Role of Non-Binding T63 Alteration in IL-18 Binding.

Engineered interleukin-18 (IL-18) has attracted interest as a cytokine-based treatment. However, knowledge-based mutagenesis of IL-18 has been reported for only a few regions of the protein structures, including binding sites I and II. When coupled with the binding region mutant (E6K), the non-binding residue of IL-18, Thr63 (T63), has been shown to increase the flexibility of the binding loop.

Trypsin from digestive tract of harpiosquillid mantis shrimp: Molecular characteristics and the inhibition by chitooligosaccharide and its catechin conjugate.

Trypsin from the digestive tract of harpiosquillid mantis shrimp (HMS) was purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation and a soybean trypsin inhibitor-CNBr-activated Sepharose 4B affinity column. The purified trypsin (PTRP-HMS) had a purity of 30.4-fold, and a yield of 14.

Properties of Antioxidant Film Based on Protein Isolate and Seed Coat Extract from Bambara Groundnut.

Bambara groundnut (BG)-based films containing seed coat extract at different concentrations were prepared and characterized. BG seed coat extract (BGSCE) had a total phenolic content of 708.38 mg GAE/g dry extract.

Bio-Calcium from Skipjack Tuna Frame Attenuates Bone Loss in Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis Rats.

Bio-calcium derived from fish frames may offer several advantages for osteoporosis prevention. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of bio-calcium derived from skipjack tuna frames on bone loss in ovariectomized rats. Tuna bio-calcium was prepared through enzymatic hydrolysis, defatting, bleaching, and grinding processes.

Chemical Compositions and Characteristics of Biocalcium from Pre-Cooked Tuna Bone as Influenced by Sodium Chloride Pretreatment and Defatting by Asian Seabass Lipase.

Pre-cooked bone is a waste product generated during tuna processing and can serve as a potential source of biocalcium (BC). Generally, non-collagenous protein and fat must be removed properly from bone. A NaCl solution can be used to remove such proteins, while fish lipase can be used in a green process, instead of solvent, for fat removal.

Impact of high-pressure processing on hemolymph, color, lipid globular structure and oxidation of the edible portion of blood clams.

Impact of high-pressure processing (HP-P) on hemolymph and lipid globular structures of the edible portion (EP) of blood clams (BC) was investigated. HP-P above 400 MPa decreased heme iron content, while upsurged non-heme iron content. Increasing pressure induced gaps and abnormal hemocyte cell arrangements.

Comparative Study of Quercetin and Hyperoside: Antimicrobial Potential towards Food Spoilage Bacteria, Mode of Action and Molecular Docking.

The antibacterial activities of quercetin and hyperoside were evaluated towards two major spoilage bacteria in fish, (PA) and (SP). Hyperoside showed a lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) towards both spoilage bacteria, PA and SP, than quercetin. Cell membrane morphology was affected when treated with hyperoside and quercetin.

Chitooligosaccharide and Its Derivatives: Potential Candidates as Food Additives and Bioactive Components.

Chitooligosaccharide (CHOS), a depolymerized chitosan, can be prepared via physical, chemical, and enzymatic hydrolysis, or a combination of these techniques. The superior properties of CHOS have attracted attention as alternative additives or bioactive compounds for various food and biomedical applications. To increase the bioactivities of a CHOS, its derivatives have been prepared via different methods and were characterized using various analytical methods including FTIR and NMR spectroscopy.

Multiplex PCR-Lateral Flow Dipstick Method for Detection of Thermostable Direct Hemolysin () Producing .

is usually found in seafood and causes acute gastroenteritis in humans. Therefore, a detection method of pathogenic is necessary. Multiplex PCR combined with lateral flow dipstick (LFD) assay was developed to detect pathogenic .

Proteome Analysis of the Antiproliferative Activity of the Novel Chitooligosaccharide-Gallic Acid Conjugate against the SW620 Colon Cancer Cell Line.

Chitooligosaccharide (COS) and gallic acid (GA) are natural compounds with anti-cancer properties, and their conjugate (COS-GA) has several biological activities. Herein, the anti-cancer activity of COS-GA in SW620 colon cancer cells was investigated. MTT assay was used to evaluate cell viability after treatment with 62.

Molecular Subtyping in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer on Predicting Survival and Response of Treatment.

Molecular classifications for urothelial bladder cancer appear to be promising in disease prognostication and prediction. This study investigated the novel molecular subtypes of muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Tumor samples and normal tissues of MIBC patients were submitted for transcriptome sequencing.

Use of Tuna Visceral Pepsin in Combination with Trypsin as Digestion Aid: Enhanced Protein Hydrolysis and Bioavailability.

Freeze-dried tuna pepsin powder (TPP) was prepared using maltodextrin (10%) and trehalose (5%), while trypsin-loaded beads (TLB) with 5% glycerol were obtained via chitosan/alginate ionotropic gelation. The storage stability of TPP and TLB and their proteolytic activity toward red kidney bean protein (RKB), threadfin bream surimi (TBS) and egg white protein (EWP) in varying simulated gastrointestinal (GI) tract conditions were studied. The intestinal transepithelial transportation of generated peptides was also carried out through Caco-2 cell monolayers after the cytotoxicity test.

Isolates from Asian Green Mussel: Molecular Characteristics, Virulence and Their Inhibition by Chitooligosaccharide-Tea Polyphenol Conjugates.

Fifty isolates of were tested for pathogenicity, biofilm formation, motility, and antibiotic resistance. Antimicrobial activity of chitooligosaccharide (COS)-tea polyphenol conjugates against all isolates was also studied. Forty-three isolates were randomly selected from 520 isolates from Asian green mussel () grown on CHROMagar Vibrio agar plate.

Development of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assays for the Rapid Authentication of Three Swimming Crab Species.

Blue swimming crab meat is easily adulterated by other crab meats with a lower price. A potential authentication method is required to prevent mislabeling. LAMP assays were established to identify the meat of blue swimming crab, crucifix crab, and three spotted swimming crab.

Surface cysteine to serine substitutions in IL-18 reduce aggregation and enhance activity.

Background: Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is prone to form multimers resulting in inactive aggregates, making this cytokine unstable for clinical use. Therefore, mutations have been introduced into recombinant IL-18 to overcome this issue.

Methods: To prevent the formation of disulfide bonds between the IL-18 molecules, multiple mutations targeting surface cysteines (C38, C68, C76, and C127) were introduced into our previously modified human IL-18 double mutant E6K+T63A (IL-18 DM) by direct gene synthesis.

In Silico Prediction of Cross-Reactive Epitopes of Tropomyosin from Shrimp and Other Arthropods Involved in Allergy.

Tropomyosin in shellfish is considered a major cross-reactive allergen in house dust mites and cockroaches; however, the specific epitopes have not been elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the consensus antigenic determinant among shrimp, house dust mites, and cockroaches using in silico methods. The protein sequences of tropomyosin, including Der f 10, Mac r 1, Pen a 1, Pen m 1, Per a 7, and Bla g 7, were retrieved from the UniProt database.

Computational discovery of binding mode of anti-TRBC1 antibody and predicted key amino acids of TRBC1.

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that progresses aggressively with poor survival rate. CAR T cell targeting T-cell receptor β-chain constant domains 1 (TRBC1) of malignant T cells has been developed recently by using JOVI.1 monoclonal antibody as a template.

The attenuation effect of low piperine extract on doxorubicin-induced toxicity of blood chemical and immunological properties in mammary tumour rats.

Context: Many natural extracts have been shown to minimize the toxicity of doxorubicin (Dox). Low piperine L. (Piperaceae) extract (PFPE) is a natural extract containing many types of antioxidants that may reduce Dox toxicities.

Impact of immunohistochemistry-based subtyping of GATA3, CK20, CK5/6, and CK14 expression on survival after radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Molecular subtyping of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) predicts disease progression and treatment response. However, standard subtyping based on transcriptomic analysis is relatively expensive. This study tried to use immunohistochemistry (IHC) to subtype MIBC based on GATA3, CK20, CK5/6, and CK14 protein expression.

Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and In Silico Studies of New Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Based on Quinoxaline Scaffold.

A quinoxaline scaffold exhibits various bioactivities in pharmacotherapeutic interests. In this research, twelve quinoxaline derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as new acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. We found all compounds showed potent inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with IC values of 0.

Serum β-2 microglobulin levels are associated with distant metastasis in patients with breast cancer.

Serum β-2 microglobulin (β2-M) levels have been identified to be higher in patients with cancer than in healthy individuals. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between serum β2-M levels and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with breast cancer in a prospective cohort study, and to evaluate the effect of β2-M on cancer cell migration . Serum samples from 200 female patients with histologically confirmed invasive breast cancer were collected between 2017 and 2019.

Low Piperine Fractional Piper nigrum Extract Enhanced the Antitumor Immunity via Regulating the Th1/Th2/Treg Cell Subsets on NMU-Induced Tumorigenesis Rats.

Cancer is one of the major causes of death worldwide. In addition to standard regimens, tumor suppression ability has been demonstrated in many types of natural products, including , or black pepper. In previous reports, we demonstrated the antitumor effect of low piperine fractional extract and .

Anti-cancer effect of engineered recombinant interleukin 18.

Background: Interleukin 18 (IL-18) is an inflammatory cytokine belonging to the interleukin 1 (IL-1) superfamily, and is known for its role in anti-cancer activity by promoting type 1 immune response, and thus may be applied to cancer immunotherapy. Our previous report has showed 16 times higher activity of engineered E6K+T63A IL-18 than of native IL-18 in vitro. However, no data has been acquired for its anti-cancer effect in animal model.

Atomistic insight and modeled elucidation of conessine towards efflux pump.

Drug-resistant efflux pump extrudes antibiotics from cells for survival. Efflux pump inhibitor (EPI) thus becomes an interesting alternative to handle the drug-resistant bacteria. Conessine, a natural steroidal alkaloid from , previously exhibited efflux pump inhibitory potential.