Comprehensive Assessment of PCSK9 Inhibitors for Lipid Management: Scientific Guidance Based on Drug Selection Recommendations for Chinese Medical Institutions.

Objective: This study aims to support the selection of PCSK9 inhibitors for patients requiring lipid management within medical institutions. By quantitatively evaluating four PCSK9 inhibitors, we provide evidence-based guidance for optimal selection in this patient population.

Methods: According to the Rapid Guide for Drug Evaluation and Selection in Chinese Medical Institutions (Second Edition) released in 2023, relevant databases such as PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, drug labels, and clinical guidelines were searched for drug information.

A Health Technology Assessment Based on Chinese Guideline: Active Vitamin D and Its Analogs in the Treatment of Osteoporosis.

Objective: To quantitatively assess all dosage forms of three active vitamin D and its analogs, namely, calcitriol, alfacalcidol, and eldecalcitol, to provide a basis for the selection of active vitamin D and its analogs in hospitals.

Methods: In this study, three active vitamin D and its analogs were evaluated by quantitative scoring in five dimensions, including pharmaceutical properties (28 points), efficacy (27 points), safety (25 points), economy (10 points), and other attributes (10 points).

Results: The final scores of quantitative assessment for the selection of alfacalcidol soft capsules, calcitriol soft capsules I, calcitriol soft capsules II, alfacalcidol tablets, alfacalcidol capsules, alfacalcidol oral drops, calcitriol injection, and eldecalcitol soft capsules were 73.

YOLOv8-MU: An Improved YOLOv8 Underwater Detector Based on a Large Kernel Block and a Multi-Branch Reparameterization Module.

Underwater visual detection technology is crucial for marine exploration and monitoring. Given the growing demand for accurate underwater target recognition, this study introduces an innovative architecture, YOLOv8-MU, which significantly enhances the detection accuracy. This model incorporates the large kernel block (LarK block) from UniRepLKNet to optimize the backbone network, achieving a broader receptive field without increasing the model's depth.

Health Technology Assessment: Evaluation of 7 Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Purpose: This study provides a reference for healthcare organizations in the selection and rational use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), based on the Rapid Guide for Drug Evaluation and Selection in Chinese Medical Institutions (Second Edition).

Methods: According to the Rapid Guide for Drug Evaluation and Selection in Chinese Medical Institutions (Second Edition) released in 2023, relevant databases such as PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase, drug labels, and clinical guidelines were searched for drug information. We systematically evaluated 7 GLP-1RAs marketed in China for safety, efficacy, economy, pharmacological properties, and other attributes using a percentage scoring method.

Clinical characteristics, diagnosis and management of nivolumab-induced myocarditis.

Nivolumab can cause fatal myocarditis. We aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of nivolumab-induced myocarditis and provide evidence for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Studies involving nivolumab-induced myocarditis were identified in electronic databases from 2000 to 2023 for retrospective analysis.

Intrathecal or intraventricular antimicrobial therapy for post-neurosurgical Gram-negative bacillary meningitis or ventriculitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Extensively-drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (XDR GNB)-related post-neurosurgical infection is closely related to mortality, which represents a major challenge for neurosurgeons. There is an urgent need to review and evaluate methods to reduce mortality.

Methods: Both international and Chinese databases were searched independently from their inception to 15 June 2023.

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of 10 glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists as add-on to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review.

Purpose: This study aimed to perform a network meta-analysis to objectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of 10 Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in combination with metformin that is approved for use worldwide in patients with type 2 diabetes and to provide evidence-based support and reference for the selection of clinical treatment.

Methods: Three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library) were searched from their respective inception until September 30, 2022. Only randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of GLP-1RAs for treating type 2 diabetes (T2D) were included.

A multicenter real-world study comparing the clinical equivalence of trastuzumab biosimilar HLX02 and reference trastuzumab in the treatment of HER-2-positive breast cancer.

As the first trastuzumab biosimilar introduced in China, there are few studies on the clinical application of HLX02, especially in combination with other antitumour drugs, for the treatment of HER-2-positive breast cancer. A multicenter retrospective study was conducted in three hospitals in China to select patients with HER-2-positive breast cancer who met the inclusion criteria and received HLX02 or the reference trastuzumab. Ninety-six patients diagnosed with HER-2-positive breast cancer were finally included and divided into two groups and treated with HLX02 or the reference trastuzumab.

Plutonium in sediments of the Eastern Guangdong coast-its sources and their contribution.

The Pu activities and Pu/Pu atom ratios of surface sediments from the Eastern Guangdong coast (EGDC) were determined by sector field ICP-MS in order to examine the sources of plutonium (Pu) and quantify their contributions. The Pu activities in the EGDC ranged from 0.113 to 0.

Surgical Pharmacy for Optimizing Medication Therapy Management Services within Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) Programs.

Drug-related problems (DRPs) are common among surgical patients, especially older patients with polypharmacy and underlying diseases. DRPs can potentially lead to morbidity, mortality, and increased treatment costs. The enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) system has shown great advantages in managing surgical patients.

Efficacy and Safety of Liraglutide and Semaglutide on Weight Loss in People with Obesity or Overweight: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: The effect and safety of Semaglutide and Liraglutide on weight loss in people with obesity or overweight were evaluated by a Network Meta-Analysis system to provide an evidence-based reference for clinical treatment.

Methods: Computer searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to collect Liraglutide and Semaglutide injection monotherapy RCTs until April 2022, using Stata 16 software for Network Meta-Analysis.

Results: Twenty-three RCTs study with 11,545 patients and 4 interventions (semaglutide 2.

Efficacy and safety of proton pump inhibitors versus vonoprazan in treatment of erosive esophagitis: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) and vonoprazan are recommended as first-line therapies for erosive esophagitis (EE). However, it is uncertain how the magnitude of efficacy and safety of first-line therapy, the choice of individual PPIs or vonoprazan in the treatment of EE remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vonoprazan and PPIs in healing esophageal mucosal injury in patients with EE.

Comparative efficacy and safety of antiviral traditional Chinese medicine injections for viral pneumonia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Viral pneumonia (VP) is becoming a persistent and pervasive burden of disease. Traditional Chinese medicine Injections (TCMIs) have been proved effective in the treatment of patients with VP, which are now widely used in China. The evidence of TCMIs for VP is evolving rapidly.

A Health Technology Assessment Based on Chinese Guidelines: Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Complicated with Cardiovascular Disease.

Purpose: According to the requirements of the "Quick Guide for Drug Evaluation and Selection in Chinese Medical Institutions", this health technology assessment provides an evidence-based basis for drug selection and rational clinical use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist drugs in medical institutions.

Methods: We consult the drug instructions, clinical treatment guidelines and search relevant documents in databases such as China national knowledge infrastructure, Wanfang, PubMed, and government websites such as National Medical Products Administration, Food and Drug Administration, European Medicines Agency, and Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency to collect and sort out the relevant information of the indications, pharmacological effects, guideline recommendations, drug prices and other information of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, using a percentile system systematically evaluate the five dimensions of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in terms of pharmaceutical properties, efficacy, safety, economy, and other attributes.

Results: The final scores of the evaluation results from high to low are semaglutide (71.

Trastuzumab biosimilar HLX02 versus reference trastuzumab in patients with recurrent or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer: a model-based economic evaluation for China.

Background: HLX02 is a newly marketed trastuzumab biosimilar in China, but whether its price reflects a potential benefit in terms of its value remains unclear. In addition, the development of biosimilars in China is just beginning, and the state encourages health economic evaluation of newly marketed biosimilars.

Methods: Based on the previously published randomized controlled trial data, a Markov model was used to perform health economic evaluation of HLX02 and trastuzumab in the treatment of HER2-positive recurrent or metastatic breast cancer, calculate quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), and evaluate the robustness of the model with sensitivity analysis.

Rituximab biosimilar HLX01 versus reference rituximab in the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: Real-world clinical experience.

Introduction: HLX01 is the first rituximab biosimilar produced in China and the first monoclonal antibody biosimilar marketed in China. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively evaluate whether HLX01 is clinically consistent with the original drug based on real-world data to provide evidence for the clinical substitution of biosimilars in China.

Methods: A single-center retrospective study was conducted to select patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who met the inclusion criteria and were treated with HLX01 or reference rituximab.

Distributions and impacts of plutonium in the environment originating from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident: An overview of a decade of studies.

This paper reviews the current knowledge on plutonium (Pu) isotopic composition (the atom or activity ratios) and activity concentrations of Pu, Pu, Pu, and Pu resulting from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident in 2011. In this critical review, we document the characteristic values of Pu atom or activity ratios (fingerprints) and present their spatial distributions around the FDNPP site. Based on multiple Pu fingerprints (Pu/Pu activity ratio, Pu/Pu atom ratio, and Pu/Pu atom ratio), we clarify that Pu contamination from the FDNPP accident occurred in a restricted terrestrial area, while Pu in the Northwest Pacific Ocean is still predominately sourced from the Pacific Proving Grounds (PPG) and global fallout.

The potential mechanism of Bupleurum against anxiety was predicted by network pharmacology study and molecular docking.

Bupleurum chinense DC. (Chaihu) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used in the treatment of anxiety. But the anxiolytic mechanisms of bupleurum are still unclear.

Exploring the Potential Antidepressant Mechanisms of Pinellia by Using the Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking.

About 350 million people worldwide suffered from depression, but less than half of the patients received effective and regular treatments. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) such as pinellia has been proven effective for antidepressant treatment with fewer side effects. However, the exact mechanisms remain unclear.

Identification of Glutamine Synthetase as a Contryphan-Bt Binding Protein by His-Tag Pull-Down.

Background & Objective: Contryphan-Bt is a D-tryptophan-containing disulfide-constrained decapeptide recently isolated from the venom of Conus betulinus. The molecular targets of contryphans are controversial, and the identification of its interacting proteins may be of great importance.

Methods: His-tag pull-down assays were performed to investigate intracellular binding proteins of contryphan-Bt from rat brain lysate.