Real Clinical Effectiveness of Molnupiravir Against 30-day Mortality Among 74 541 SARS-CoV-2-Positive Patients: A Nationwide Cohort Study From the Czech Republic.

Background: We examined the clinical effectiveness of molnupiravir in reducing deaths in a real-world cohort of adult patients with COVID-19 during the Omicron outbreak.

Methods: This was a population-wide retrospective cohort study in the Czech Republic. We analyzed all 74 541 patients with an officially registered diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection between 1 January and 31 December 2022, aged 18 years or older, treated with molnupiravir.

Cangrelor versus crushed ticagrelor in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock: rationale and design of the randomised, double-blind DAPT-SHOCK-AMI trial.

Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a devastating and fatal complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). CS can affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of medications. The unique properties of cangrelor make it the optimal P2Y12 inhibitor for CS-AMI, in terms of both efficacy and safety.

Prediction of non-resectability in tubo-ovarian cancer patients using Peritoneal Cancer Index - A prospective multicentric study using imaging (ISAAC study).

Background: The aim was to evaluate the performance of the Peritoneal Cancer Index (PCI) using imaging (ultrasound, contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), and whole-body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (WB-DWI/MRI) in assessing peritoneal carcinomatosis and predicting non-resectability in tubo-ovarian carcinoma patients.

Methods: This was a prospective multicenter observational study. We considered all patients with suspected primary ovarian/tubal/peritoneal cancer who underwent preoperative ultrasound, CT, and WB-DWI/MRI (if available).

Preoperative electrocardiogram in prediction of 90-day postoperative mortality: retrospective cohort study.

Background: There are conflicting data on the relationship between preoperative electrocardiogram and postoperative mortality. We aimed to assess the predictive value of preoperative ECG on postoperative all-cause mortality in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery (NCS).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of hospitalized patients who underwent an internal preoperative examination and subsequent NCS in the years 2015-2021.

Diabetes mellitus in stable chronic heart failure and the combination with humoral activation, their association, and prediction of 2-year adverse outcomes. Data from the FAR NHL registry.

Background/aim: The study aims to describe the role of diabetes in patients with heart failure.

Methods: In all, 1052 chronic heart failure patients were included in the FARmacology and NeuroHumoral Activation (FAR NHL) multicenter prospective registry. They had ejection fraction below 50% and were on stable medication for at least 1 month.

Proenkephalin improves cardio-renal risk prediction in acute coronary syndromes: the KID-ACS score.

Background And Aims: Circulating proenkephalin (PENK) is a stable endogenous polypeptide with fast response to glomerular dysfunction and tubular damage. This study examined the predictive value of PENK for renal outcomes and mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods: Proenkephalin was measured in plasma in a prospective multicentre ACS cohort from Switzerland (n = 4787) and in validation cohorts from the UK (n = 1141), Czechia (n = 927), and Germany (n = 220).

Deaths with COVID-19 and from all-causes following first-ever SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals with preexisting mental disorders: A national cohort study from Czechia.

Background: Evidence suggests reduced survival rates following Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in people with preexisting mental disorders, especially psychotic disorders, before the broad introduction of vaccines. It remains unknown whether this elevated mortality risk persisted at later phases of the pandemic and when accounting for the confounding effect of vaccination uptake and clinically recorded physical comorbidities.

Methods And Findings: We used data from Czech national health registers to identify first-ever serologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections in 5 epochs related to different phases of the pandemic: 1st March 2020 to 30th September 2020, 1st October 2020 to 26th December 2020, 27th December 2020 to 31st March 2021, 1st April 2021 to 31st October 2021, and 1st November 2021 to 29th February 2022.

Trends in the representation of specialties caring for patients with diabetes in the Czech Republic.

The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to the differentiation of the registration of diabetics in individual specialties. Objective of this paper was the evaluation of changes in the representation of expertise providing care for patients with DM (pDM) in the Czech Republic, based on data analysis from the National Register of Paid Health Services (NRHZS) 2010-2021. In the entire pDM group, the number of patients treated by a diabetologist (DIA) increased from 491,490 (57.

Prediction of nonresectability using the updated Predictive Index value model assessed by imaging and surgery in tubo-ovarian cancer: a prospective multicenter ISAAC study.

Background: A laparoscopy-based scoring system was developed by Fagotti et al (Fagotti or Predictive Index value (PIV)score) based on the intraoperative presence or absence of carcinomatosis on predefined sites. Later, the authors updated the PIV score calculated only in the absence of one or both absolute criteria of nonresectability (mesenteric retraction and miliary carcinomatosis of the small bowel) (updated PIV model).

Objective: The aim was to demonstrate the noninferiority of ultrasound to other imaging methods (contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) and whole-body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (WB-DWI)/MRI) in predicting nonresectable tumor (defined as residual disease >1 cm) using the updated PIV model in patients with tubo-ovarian cancer.

Sentinel lymph node pathological ultrastaging: Final outcome of the Sentix prospective international study in patients with early-stage cervical cancer.

Objective: To report the outcome of SLN staging in the SENTIX international prospective trial of SLN biopsy in patients with cervical cancer with an intensive ultrastaging protocol and central quality control and to evaluate how the intensity of pathological assessment correlates with metastatic detection rate in SLNs.

Methods: Eligible were patients with stages T1a1/LVSI+ to T1b2 (<4 cm, ≤2 cm for fertility sparing), common tumor types, no suspicious lymph nodes on imaging, and bilateral SLN detection. SLNs were examined intraoperatively and processed by an intensive protocol for ultrastaging (paraffin blocks sectioned completely in 150-μm intervals/levels).

Long-term trajectory of renal dysfunction and related risk factors in patients with apparently treatment-resistant and non-resistant arterial hypertension.

Evidence suggests that renal function increasingly deteriorates in patients with apparently treatment-resistant hypertension (ATRH) in comparison with those who have non-resistant arterial hypertension (NAH). We aimed to assess the long-term decline in renal function between these patient groups and identify specific risk factors contributing to the progression of renal dysfunction. Data for 265 patients with ATRH and NAH in a hypertension excellence centre were retrospectively evaluated.

Evaluation of viscoelastic parameters and photo-based assessment of newly developed dermal substitutes modified with thermostabilized fibroblast growth factor 2.

Background: The purpose of dermal substitutes is to mimic the basic properties of the extracellular matrix of human skin. The application of dermal substitutes to the defect reduces the formation of hypertrophic scars and improves the scar quality. This study aims to develop an original dermal substitute enriched with stable fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2-STAB®) and test it in an animal model.

Cartilage tympanoplasty for retraction pocket of the tympanic membrane in children.

Background: Retraction pocket (RP) of the tympanic membrane (TM) is a common pathology in children that can cause ossicular chain erosion, cholesteatoma formation, and potentially life-threatening complications of cholesteatoma. This study assessed the functional and anatomical results of cartilage grafting in children with severe RP of the TM.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of 212 children from a tertiary referral center.

Clinical characteristics and mortality in all Czech patients after pacemaker implantation in the last decade.

Background And Aims: Analysis of mortality from the national health registries and data from a specific central registry dealing with the implantation of pacemakers (REPACE) in Czech patients.

Methods And Results: Retrospective observational analysis of pacemakers' implantation in all Czech patients [=82,791; 47,070 (56.9%) men, 75.

Serum concentrations of proinflammatory biomarker interleukin-6 (IL-6) as a predictor of postoperative complications after elective colorectal surgery.

Background: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the role of serum IL-6 as a potential predictive biomarker of postoperative complications (POC) in elective colorectal surgery.

Method: A total of 115 patients underwent colorectal surgery for malignancy. IL-6 was measured on the first and third postoperative days (POD1, POD3), and C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured on the POD3.

RETRO-POPE: A Retrospective, Multicenter, Real-World Study of All-Cause Mortality in COPD.

Purpose: The Phenotypes of COPD in Central and Eastern Europe (POPE) study assessed the prevalence and clinical characteristics of four clinical COPD phenotypes, but not mortality. This retrospective analysis of the POPE study (RETRO-POPE) investigated the relationship between all-cause mortality and patient characteristics using two grouping methods: clinical phenotyping (as in POPE) and Burgel clustering, to better identify high-risk patients.

Patients And Methods: The two largest POPE study patient cohorts (Czech Republic and Serbia) were categorized into one of four clinical phenotypes (acute exacerbators [with/without chronic bronchitis], non-exacerbators, asthma-COPD overlap), and one of five Burgel clusters based on comorbidities, lung function, age, body mass index (BMI) and dyspnea (very severe comorbid, very severe respiratory, moderate-to-severe respiratory, moderate-to-severe comorbid/obese, and mild respiratory).

Efficacy of the intranasal application of azaperone for sedation in weaned piglets.

The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of the intranasal and parenteral administration of azaperone in order to achieve pig sedation. A total of 32 weaned piglets divided into 4 groups (8 piglets in each group) were used. Group A was injected intramuscularly (i.

Can variants, reinfection, symptoms and test types affect COVID-19 diagnostic performance? A large-scale retrospective study of AG-RDTs during circulation of Delta and Omicron variants, Czechia, December 2021 to February 2022.

BackgroundThe sensitivity and specificity of selected antigen detection rapid diagnostic tests (AG-RDTs) for SARS-CoV-2 were determined in the unvaccinated population when the Delta variant was circulating. Viral loads, dynamics, symptoms and tissue tropism differ between Omicron and Delta.AimWe aimed to compare AG-RDT sensitivity and specificity in selected subgroups during Omicron vs Delta circulation.

Challenges in prospective observational studies evaluating pressure ulcer costs: how to price the items correctly.

Objective: Pressure ulcers (PUs) are a significant healthcare problem with a negative impact on patients' quality of life and incurring substantial healthcare expenses. Our study aimed to analyse the costs of treating PUs in hospitalised patients in the Czech Republic, in the context of current treatment procedures and price levels, and to pilot-test the detailed methodology developed.

Method: A prospective, observational, non-interventional study was conducted at the Clinic of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Medicine, the Internal Medicine Department and the Surgical Department of the University Hospital Ostrava.

Outcomes of patients with myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock treated with culprit vessel-only versus multivessel primary PCI.

Introduction And Objectives: Multivessel primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) is still often used in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and cardiogenic shock (CS). The study aimed to compare the characteristics and prognosis of patients with CS-STEMI and multivessel coronary disease (MVD) treated with culprit vessel-only pPCI or multivessel-pPCI during the initial procedure.

Material And Methods: From 2016 to 2020, 23,703 primary PCI patients with STEMI were included in a national all-comers registry of cardiovascular interventions.