The effects of intrathecal morphine on urinary bladder function and recovery in patients having a cesarean delivery - A randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: Spinal anesthesia with intrathecal morphine (ITM) is a common anesthesia technique for cesarean delivery. The hypothesis was that the addition of ITM will delay micturition in women undergoing cesarean delivery.

Methods: Fifty-six ASA physical status I and II women scheduled to undergo elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia were randomized to the PSM group (50 mg prilocaine + 2.

A step towards harmonising human biomonitoring study setup on European level: Materials provided and lessons learnt in HBM4EU.

Internal exposure of the human body to potentially harmful chemical substances can be assessed by Human Biomonitoring (HBM). HBM can be used to generate conclusive data that may provide an overview of exposure levels in entire or specific population groups. This knowledge can promote the understanding of potential risks of the substances of interest or help monitoring the success of regulatory measures taken on the political level.

Endurance Exercise Intervention Is Beneficial to Kidney Function in a Rat Model of Isolated Abdominal Venous Congestion: a Pilot Study.

In this study, the effects of moderate intense endurance exercise on heart and kidney function and morphology were studied in a thoracic inferior vena cava constricted (IVCc) rat model of abdominal venous congestion. After IVC surgical constriction, eight sedentary male Sprague-Dawley IVCc rats (IVCc-SED) were compared to eight IVCc rats subjected to moderate intense endurance exercise (IVCc-MOD). Heart and kidney function was examined and renal functional reserve (RFR) was investigated by administering a high protein diet (HPD).

Exercise intervention in hospitalized heart failure patients, with emphasis on congestion-related complications: a review.

The importance of physical activity has become evident since a sedentary lifestyle drives cardiovascular disease progression and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The favorable effects of exercise training in chronic heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are widely recognized and exercise training is recommended by European and American guidelines. However, the application of exercise intervention in HF patients hospitalized for acute decompensation or acute worsening in cardiac function has not been explored extensively and, as a result, knowledge about the effects of exercise training in the inpatient setting of acute HF is limited.

Body surface area-based versus concentration-based intraperitoneal perioperative chemotherapy in a rat model of colorectal peritoneal surface malignancy: pharmacologic guidance towards standardization.

Worldwide, cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal perioperative chemotherapy (HIPEC) are used in current clinical practice for colorectal peritoneal surface malignancy (PSM) treatment. Although, there is an acknowledged standardization regarding the CRS, we are still lacking a much-needed standardization amongst the various intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy protocols, including the HIPEC dosing regimen. We should rely on pharmacologic evidence building towards such a standardization.

Current animal models for the study of congestion in heart failure: an overview.

Congestion (i.e., backward failure) is an important culprit mechanism driving disease progression in heart failure.

Selective abdominal venous congestion induces adverse renal and hepatic morphological and functional alterations despite a preserved cardiac function.

Venous congestion is an important contributor to worsening renal function in heart failure and the cardiorenal syndrome. In patients, it is difficult to study the effects of isolated venous congestion on organ function. In this study, the consequences of isolated abdominal venous congestion on morphology and function of the kidneys, liver and heart were studied in a rat model.

Selective abdominal venous congestion to investigate cardiorenal interactions in a rat model.

Abdominal congestion may play an important role in the cardiorenal syndrome and has been demonstrated to drive disease progression. An animal model for abdominal congestion, without other culprit mechanisms that are often present in patients such as low cardiac output or chronic kidney disease, might be interesting to allow a better study of the pathophysiology of the cardiorenal syndrome. The objective of this study was to develop a clinically relevant and valid rat model with abdominal venous congestion and without pre-existing heart and/or kidney dysfunction.

Endovascular shedding markers in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: Results from a single-center exploratory study.

Background: Endothelial glycocalyx degradation has been associated with multiple pathophysiological processes in cardiovascular disease.

Aims: To explore the role of glycocalyx shedding markers in pathophysiology of HFrEF.

Methods: In 123 HFrEF patients, the concentration, prognostic value, and association of glycocalyx shedding markers with other disease processes were investigated.