Risk Factors and Management of Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula Following Pancreaticoduodenectomy: Single-center Experience.

Pancreatic fistula (PF) remains the most frequent complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). This study was undertaken to explore the risk factors of postoperative PF following PD and discuss the management of PF in our center. A single-center respective study, involving 241 patients who underwent PD between September 2015 and June 2018, was conducted.

High risk factors of pancreatic carcinoma.

Over the past decades, cancer has become one of the toughest challenges for health professionals. The epidemiologists are increasingly directing their research efforts on various malignant tumor worldwide. Of note, incidence of cancers is on the rise more quickly in developed countries.

Minimally invasive percutaneous catheter drainage versus open laparotomy with temporary closure for treatment of abdominal compartment syndrome in patients with early-stage severe acute pancreatitis.

This study aimed to examine the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) versus open laparotomy with temporary closure in the treatment of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) in patients with early-stage severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Clinical data of 212 patients who underwent PCD and 61 patients who were given open laparotomy with temporary closure in our hospital over the last 10-year period were retrospectively analyzed, and outcomes were compared, including total and post-decompression intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stays, physiological data, organ dysfunction, complications, and mortality. The results showed that the organ dysfunction scores were similar between the PCD and open laparotomy groups 72 h after decompression.

Etiology, pathology, management and prognosis of chronic pancreatitis in Chinese population: A retrospective study.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the etiology, pathological characteristics, management and prognosis of chronic pancreatitis in the Chinese population. The clinical data of 142 patients with chronic pancreatitis were retrospectively studied. All patients were of Chinese nationality and hospitalized from January 2008 to December 2011.

Heparin inhibits the inflammatory response induced by LPS and HMGB1 by blocking the binding of HMGB1 to the surface of macrophages.

High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), a nuclear non-histone DNA-binding protein, is secreted extracellularly during inflammation and is a late mediator of inflammatory responses. The pro-inflammatory activity of recombinant HMGB1 proteins is dependent upon the formation of complexes with other mediators, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This study investigated the influence of heparin on LPS+HMGB1-mediated inflammatory responses in cultured macrophages and a murine sepsis model.

Surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis in young patients.

The main treatment strategies for chronic pancreatitis in young patients include therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP) intervention and surgical intervention. Therapeutic ERCP intervention is performed much more extensively for its minimally invasive nature, but a part of patients are referred to surgery at last. Historical and follow-up data of 21 young patients with chronic pancreatitis undergoing duodenum-preserving total pancreatic head resection were analyzed to evaluate the outcomes of therapeutic ERCP intervention and surgical intervention in this study.

Overexpression of membrane-type 2 matrix metalloproteinase induced by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in pancreatic cancer: Implications for tumor progression and prognosis.

Membrane-type 2 matrix metalloproteinase (MT2-MMP) has been identified as a powerful modulator of the pericellular environment that promotes tumor invasion and metastasis. In this study, we investigated the association of MT2-MMP and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression in pancreatic cancer with regard to their clinical prognostic significance. Of the tissue specimens obtained from the 78 patients included in this study, 46 (59%) were found to be positive for MT2-MMP immunostaining and MT2-MMP expression was colocalized with HIF-1α in pancreatic cancer.

[Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway is critical for survival and proliferation of pancreatic cancer stem-like side population cells].

Objective: To isolate and identify the side population (SP) cells in pancreatic cancer and investigate the role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/mTOR) pathway in the survival and proliferation of them.

Methods: Pancreatic cancer cell of the lines PANC-1, BXPC-3, ASPC-1, PC-3, and SW-1990 were cultured. Hoechst 33432 staining and fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) were used to sort the SP cells.

Delayed ethyl pyruvate therapy attenuates experimental severe acute pancreatitis via reduced serum high mobility group box 1 levels in rats.

Aim: To investigate the effect of delayed ethyl pyruvate (EP) delivery on distant organ injury, survival time and serum high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) levels in rats with experimental severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

Methods: A SAP model was induced by retrograde injection of artificial bile into the pancreatic ducts of rats. Animals were divided randomly into three groups (n = 32 in each group): sham group, SAP group and delayed EP treatment group.

Differentiation of CD24- pancreatic ductal cell-derived cells into insulin-secreting cells.

Pancreatic progenitor cells represent both a potential source of transplantable islets for the treatment of diabetes and a valuable instrument for the investigation of the tumorigenesis of pancreatic carcinoma. It has been reported that pancreatic ductal cells of adults have the characteristics of pancreatic progenitors, but whether these cells can generate endocrine cells requires verification. Here, the differentiation of daughter cells of CD24(-) pancreatic ductal cells into insulin-secreting cells in vitro is reported.

Persistence of side population cells with high drug efflux capacity in pancreatic cancer.

Aim: To investigate the persistence of side population (SP) cells in pancreatic cancer and their role and mechanism in the drug resistance.

Methods: The presentation of side population cells in pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 and its proportion change when cultured with Gemcitabine, was detected by Hoechst 33342 staining and FACS analysis. The expression of ABCB1 and ABCG2 was detected by real-time PCR in either SP cells or non-SP cells.

[Expression of sonic hedgehog, EGFR and PCNA proteins in pancreatic cancer and their correlations to cell proliferation].

Background & Objective: Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway is important for modulating cellular interaction in the development of mammalian embryo. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is an indicator of cell proliferation.

In vitro pancreas duodenal homeobox-1 enhances the differentiation of pancreatic ductal epithelial cells into insulin-producing cells.

Aim: To observe whether pancreatic and duodenal homeobox factor-1 enhances the differentiation of pancreatic ductal epithelial cells into insulin-producing cells in vitro.

Methods: Rat pancreatic tissue was submitted to digestion by collegenase, ductal epithelial cells were separated by density gradient centrifugation and then cultured in RPMI1640 medium with 10% fetal bovine serum. After 3-5 passages, the cells were incubated in a six-well plate for 24 h before transfection of recombination plasmid XlHbox8VP16.

PDX-1 expression and proliferation of duct epithelial cells after partial pancreatectomy in rats.

Background: The pancreas has a strong regeneration potential in mammals. Previous studies suggested that pancreas regeneration is correlated with proliferation and differentiation of pancreatic stem cells, but the field of pancreatic stem cells is still in its infancy. This study was undertaken to detect the expression of pancreas/duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1) and proliferation of pancreatic duct epithelial cells in remnant pancreas during regeneration after partial pancreatectomy in rats, and characterize the source of pancreatic stem cells.

Blockade of sonic hedgehog signal pathway enhances antiproliferative effect of EGFR inhibitor in pancreatic cancer cells.

Aim: To investigate the expression of sonic hedgehog (SHH) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signal molecules in pancreatic cancer cells, and to assess the inhibitory effects through the blockade of the SHH and EGFR signaling pathways by cyclopamine and Iressa, respectively.

Methods: The expression of SHH and EGFR in pancreatic cancer cell lines (PANC-1, SUIT-2, and ASPC-1) was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. After treatment with different concentrations of cyclopamine, alone or in combination with Iressa, the antiproliferative effect on pancreatic cancer cells was analyzed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assays.

Pancreas duodenal homeobox-1 expression and significance in pancreatic cancer.

Aim: To study the correlations of Pancreas duodenal homeobox-1 with pancreatic cancer characteristics, including pathological grading, TNM grading, tumor metastasis and tumor cell proliferation.

Methods: Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect PDX-1 mRNA expression in pancreatic cancer tissue and normal pancreatic tissue. The expression of PDX-1 protein was measured by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.

[Indication and choice of operation technique for duodenum-preserving resection of pancreatic head: 22 cases reports].

Objective: To analyze the indication and choice of operation technique for duodenum-preserving resection of pancreatic head.

Methods: The Clinical material of the 22 patients who received duodenum-preserving resection of pancreatic head (DPPHR) from January 2001 to January 2006 was analyzed. Of the 22 cases, 8 cases presented with mucinous cystadenoma, 2 cases with mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, 4 cases with solid-pseudopapillary tumors, 2 cases with pancreatic endocrine tumors, 4 cases with chronic pancreatitis, 1 case with lymph epidermis cyst, 1 case with serous cystadenoma.

[Clinical significance of the expression of MUC4 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of pancreatic cancer patients].

Objective: To explore the expression and clinical significance of MUC4 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of pancreatic cancer patients.

Methods: The expression of MUC4 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of pancreatic cancer patients were detected with reverse transcription realtime PCR.

Results: Expression of MUC4 mRNA was not detected in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of chronic pancreatitis patients and normal healthy people, but was observed in those of pancreatic cancer patients.

Clinical study on nutrition support in patients with severe acute pancreatitis.

Aim: To investigate the effect of nutritional support therapy on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

Methods: A total of 96 patients with severe acute pancreatitis were divided randomly into control and treatment groups. The former group received total parenteral nutrition (TPN) via central venous infusion, while parenteral nutrition (PN) and enteral nutrition (EN) therapies were applied in different phases for the latter group.