Fluorescence (2011) 21: 785-791. In the previous work, we studied the effect of dimethoate (50, 100 and 200 ppm) on growth and photosynthetic activity of wheat seedlings after 10 days of dimethoate treatment. In the present study, new measurement conditions (dimethoate concentration: 25 ppm, treatment period: 20 days and 30 days) were used in addition to those used in the past work.

Caregivers' Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards Pressure Injuries in Spinal Cord Injury at Rehabilitation Center in Bangladesh.

The purpose of this study was to determine caregivers' knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) on the prevention and care of pressure injuries (PIs) in individuals with spinal cord injury. A quantitative cross-sectional study with descriptive correlation design was used to implement a modified semistructured questionnaire using a convenient sampling method. McDonald's standard of learning outcome measurement criteria was used to categorize caregivers' KAP.

Formulation of Ebastine Fast-Disintegrating Tablet Using Coprocessed Superdisintegrants and Evaluation of Quality Control Parameters.

Ebastine is a long-acting, nonsedating, second-generation antihistaminic drug that prevents histamine action, mainly in immediate hypersensitivity. This project was aimed to formulate and characterize orodispersible tablets of ebastine, utilizing different proportions of three disintegrants, namely crospovidone, sodium starch glycolate, and coprocessed superdisintegrant. Initially, fifteen trial batches of ebastine orodispersible tablets were outlined using the central composite design of Minitab software.

Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on water quality, microbial extracellular enzyme activity, and sediment-P release in the Ganga River, India.

This study investigates possible improvement in water quality and ecosystem functions in the Ganga River as influenced by COVID-19 lockdown in India. A total of 132 samples were collected during summer-2020 low flow (coinciding COVID-19 lockdown) for water (sub-surface and sediment-water interface) and 132 samples separately for sediment (river bottom and land-water interface) considering 518-km main river stem including three-point sources (one releases urban sewage and the other two add metal-rich industrial effluents) and a pollution-impacted tributary. Parameters such as dissolved oxygen deficit and the concentrations of carbon, nutrients (N and P), and heavy metals were measured in water.

Pimarane Diterpenoids from Aerial Parts of and Their Antimicrobial Activity.

The ethyl acetate fraction obtained from aerial parts of was subjected for isolation of new bioactive compounds, which enabled isolation of five new pimarane-type diterpenoids, namely, 3 8 12, 18-tetrahydroxy pimar-15-ene 7 8 12, 18-tetrahydroxy pimar-15-ene 3 8 11 12, 18-pentahydroxy pimar-15-ene 12 acetoxy, 8 3, 18-trihydroxy pimar-15-ene and 3 acetoxy, 8 12 18-trihydroxy pimar-15-ene along with nine known compounds. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literature data. The isolated new pimarane diterpenoids were examined for antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria strains.

Collateral implications of carbon and metal pollution on carbon dioxide emission at land-water interface of the Ganga River.

Atmospheric CO source and sink is among the most debated issues that have puzzled climate change geochemist for decades. Here, we tested whether heavy metal pollutants in river sediments favor preservation of organic matter through shielding microbial degradation. We measured CO emission and extracellular enzyme activities at land-water interface (LWI) of 7 sites along a 285 km main stem of the Ganga River and 60 locations up- and downstream of two contrasting point sources discharging urban (Assi drain; Asdr) and industrial (Ramnagar drain; Rmdr) wastewaters to the river.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Leaves, Originating from Three Different Altitudes of Nepal.

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the in vivo chronic anti-inflammatory efficacy, from the ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts of leaves, grown at three different altitudes in Nepal, by formalin-induced paw edema in Swiss albino mice. Edema was induced on the mice paw by administering 0.2% of formalin injection.

Separation of pollutants from aqueous solution using nanoclay and its nanocomposites: A review.

Wastewater is always composed of different pollutants, most of which are toxic to the living being. It is very tough to separate all those diverse groups of contaminants using a single process or single material. Rather a sustainable and environment friendly processes should be adapted to restrict the secondary pollution generation.

Evaluation of Phytochemical, Antioxidant, and Memory-Enhancing Activity of Roxb. Bark and (Lam) Oken. Leaves.

Roxb. (Burseraceae) is a medium-sized tree widely available all over the tropical regions of Asia. (Lam) Oken.

Integrating resilience with functional ecosystem measures: A novel paradigm for management decisions under multiple-stressor interplay in freshwater ecosystems.

Moving beyond monitoring the state of water quality to understanding how the sensitive ecosystems "respond" to complex interplay of climatic and anthropogenic perturbations, and eventually the mechanisms that underpin alterations leading to transitional shifts is crucial for managing freshwater resources. The multiple disturbance dynamics-a single disturbance as opposed to multiple disturbances for recovery and other atrocities-alter aquatic ecosystem in multiple ways, yet the global models lack representation of key processes and feedbacks, impeding potential management decisions. Here, the procedure we have embarked for what is known about the biogeochemical and ecological functions in freshwaters in context of ecosystem resilience, feedbacks, stressors synergies, and compensatory dynamics, is highly relevant for process-based ecosystem models and for developing a novel paradigm toward potential management decisions.

Formulation and evaluation of mucoadhesive buccal tablets of aceclofenac.

This project was aimed to formulate and characterize mucoadhesive buccal tablets of aceclofenac, utilizing different proportions of three polymers carbopol 934, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose. Twelve batches of buccoadhesive aceclofenac were prepared by the direct compression method. The compressed tablets were then evaluated for physicochemical parameters such as hardness, thickness, weight variation, drug content, friability, swelling index, surface pH, and ex vivo mucoadhesion.