Percutaneous CT-guided Biopsy of Focal Liver Lesions - Long- term Experience with more than 300 Procedures.

Background And Aims: Despite the undeniable ongoing development of cross-sectional imaging methods, not all focal liver lesions (FLLs) have a typical pattern. An image-guided biopsy using a percutaneous approach might safely provide a final histological diagnosis of the FLLs. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy, efficiency, complication rate, technical features, and relationships between the followed parameters of computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous biopsies of FLLs using a retrospective approach.

Serum Citrulline and Ornithine: Potential Markers of Coeliac Disease Activity.

Introduction: To date, there is not generally accepted and universal indicator of activity, and functional integrity of the small intestine in patients with coeliac disease. The aim of our study was to investigate whether serum concentrations of the non-essential amino acids citrulline and ornithine might have this function.

Methods: We examined serum citrulline and ornithine concentrations in a subgroup of patients with proven coeliac disease and healthy controls (blood donors).

[Antithrombotic therapy and digestive endoscopy].

Antithrombotic therapy and digestive endoscopy Antithrombotic therapy comprises anticoagulation and antiplatelet treatment. The number of patients treated with various forms of antithrombotic therapy is growing. Procedures of digestive endoscopy are very frequently indicated by general practitioners and doctors of various specialisations.

[Early gastric cancer].

Early gastric cancer is defined histopathologically as a tumour with limited local progression to the mucosa and submucosa. The concept of early cancer was developed in the 1960s in Japan and is now widely accepted. The term of early gastric cancer included cases with/without metastatic lymph node involvement.

[A cirrhotic patient in an internal medicine ward].

Liver cirrhosis represents a common condition with substantial mortality. Manifestation and progression of ascites, hepatic encephalopathy or gastrointestinal bleeding are among main reasons for hospital admission. Infections represent another specific area in cirrhotic patients.

Gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach (GAPPS) - A Helicobacter-opposite point.

Gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach (GAPPS) is a rare familial gastric cancer syndrome with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. It is characterised by fundic gland polyposis of the gastric body and is associated with a significant risk of gastric adenocarcinoma. Unlike sporadic gastric cancer, Helicobacter pylori is usually absent in patients with GAPPS.

Bacteriocin production by mucosal bacteria in current and previous colorectal neoplasia.

Background: Optimal therapy for colorectal carcinoma (CRC), a frequently diagnosed malignancy, does not exist. Some of colicins and microcins, ribosomally synthesized peptides by gramnegative bacteria, have shown significant biological activity specifically against different cancer cells in vitro and in vivo conditions. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate natural colicin and microcin production by large intestinal mucosal bacteria in each stage of colorectal neoplasia and in those with a history of colorectal neoplasia.

[Familial adenomatous polyposis: complex patient management].

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a hereditary disease characterized by presence of numerous colorectal adenomas. It often exposes its carrier to absolute risk of colorectal cancer, but also to other extracolonic tumours (especially to duodenal cancer and desmoid). Screening and surveillance of FAP patients leads to reduction of colorectal cancer incidence and mortality.

Detection of cytomegalovirus DNA in fecal samples in the diagnosis of enterocolitis after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

Background: Cytomegalovirus enterocolitis is a rare but potentially life threatening complication after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Its early diagnosis and treatment are essential for a successful outcome.

Objective: To determine the potential benefit of fecal CMV DNA detection in the diagnosis of CMV colitis among stem cell transplant recipients.

Longitudinal molecular characterization of endoscopic specimens from colorectal lesions.

Aim: To compare molecular profiles of proximal colon, distal colon and rectum in large adenomas, early and late carcinomas. To assess feasibility of testing directed at molecular markers from this study in routine clinical practice.

Methods: A prospective 3-year study has resulted in the acquisition of samples from 159 large adenomas and 138 carcinomas along with associated clinical parameters including localization, grade and histological type for adenomas and localization and stage for carcinomas.

Gastric and Colorectal Metastases of Lobular Breast Carcinoma: A Case Report.

Background: Occurrence of gastric metastasis as the first symptom of breast carcinoma with a long period of latency before presentation of the primary breast carcinoma is rare.

Case Report: A patient with gastric metastasis as the first symptom of lobular breast carcinoma, treated by neoadjuvant preoperative chemoradiotherapy and total gastrectomy, with complete local control. Fourteen months after presentation of the gastric metastasis a primary lobular breast carcinoma was discovered, treated by radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hormonal treatment with complete local response.

Role of S100 Proteins in Colorectal Carcinogenesis.

The family of S100 proteins represents 25 relatively small (9-13 kD) calcium binding proteins. These proteins possess a broad spectrum of important intracellular and extracellular functions. Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in men (after lung and prostate cancer) and the second most frequent cancer in women (after breast cancer) worldwide.

Buried bumper syndrome: A complication of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a widely used method of nutrition delivery for patients with long-term insufficiency of oral intake. The PEG complication rate varies from 0.4% to 22.

Escherichia coli strains of phylogenetic group B2 and D and bacteriocin production are associated with advanced colorectal neoplasia.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common cancer worldwide and the Czech Republic has the 6th highest incidence of CRC worldwide. Large intestinal microbiota play in its etiopathogenesis important role. Bacteriocins are proteins, produced by bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family.

Cronkhite-Canada syndrome: review of the literature.

Cronkhite-Canada syndrome is a rare disease characterised by diffuse polyposis of the gastrointestinal tract, diarrhoea, weight loss, abdominal pain, cutaneous hyperpigmentation, dystrophic changes of fingernails, and alopecia. The etiology is probably autoimmune and diagnosis is based on history, physical examination, endoscopic findings of gastrointestinal polyposis, and histology. The disease is very rare; about 450 cases have been described in the literature so far.

Prevalence of hypercoagulable disorders in inflammatory bowel disease.

OBJECTIVE. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be associated with hypercoagulable disorders. Aim of this single-center, prospective study was an in-depth evaluation of acquired hypercoagulable states in IBD patients.

[Endoscopy simulator for training in digestive endoscopy].

This paper reports on a computer-based simulator (GI Mentor II) used for initial training in digestive endoscopy. The highly sophisticated apparatus employs real endoscopes and virtual accessories. The training programme starts with a group of exercises, specially designed to enhance eye-hand coordination.

Bacteriocinogeny in experimental pigs treated with indomethacin and Escherichia coli Nissle.

Aim: To evaluate bacteriocinogeny in short-term high-dose indomethacin administration with or without probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in experimental pigs.

Methods: Twenty-four pigs entered the study: Group A (controls), Group B (probiotics alone), Group C (indomethacin alone) and Group D (probiotics and indomethacin). EcN (3.

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome.

Human intestinal microbiota create a complex polymicrobial ecology. This is characterised by its high population density, wide diversity and complexity of interaction. Any dysbalance of this complex intestinal microbiome, both qualitative and quantitative, might have serious health consequence for a macro-organism, including small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO).