Bioequivalence of a New Pediatric Paracetamol Oral Suspension Compared With a Marketed Formulation in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Open-Label Study.

Background: A new oral paracetamol formulation with the same paracetamol quantity (24 mg/mL) as a marketed formulation but with finer active ingredient particle size and lower amounts of maltitol (5.85 g/dose in the test formulation vs 7.25 g/dose in the reference formulation) and sorbitol (2.

Unraveling the palindromic and nonpalindromic motifs of retroviral integration site sequences by statistical mixture models.

A weak palindromic nucleotide motif is the hallmark of retroviral integration site alignments. Given that the majority of target sequences are not palindromic, the current model explains the symmetry by an overlap of the nonpalindromic motif present on one of the half-sites of the sequences. Here, we show that the implementation of multicomponent mixture models allows for different interpretations consistent with the existence of both palindromic and nonpalindromic submotifs in the sets of integration site sequences.

Assessment of Incidence and Character of Neurologic/ Neuropsychiatric Complications in a Group of Patients with Malignant Melanoma Treated with Adjuvant High Dose Interferon.

Background: Authors describe the incidence and character of neurologic and neuropsychiatric complications - particularly depression and parkinsonism - during adjuvant treatment of malignant melanoma (MM) with high dose interferon (HDI). Among the most frequently observed side effects are fatigue, hematotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity. Most research has been directed at depression and parkinsonism because of the lack of literature concerning these complications.

Selected Risk Nutritional Factors for Chemotherapy-Induced Polyneuropathy.

The present study seeks to identify the nutritional risk factors involved in the development of neuropathies induced by chemotherapeutic treatments. Unlike the gastrointestinal or hematological adverse effects of chemotherapy there is no protective treatment strategy for polyneuropathy. The aim of this study was to find possible deficiencies in nutritional factors, which can be used for supplementation in the future for prevention of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy development.

Rapid and clinically significant response to masitinib in the treatment of mucosal primary esophageal melanoma with somatic KIT exon 11 mutation involving brain metastases: A case report.

Background: Malignant melanoma in the gastrointestinal tract may be primary or metastatic. Mucosal melanoma is a quite rare and aggressive disease, growing hidden and diagnosed with a certain delay which makes treatment difficult.

Case Report: The authors present the first patient with c-kit exon 11 mutated primary esophageal melanoma treated with oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor masitinib.

Kinetically guided neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy based on 5-Fluorouracil in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Background And Purpose: This study estimated patients' early response following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CHRT) of locally advanced rectal cancer based on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The target was to achieve pathological complete response (pCR; residual disease-free stage) and toxicities of grade ≤2, using individual dosing predicted according to the steady-state plasma concentration (C ss) and pharmacokinetic parameters of 5-FU: the area under the time-concentration curve at steady state (AUC) and clearance (CL).

Patients And Methods: This open-label prospective study enrolled 33 adult patients treated with 5-FU administered as a continuous intravenous infusion over 4-5 weeks, as follows: in Group 1a (N = 6), the patients received a standard dose of 300 mg/m(2)/24 h.

Predictors of irinotecan toxicity and efficacy in treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.

The colorectal cancer ranks high among the malignant tumours in incidence and mortality and irinotecan is standardly used in palliative treatment of metastatic disease in every therapeutic line. Unfortunately, the treatment with irinotecan is often associated with severe toxicities, especially neutropenia and diarrhea. The majority of the toxic manifestation is caused by the insufficient deactivation (glucuronidation) of irinotecan active metabolite SN-38 by UGT1A enzyme.

Computer-aided evaluation of screening mammograms based on local texture models.

We propose a new approach to diagnostic evaluation of screening mammograms based on local statistical texture models. The local evaluation tool has the form of a multivariate probability density of gray levels in a suitably chosen search window. First, the density function in the form of Gaussian mixture is estimated from data obtained by scanning of the mammogram with the search window.

Iterative principles of recognition in probabilistic neural networks.

When considering the probabilistic approach to neural networks in the framework of statistical pattern recognition we assume approximation of class-conditional probability distributions by finite mixtures of product components. The mixture components can be interpreted as probabilistic neurons in neurophysiological terms and, in this respect, the fixed probabilistic description contradicts the well known short-term dynamic properties of biological neurons. By introducing iterative schemes of recognition we show that some parameters of probabilistic neural networks can be "released" for the sake of dynamic processes without disturbing the statistically correct decision making.

Azole antimycotics differentially affect rifampicin-induced pregnane X receptor-mediated CYP3A4 gene expression.

Azole antifungal drug ketoconazole has recently been demonstrated as an inhibitor of a ligand-induced pregnane X receptor (PXR)-mediated transcriptional regulation of the CYP3A4 gene through disruption of PXR interaction with steroid receptor coactivator (SRC)-1. In contrast, other clotrimazole-derived antifungal agents are known as potent inducers of CYP3A4 through PXR. In the present study, we examined effects of azole antimycotics clotrimazole, ketoconazole, econazole, oxiconazole, miconazole, fluconazole, and itraconazole on PXR-mediated expression of CYP3A4.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of methotrexate in non-neoplastic diseases.

Low dose pulse methotrexate (LDMTX) therapy has become effective in the treatment of autoimmune and lymphoproliferative diseases. The pharmacokinetics of LDMTX is individually highly variable, resulting in a different systemic exposure to the drug and a variable therapeutic/toxic effect in patients. The improvements and exacerbations of disease activity in relation to the introductions and discontinuations of LDMTX therapy suggest the possible immunosuppresive and anti-inflammatory properties of the drug.