Mechanism of carbonized humic acid and magnesium aluminum-layered double hydroxide promoting biohydrogen generation.

Dark fermentation (DF) is prone to low hydrogen (H) yield. In this work, magnesium aluminum-layered double hydroxide and carbonized humic acid (MgAl-LDH/CHA) was synthesized by co-precipitation to reveal the mechanism in rising bioH generation. The results indicated that MgAl-LDH released Mg and Al ions slowly in DF system, improving the activity of H-producing microbes (HPM) for more H.

Exploring causality in the association between gut microbiota and irritable bowel syndrome risk: a large Mendelian randomization study.

Background: In the past, some observational studies have highlighted the correlation between gut microbiota and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, it is still unknown if the composition of gut microbiota shows a causal effect on the risk of IBS.

Aim: To conduct Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis of the samples to study the probable causal relationship between the gut microbiota, their taxonomic groups, and the risk of IBS.

Comparison of calcium magnesium ferrite nanoparticles for boosting biohydrogen production.

Dark fermentation (DF) is an eco-friendly process that simultaneously achieves organic matter degradation and obtains hydrogen (H). Nonetheless, low H yield mainly caused by poor activity of key microbes, is still a problem that requires being resolved. In this work, MgFeO and CaMgFeO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthetized and served as additives to boost H form from DF.

Reinforcement Learning-Based Decentralized Safety Control for Constrained Interconnected Nonlinear Safety-Critical Systems.

This paper addresses the problem of decentralized safety control (DSC) of constrained interconnected nonlinear safety-critical systems under reinforcement learning strategies, where asymmetric input constraints and security constraints are considered. To begin with, improved performance functions associated with the actuator estimates for each auxiliary subsystem are constructed. Then, the decentralized control problem with security constraints and asymmetric input constraints is transformed into an equivalent decentralized control problem with asymmetric input constraints using the barrier function.

Critic Learning-Based Safe Optimal Control for Nonlinear Systems with Asymmetric Input Constraints and Unmatched Disturbances.

In this paper, the safe optimal control method for continuous-time (CT) nonlinear safety-critical systems with asymmetric input constraints and unmatched disturbances based on the adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) is investigated. Initially, a new non-quadratic form function is implemented to effectively handle the asymmetric input constraints. Subsequently, the safe optimal control problem is transformed into a two-player zero-sum game (ZSG) problem to suppress the influence of unmatched disturbances, and a new Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs (HJI) equation is introduced by integrating the control barrier function (CBF) with the cost function to penalize unsafe behavior.

Revealing the roles of carbonized humic acid in biohydrogen production.

For low yield in dark fermentation (DF), in this study, the carbonized humic acid (CHA) was produced and added to DF for enhancing biohydrogen (bioH) yield at mesophilic condition. The highest bioH yield was 151.08 mL/g glucose with the addition of CHA at 80 mg/L, which was 35.

Molten salt strategy to activate biochar for enhancing biohydrogen production.

Generally, dark fermentation (DF) of hydrogen (H) synthesis has low H production from industrial-scale plants. In this study, campus greening wastes-ginkgo leaves were used to produce molten salt-modified biochar (MSBC) and nitrogen (N)-atmosphere BC (NBC) in molten salt and N environment at 800 °C, respectively. MSBC showed excellent properties including high specific surface area and electron transfer ability.

Magnetic nitrogen-doped activated carbon improved biohydrogen production.

Low biological hydrogen (bioH) production due to non-optimal metabolic pathways occurs frequently. In this work, magnetic nitrogen-doped activated carbon (MNAC) was prepared and added into the inoculated sludge with glucose as substrate to enhance hydrogen (H) yield by mesophilic dark fermentation (DF). The highest H yield appeared in 400 mg/L AC (252.

Hydrothermal carbon microspheres and their iron salt modification for enhancing biohydrogen production.

Dark fermentation (DF) for hydrogen (H) evolution is often limited to industrial application due to its low H yield. In this work, hydrothermal carbon microspheres (HCM) and iron modified HCM (Fe-HCM) were prepared by hydrothermal process using waste corn cob. Subsequently, HCM and Fe-HCM were used in DF for more H.

[Effects of Chinese Milk Vetch Returning Incorporated with Chemical Fertilizer Reduction on the Composition and Function of Soil Bacterial Communities in Paddy Fields].

Chinese milk vetch ( L.) is an important organic nutrient resource in the southern Henan rice-growing area. Thus, the effects of Chinese milk vetch (MV) returning incorporated with reduced chemical fertilizer on the physicochemical properties and bacterial community characteristics in paddy soil were studied.

Novel lanthanum-iron oxide nanoparticles alleviate the inhibition of anaerobic digestion by carbamazepine through adsorption and bioaugmentation.

Several reports have shown that pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have some negative effects on anaerobic digestion (AD), yet there are no convenient and efficient strategies for mitigating the adverse influences. The typical PPCPs of carbamazepine have a strong negative effect on lactic acid AD process. Therefore, in this work, novel lanthanum-iron oxide (LaFeO) nanoparticles (NPs) were used for adsorption and bioaugmentation to weak the negative effects of carbamazepine.

Study on the relationships between the accumulation and translocation of dry matter and nitrogen and flower/pod development into seeds and seed yields in Chinese milk vetch.

Further improvements to the yield potential of Chinese milk vetch seed are essential for the planting demand of green manure. Flower and pod development directly determines the number of seeds and the seed yield of Chinese milk vetch. However, the accumulation and translocation of dry matter and nitrogen between plant organs directly affects flower and pod development and morphological formation.

Nickel-Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticle-Induced Biohydrogen Production.

The positive effects of metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) on dark fermentation (DF) for biohydrogen synthesis have been increased, and the mechanism still needs to be further revealed. In this study, nickel-cobalt oxide (NiCoO) NPs were prepared to increase H yield via DF. The highest (259.

Improved biohydrogen evolution through calcium ferrite nanoparticles assisted dark fermentation.

Dark fermentation (DF) is a green hydrogen (H) production process, but it is far below the theoretical H yield. In this study, calcium ferrite nanoparticles (CaFeO NPs) were produced to augment H yield via DF. The highest H yield of 250.

Methane production from wheat straw pretreated with CaO/cellulase.

There are various lignocellulosic biomass pretreatments that act as attractive strategies to improve anaerobic digestion for methane (CH) generation. This study proposes an effective technique to obtain more CH the hydrothermal coupled calcium peroxide (CaO) co-cellulase pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. The total organic carbon in the hydrolysate of samples treated with 6% CaO and 15 mg enzyme per g-cellulose was 7330 mg L, which represented an increase of 92.

Hydroxyapatite Fabrication for Enhancing Biohydrogen Production from Glucose Dark Fermentation.

Hydroxyapatite (HA) had the effect of maintaining the pH balance of the reaction system and promoting enzyme activity. In this work, hydroxyapatite was synthesized by coprecipitation and characterized for biohydrogen (bioH) production from glucose. The highest bioH yield obtained was 182.

Unraveling the roles of lanthanum-iron oxide nanoparticles in biohydrogen production.

Low hydrogen (H) yield via dark fermentation often occurs, being mainly due to H generation pathway shift. In this study, lanthanum-iron oxide nanoparticles (LaFeO NPs) were prepared to investigate their effects on bioH production. The highest H yield of 289.

Comparison of cobalt ferrate-based nanoparticles for promoting biomethane evolution from lactic acid anaerobic digestion.

Some inhibition of biomethane (bioCH) production system can be observed, which is due to the propionic acid generation from lactic acid degradation. In this work, the three cobalt ferrate-based nanoparticles (NPs) such as CoFeO, CoAlFeO and CoCuFeO were synthesized to promote the bioCH evolution from lactic acid. The CH yields from the CoAlFeO, CoCuFeO and CoFeO groups at 300 mg/L of NPs were 431.

Comparison of copper and aluminum doped cobalt ferrate nanoparticles for improving biohydrogen production.

Two various materials, copper and aluminum doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated for investigating their effects of addition amounts on hydrogen (H) synthesis and process stability. CoCuFeONPs enhanced H production more than CoAlFeO NPs under same condition. The highest H yield of 212.

Comparison of mesophilic and thermophilic dark fermentation with nickel ferrite nanoparticles supplementation for biohydrogen production.

In this work, nickel ferrite nanoparticles (NiFeO NPs) was prepared to improve hydrogen (H) production by dark fermentation. Moderate amounts (50-200 mg/L) promoted H generation, while excess NiFeO NPs (over 400 mg/L) lowered H productivity. The highest H yields of 222 and 130 mL/g glucose were obtained in the 100 mg/L (37 °C) and 200 mg/L NiFeO NPs (55 °C) groups, respectively, and the values were 38.

Circular RNA circNINL promotes breast cancer progression through activating β-catenin signaling via miR-921/ADAM9 axis.

We investigated the expression and functions of circular RNA (circRNA) circNINL and miR-921 in breast cancer (BC) in this study. We found that the expression of circNINL increased while the expression of miR-921 decreased in BC tissues and cell lines, and their anomalous expressions were associated with malignant features and poor prognostic of BC. Then, we demonstrated that circNINL could interact with miR-921 and facilitate BC cells malignant process including proliferation acceleration, migration enhancement and apoptosis evasion via sponging miR-921 in vitro.

Facile Fabrication of Calcium-Doped Carbon for Efficient Phosphorus Adsorption.

High phosphorus concentrations mainly result in environmental problems such as agricultural pollution and eutrophication, which have great negative influence on many natural water bodies. In this work, calcium lignosulfonate was employed to produce calcium-doped char at 400 and 800 °C. To compare the phosphorus adsorption behaviors of the two carbon materials, batch adsorption experiments were conducted in a phosphorus microenvironment.

Advanced bioH and bioCH production with cobalt-doped magnetic carbon.

In this work, a novel cobalt-doped magnetic carbon (CDMC) was prepared to boost hydrogen (H) and methane (CH) generation. A one-pot approach was employed to produce H and CH with an incompletely heat-treated mixed culture. A moderate amount of CDMC promoted biogas evolution, while excess CDMC eroded both H and CH productivity.

Comparison of Calcium Oxide and Calcium Peroxide Pretreatments of Wheat Straw for Improving Biohydrogen Production.

Wheat straw was pretreated with either CaO or CaO to improve biohydrogen production. Both CaO and CaO pretreatments improved the biodegradability of the wheat straw. CaO pretreatment raised the H yield by between 48.

Synergetic promotion of direct interspecies electron transfer for syntrophic metabolism of propionate and butyrate with graphite felt in anaerobic digestion.

Direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) was considered to replace interspecies H transfer to enhance syntrophic metabolism during the anaerobic digestion. The graphite felt with excellent electrical conductivity was added into a semi-continuous reactor as a conductive material, strengthening DIET in enhancing the degradation of propionate and butyrate. The final average CH production rate increased by 19.