Ankle and foot deformities and malformations in proximal femoral focal deficiency.

Purpose: To describe foot abnormalities in proximal femoral focal deficiency and their correlation to the severity.

Methods: Eighty-nine extremities in 87 patients were evaluated between 1996 and 2020 clinically and radiologically. Fibula length, ankle shape, tarsal coalitions, and the number of foot rays were recorded.

Lengthening of the ulna by callotasis in children with multiple hereditary exostoses: comparison of methods with and without internal fixation.

Purpose: The goal of this retrospective study was to compare the gradual lengthening of the ulna in children with multiple hereditary exostoses with and without an elastic intramedullary nail.

Methods: Between 1998 to 2018, the ulna was lengthened in 28 forearms in 21 patients (aged 7.1 to 16.

Effects of the '11+ Kids' injury prevention programme on severe injuries in children's football: a secondary analysis of data from a multicentre cluster-randomised controlled trial.

Background: To assess the effects of the injury prevention programme '11+ Kids' on reducing severe injuries in 7 to 13 year old football (soccer) players.

Methods: Football clubs (under-9, under-11 and under-13 age groups) from the Czech Republic, Germany, the Netherlands and Switzerland were cluster-randomised (clubs) into an intervention (INT) and a control group (CON). INT replaced their usual warm-up by '11+ Kids' two times a week.

A Multinational Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial to Assess the Efficacy of '11+ Kids': A Warm-Up Programme to Prevent Injuries in Children's Football.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of a newly developed warm-up programme ('11+ Kids') regarding its potential to reduce injuries in children's football.

Methods: Children's football teams (under 9 years, under 11 years, and under 13 years age groups) from Switzerland, Germany, the Czech Republic and the Netherlands were invited. Clubs were randomised to an intervention group and a control group, and followed for one season.

Hereditary Multiple Exostoses: Clinical, Molecular and Radiologic Survey in 9 Families.

Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) represents a heterogeneous group of diseases often associated with progressive skeletal deformities. Most frequently, mutations in EXT1 and EXT2 genes with autosomal dominant inheritance are responsible for HME. In our group of 9 families with HME we evaluated the clinical course of the disease and analysed molecular background using Sanger sequencing and MLPA in EXT1 and EXT2 genes.

Soccer Injuries in Players Aged 7 to 12 Years: A Descriptive Epidemiological Study Over 2 Seasons.

Background: As part of a risk-management approach, sound epidemiological data are needed to develop prevention programs. A recent review on soccer injuries of players younger than 19 years concluded that prospective data concerning children are lacking.

Purpose: To analyze the incidence and characteristics of soccer injuries in children aged 7 to 12 years.

Lesion of gluteal nerves and muscles in total hip arthroplasty through 3 surgical approaches. An electromyographically controlled study.

Purpose: Three surgical approaches in total hip arthroplasty (THA) were compared concerning: 1) clinical and radiological results; 2) innervation of the tensor fasciae latae and gluteal muscles; 3) clinical outcome of the nerve lesions; 4) sensitivity of the EMG analysis.

Methods: A total of 70 patients aged 39-79 years were evaluated clinically and electromyographically before and 3-9 months after THA in 2 centres using the anterolateral approach in 22, transgluteal approach in 33 and posterior approach in 15 patients, respectively.

Results: 1) Hip flexion, external rotation and Trendelenburg lurch were reduced and the centre of the rotation was higher after the anterolateral approach.

Proteomic analysis of the extracellular matrix in idiopathic pes equinovarus.

Idiopathic pes equinovarus is a congenital deformity of the foot and lower leg defined as a fixation of the foot in adduction, supination, and varus. Although the pathogenesis of clubfoot remains unclear, it has been suggested that fibroblasts and growth factors are involved. To directly analyze the protein composition of the extracellular matrix in contracted tissue of patients with clubfoot.

Reconstruction of elbow flexion in arthrogryposis multiplex congenita type I: results of transfer of pectoralis major muscle with follow-up at skeletal maturity.

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the results of a pectoralis major transfer to restore active elbow flexion in patients with extension elbow contracture in arthrogryposis. The hypotheses were: (1) this transfer ensures permanent useful elbow flexion; and (2) flexion elbow deformity will not progress during growth and after its cessation.

Methods: Unipolar transfer of the 3 distal parts of the pectoralis major muscle was used in 9 extremities of 5 patients (age range, 5 to 9 y; average age, 6.

Surgical treatment of lumbar spondylodiscitis: a comparison of two methods.

Purpose: This study evaluates two basic hypotheses: (1) the risk of an isolated dorsal approach to ventral lumbar spondylodiscitis based on clinical and radiographic results and (2) the risk of anterior radical debridement due to using a titanium implant in the site of bone infection.

Methods: Group A consisting of 23 patients was treated only by a dorsal transmuscular approach and group B consisting of eight patients was treated by two-stage posteroanterior surgery. Both evaluated groups were assessed before surgery, six weeks and one year after surgery with the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, visual analogue scale (VAS) and Kirkaldy-Willis functional criteria.

The influence of triple pelvic osteotomy on birth canal size.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of triple pelvic osteotomy on the internal pelvic dimensions and thus on the potential for normal vaginal delivery.

Methods: Data were acquired by processing fixed anatomical specimens of 19 female pelves with maintained sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments after unilateral and bilateral osteotomy, respectively. The specimens were measured and x-ray images and photographs were taken.

Muscle transfers in children and adults improve external rotation in cases of obstetrical brachial plexus paralysis: a comparative study.

Purpose: Latissimus dorsi and teres major transfers to the lateral side of the humerus with lengthening of the pectoralis major and subscapularis muscles for residual shoulder deformity were compared in children and skeletally mature patients.

Methods: Fifteen patients (nine children, six skeletally mature patients aged three to 30 years, follow-up one to 22 years) were treated for internal shoulder contracture after birth plexus lesions: C5-C6 (seven patients); C5-7 (five patients); C5-C8-T1 (three patients, respectively). Range of movement, Mallet shoulder function score and radiographs were assessed.

Comparison of the short-term and long-term results of the Ponseti method in the treatment of idiopathic pes equinovarus.

Purpose: Congenital club foot is one of the most common birth defects involving the musculoskeletal system. At present two methods are used for the treatment of this deformity: French and Ponseti method. The purpose of this study was to compare the short-term (up to three years) and long-term (three to seven years) results of treatment with the Ponseti method.

Anteromedial wedge reduction osteotomy for the treatment of femoral head deformities.

Aspherical femoral head deformity has poor a prognosis which can lead to early arthritic changes in young adults. The intraartricular anteromedial wedge reduction osteotomy restores sphericity of the femoral head.
We performed seven anteromedial wedge reduction osteotomies.

Cruciate ligaments in proximal femoral focal deficiency: arthroscopic assessment.

Background: Because there is limited information concerning the cruciate ligaments in proximal femoral focal deficiency, knee arthroscopy was used to identify the changes of cruciate ligaments and their relation to the different types of this deficiency.

Methods: Knee arthroscopy was performed in 21 consecutive patients with deficiency types III, IV, VII-IX using the Pappas classification. A new classification of the knee was created.

Computed tomographic angiography in proximal femoral focal deficiency.

Background: Because there is limited information concerning the vascular pattern and the role of vessels in patients with proximal femoral focal deficiency, the vascular supply of the lower extremities was studied systematically with use of computed tomographic angiography in order to identify vascular changes, relate any vascular changes to the classification of the deficiency, and establish that there are no major changes in the topographical anatomy of the vessels.

Methods: Standardized computed tomographic techniques were used in twenty-one patients (thirteen boys and eight girls who ranged from one to nineteen years old) with proximal femoral focal deficiency types I through IV and VII, VIII, and IX, according to the Pappas classification.

Results: A common anatomical vascular pattern, in which the hypoplastic extremity was supplied through the femoral artery, was detected in nineteen patients.

Reconstruction of elbow flexion in arthrogryposis multiplex congenita type I. Part I: surgical anatomy and vascular and nerve supply of the pectoralis major muscle as a basis for muscle transfer.

Purpose: The anatomy and neurovascular supply of the pectoralis major muscle was studied in order to establish the safe and functional muscle transfer for the reconstruction of elbow flexion in patients with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC).

Methods: Twenty pectoralis major muscles were dissected in 11 adult cadavers. The distribution of the motor end plates was studied in five pectoralis major muscles in foetuses by the detection of esterases.

Pelvic osteotomy in the neurogenic unstable hip.

Background. The purpose of our study was to evaluate treatment outcome in pelvic osteotomy for neurogenic hip instability, mainly in combination with soft tissue procedures, open reduction in dislocated hips, and proximal femoral osteotomy. Material and methods.