PLXNC1 interference alleviates the inflammatory injury, apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation of IL-1β-exposed chondrocytes via suppressing GRP78 expression.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a frequently encountered debilitating joint disorder. Whether plexin C1 (PLXNC1) is implicated in OA is far from being investigated despite its well-documented pro-inflammatory property in human diseases. The goal of this study is to expound the specific role of PLXNC1 in OA and elaborate the probable action mechanism.

Classification and morphology of hyperextension tibial plateau fracture.

Purpose: This study was aimed at analyzing the incidence and characteristics of hyperextension tibial plateau fractures (HTPFs) by using a computed tomography (CT)-based "four-column and nine-segment" classification.

Methods: In the coronal plane, HTPFs are divided into four types: pure hyperextension, hyperextension-varus, hyperextension-valgus, and hyperextension-bicondylar. Fractures in the sagittal plane were divided into three types: type 1, pure depression; type 2, cleavage extending to the posterior cortex with no displacement; and type 3, cleavage extending to the posterior cortex with a significant displacement.

Strategies for Biomaterial-Based Spinal Cord Injury Repair the TLR4-NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

The repair and motor functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) has remained a clinical challenge. Injury-induced gliosis and inflammation lead to a physical barrier and an extremely inhibitory microenvironment, which in turn hinders the recovery of SCI. TLR4-NF-κB is a classic implant-related innate immunomodulation signaling pathway and part of numerous biomaterial-based treatment strategies for SCI.

LncRNA HCG18 promotes osteosarcoma growth by enhanced aerobic glycolysis via the miR-365a-3p/PGK1 axis.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common primary bone malignancy. Long noncoding RNA HCG18 is known to play an important role in a variety of cancers. However, its role in OS and relevant molecular mechanisms are unclear.

Classification and Treatment Strategies of Concomitant Fibular Column Injuries in Tibial Plateau Fractures.

Background: About 1/3 of tibial plateau fractures are associated with proximal fibula fractures, but most proximal fibula fractures are often ignored. The aim of this study was to precisely explain the classification and treatment strategies of six injury types of the fibular column associated with tibial plateau fractures.

Methods: Patients with ipsilateral proximal fibula and tibial plateau fractures treated in our hospital were retrospectively reviewed from Aug 2007 to Mar 2020.

The potential roles of circular RNAs as modulators in traumatic spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) may cause long-term physical impairment and bring a substantial burden to both the individual patient and society. Existing therapeutic approaches for SCI have proven inadequate. This is mainly owing to the incomplete understanding of the cellular and molecular events post-injury.

Clinical Efficacy and Rehabilitation of Microscopic "Over the Top" for Bilateral Decompression in Degenerative Lumbar Stenosis: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Recently, "over the top" (also called ULBD; microscopic unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression) is a less invasive technique for symptomatic degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), and this minimally invasive surgical technique has demonstrated favorable therapeutic outcomes. However, the risk of postoperative complications remains controversial.

Objective: This study is aimed at determining the clinical efficacy and complication and rehabilitation of the microscopic "over the top" for degenerative LSS in geriatric patients.

Biomaterial-supported MSC transplantation enhances cell-cell communication for spinal cord injury.

The spinal cord is part of the central nervous system (CNS) and serves to connect the brain to the peripheral nervous system and peripheral tissues. The cell types that primarily comprise the spinal cord are neurons and several categories of glia, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia. Ependymal cells and small populations of endogenous stem cells, such as oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, also reside in the spinal cord.

Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels with tobacco mosaic virus containing cell adhesive peptide induce bone repair in normal and osteoporotic rats.

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) has been studied as a multi-functional agent for bone tissue engineering. An osteo-inductive effect of wild-type TMV has been reported, as it can significantly enhance the bone differentiation potential of bone marrow stromal cells both on a two-dimensional substrate and in a three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel system. A TMV mutant (TMV-RGD1) was created which featured the adhesion peptide arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid (RGD), the most common peptide motif responsible for cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix, on the surface of the virus particle to enhance the bio-functionality of the scaffold material.

Clinical Efficacy of Different Bone Cement Distribution Patterns in Percutaneous Kyphoplasty: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Bone cement distribution patterns in percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) is the key factor in keeping the vertebral stabilization and curative effect. However, the same cement volume can result in different bone cement distribution patterns and can thereby lead to different clinical outcomes. Therefore we investigated associations between cement distribution patterns and the occurrence rates of recompression in cemented vertebrae after PKP for patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs).

Analysis of Correlation Between Age and Cervical Facet Joint Degeneration and Modic Changes in Patients with Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy.

BACKGROUND Because facet joints move with the disc, changes in vertebral bodies occur simultaneously with progression of degeneration of cervical facet joints. This study investigated age-related differences in cervical facet joint abnormalities and multi-dimensional characteristics of MCs in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-five patients underwent both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) of the cervical spine.

Relationship between Endplate Defects, Modic Change, Disc Degeneration, and Facet Joint Degeneration in Patients with Low Back Pain.

Purpose: The endplate defects (EDs), Modic changes (MCs), disc degeneration (DD), facet orientation (FO), and facet tropism (FT) were demonstrated to be related to the low back pain (LBP). The aim of this study was to investigate possible correlations between them.

Methods: 75 patients were reviewed to evaluate the degenerative change in vertebral bodies (EDs and MCs), intervertebral discs (DD), and facet joint degeneration (FO and FT).

C7 slope and its association with serum lipid levels and Modic changes in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

Several studies have substituted the T1 slope (T1S) with the C7 slope (C7S) because the C7 endplate is clearer on radiographs. Further, abnormal serum lipid levels have been proven to be related with the development of disc degeneration. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between C7S, serum lipid levels, cervical parameters related to cervical sagittal balance and Modic changes (MCs) in patients with multisegment cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).

Enhanced Bone Defect Repair by Polymeric Substitute Fillers of MultiArm Polyethylene Glycol-Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels.

Bone regeneration is still one of the greatest challenges for the treatment of bone defects since no current clinical approach has been proven effective. To develop an alternative biodegradable bone graft material, multiarm polyethylene glycol (PEG) crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels are synthesized and applied to promote osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with the ultimate goal for bone defect repair. The multiarm PEG-HA hydrogels provide a significant improvement of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium mineralization of the in vitro encapsulated MSCs under osteogenic condition after 3, 7, and 28 days.

Using Plant Virus Based Nanorods to Modulate the Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Stem Cells.

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a protypical nanorod-shaped bioparticles that has been used as a building block to construct a variety of self-assembled nanomaterials for different biomedical applications, including drug delivery, imaging, tumor immunotherapy and tissue engineering. In this work, the roles of TMV and its mutant TMV-RGD1 nanoparticles on the differentiation of human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs), an important process in bone regeneration, were carefully investigated. We observed that cells cultured on the TMV-RGD1 nanorods coated substrate showed significantly higher levels of gene and protein expression of osteo-specific markers osteocalcin (OCN) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2).

Classification of tibia plateau fracture according to the "four-column and nine-segment".

Purpose: The existing classification systems of tibial plateau fracture (TPF) are suboptimal for clinical use and academic communication. A more comprehensive and universal classification system with the capability to analyze all patterns of TPF is urgently required to guide the clinical practice. This study aimed to analyze the incidence and fracture characteristics of TPF using a computed tomography-based "four-column and nine-segment" classification.

Long non-protein coding RNA DANCR functions as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate osteoarthritis progression via miR-577/SphK2 axis.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been known to be involved in multiple diverse diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to explore the role of differentiation antagonizing non-protein coding RNA (DANCR) in OA and identify the potential molecular mechanisms. The expression of DANCR in cartilage samples from patients with OA was detected using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

The effects of spinal cord injury on bone healing in patients with femoral fractures.

Background: Orthopedic literature states that fractures of long bones, when associated with traumatic brain injuries, frequently heal with excessive callus and faster than normal. Few studies, however, have reported these phenomena being induced by spinal cord injury (SCI). Our objective is to compare the extent of callus and the rate of healing of long-bone fractures in patients with or without SCI.

Elevated leptin expression in rat model of traumatic spinal cord injury and femoral fracture.

Background: Few studies have reported a relationship between leptin induced by spinal cord injury (SCI) and healing bone tissue.

Objective: To observe serum and callus leptin expression within the setting of fracture and traumatic SCI.

Methods: Seventy-two male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized equally into four groups: control, SCI group, fracture group, and fracture/SCI group.

[Effect of Col I A1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide on collagen synthesis in human hypertrophic scar transplanted nude mouse model].

Unlabelled: Objective Col I A1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) has inhibitory effect on collagen synthesis in cultured human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts. To investigate the effects of intralesional injection of Col I A1 ASODN on collagen synthesis in human hypertrophic scar transplanted nude mouse model.

Methods: The animal model of human hypertrophic scar transplantation was established in the 60 BALB/c-nunu nude mice (specific pathogen free grade, weighing about 20 g, and aged 6-8 weeks) by transplanting hypertrophic scar without epidermis donated by the patients into the interscapular subcutaneous region on the back, with 1 piece each mouse.

Effect of leptin on bone metabolism in rat model of traumatic brain injury and femoral fracture.

Objective: To observe serum and callus leptin expression within the setting of fracture and traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: A total of 64 male SD rats were randomized equally into 4 groups: nonoperated group, TBI group, fracture group, and fracture+TBI group. Rats were sacrificed at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after fracture+TBI.

[Inhibitory effect of human Col I A1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide on collagen synthesis in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts].

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of Col I A1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) transfection mediated by cationic liposome on Col I A1 expression in human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts.

Methods: Scar tissue was obtained from volunteer donor. Human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts were cultured by tissue block method.

Effects of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to type I collagen gene on hypertrophic scars in the transplanted nude mouse model.

Background: Antisense nucleic acids are effective in inhibiting harmful or uncontrolled gene expression. We had previously proved that the antisense DNA to type I collagen could effectively inhibit the synthesis of collagen type I in cultured hypertrophic scar fibroblasts, suggesting a potential role in anti-scarring, but there are no published reports of its effect on scar in the transplanted nude mouse model.

Aims: To investigate the effects of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) to type I collagen gene on hypertrophic scars in the transplanted nude mouse model and clarify the potential of ASODN for the treatment of scars.