Systematical Comparison Reveals Distinct Brain Transcriptomic Characteristics in Depression Models Induced by Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Chronic Stress.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a devastating psychiatric illness with various etiologies. Both chronic stress and gut microbiome dysbiosis are implicated in the pathogenesis of MDD. However, limited research has been conducted to delineate the distinct effects of these two pathogenic factors on the brain transcriptome.

Upregulation of YY1 in M2 macrophages promotes secretion of exosomes containing hsa-circ-0000326 via super-enhancers to facilitate prostate cancer progression.

The transcription factor YY1 is significantly upregulated in M2 macrophages, which can facilitate the malignant progression of multiple cancers. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the influence of YY1-high M2 macrophages on prostate cancer (PCa) progression remain elusive. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the specific mechanisms by which YY1-high M2 macrophages influence PCa progression.

Artificial intelligence applied to diabetes complications: a bibliometric analysis.

Background And Aims: Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven medical assistive technology has been widely used in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of diabetes complications. Here we conduct a bibliometric analysis of scientific articles in the field of AI in diabetes complications to explore current research trends and cutting-edge hotspots.

Methodology: On April 20, 2024, we collected and screened relevant articles published from 1988 to 2024 from PubMed.

Efficacy and safety of sacral nerve root magnetic stimulation combined with solifenacin in female patients with overactive bladder.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of sacral nerve root magnetic stimulation (SNRMS) combined with solifenacin in female patients with overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms.

Methods: A total of 183 female patients with OAB symptoms were prospectively randomized into 2 groups. Ninety-two patients in the combination group accepted SNRMS and solifenacin therapy and 91 patients serving as control accepted only solifenacin therapy.

Correction to: METTL5 promotes cell proliferation, invasion, and migration by up-regulating Toll-like receptor 8 expression in colorectal cancer.

[This corrects the article on p. 2006 in vol. 16, PMID: 38764815.

Combustion-related isoprene contributes substantially to the formation of wintertime secondary organic aerosols.

Isoprene is a key reactive organic gas involved in organic aerosol formation. While biogenic isoprene from terrestrial plants has been extensively studied and is recognized as a major contributor to secondary organic aerosol (SOA), high levels of observed SOA, especially in winter, cannot be fully explained by biogenic isoprene alone. In this study, we developed a comprehensive bottom-up emission inventory for isoprene, incorporating both biogenic and combustion sources and modeling their contributions to SOA in China from 2000 to 2016.

Research advance of 3D printing for articular cartilage regeneration.

Articular cartilage lesion frequently leads to dysfunction and the development of degenerative diseases, posing a significant public health challenge due to the limited self-healing capacity of cartilage tissue. Current surgical treatments, including marrow stimulation techniques and osteochondral autografts/allografts, have limited efficacy or have significant drawbacks, highlighting the urgent need for alternative strategies. Advances in 3D printing for cartilage regeneration have shown promising potential in creating cartilage-mimicking constructs, thereby opening new possibilities for cartilage repair.

Lower Retinal Arteriolar Density Is Associated With Higher Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burden: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study.

Introduction: It is suggested that cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) plays a role in strokes and dementia. Retinal microvasculature imaged by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is suggested to be associated with cerebral microvessels. We measured the density of the retinal arterioles and venules on the superficial vascular complex (SVC) of OCTA images and investigated associations with SVD markers in older adults.

Antibody persistence in Chinese toddlers at 1 year and 2 years after two different 4-dose schedules of a novel 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13-TT).

Background: A novel 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13-TT) has been widely used in China since its licensure in 2019. The prelicensure pivotal clinical study (PCV13-002) showed strong immune responses against 13 serotypes with PCV13-TT using two different 3P + 1 schedules starting at either 2 (PCV13-2M) or 3 months (PCV13-3M) of age.

Methods: To assess antibody persistence, healthy Chinese toddlers from PCV13-002 were recalled for blood collection at 1 and 2 years post booster dose.

Association of residential green space with risk of sarcopenia and the role of air pollution: Evidence from UK Biobank.

This study aims to explore the association between residential green space exposure and sarcopenia, and the role of air pollutants in the association. This study utilized data from the UK Biobank. Residential green space and natural environment were assessed by the percentage of land covered by greenness within 300 m and 1000 m buffers.

Interaction of major tea polyphenols with bovine milk proteins and its effect on in vitro bioaccessibility of tea polyphenols.

Adding bovine milk into tea and tea-containing beverages has been popular nowadays, while this dietary system may affect the digestion and absorption of tea polyphenols. In this work, the interactions of tea polyphenols with bovine milk proteins and their impacts on the bioaccessibility of tea polyphenols were investigated. The results indicate that tea polyphenols interact with amino acid residues of bovine milk proteins through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces spontaneously.

Characteristics, sources, and health risks of fine particulate matter in Wuhan subway, China.

The concentrations and characteristics of PM-bound metals in subway station atmosphere change in time and location within subway stations, which can intensely influence the health of subway workers and passengers. Therefore, this study aimed to reveal the characteristics and distribution of PM-bound metals in subway stations and across subway stations, further identify the possible sources and perform health risk assessment by integrating source apportionment with element-specific health risk analysis. The PM samples were collected from entrances and platforms in seventeen subway stations in Wuhan, China.

Classification patterns identification of immunogenic cell death-related genes in heart failure based on deep learning.

Heart failure (HF) is a complex and prevalent condition, particularly in the elderly, presenting symptoms like chest tightness, shortness of breath, and dyspnea. The study aimed to improve the classification of HF subtypes and identify potential drug targets by exploring the role of Immunogenic Cell Death (ICD), a process known for its role in tumor immunity but underexplored in HF research. Additionally, the study sought to apply deep learning models to enhance HF classification and identify diagnosis-related genes.

Adaptive variable channel heat dissipation control of ground control station under various work modes.

To address the challenges posed by varying heat generation modules in Ground Control Stations (GCS) during various work modes, a cooling system has been developed. This research introduces an Adaptive Variable Channel Control (AVCC) cooling approach using the Deep Reinforcement Learning Soft Actor-Critic (SAC) algorithm. The primary contributions of this paper include: (1) the design of a distributed cooling module featuring multiple cooling fans, which enables a variable channel cooling structure; (2) the development of a multi-module temperature control platform that simulates the heat generation conditions of each module under six work modes, providing a training environment for the cooling control algorithm; (3) the formulation of a model-free control method based on the SAC algorithm, AVCC, to optimize the cooling efficiency and endurance of the GCS.

Addressing unexpected bacterial RNA safety concerns of E. coli produced influenza NP through CpG loaded mutant.

Influenza virus nucleoprotein (NP) is a promising target for universal influenza vaccines due to its conservation and high immunogenicity. Here, we uncovered a previously unknown factor that E. coli-produced NP carries bacterial RNA, which is crucial for its high immunogenicity but may pose safety and consistency concerns due to batch variability.

Molecular subtypes of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) presents in two clinically distinct subtypes: large duct (LD-iCCA) and small duct (SD-iCCA). These subtypes exhibit significant molecular, genetic, and histopathological differences that impact patient prognosis and treatment responsiveness. This review advocates for a subtype-specific approach to iCCA research and clinical management, including tailored therapeutic strategies that consider distinct genetic profiles and tumor microenvironments.

The alteration of glutamate involved in the brain of Parkinson's disease patients using glutamate chemical exchange saturation transfer (GluCEST).

Increased levels of glutamate, a novel regulator of neuroinflammation, is involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Although glutamate chemical exchange saturation transfer (GluCEST) is widely used in central nervous system (CNS) disorders, it has been less commonly used in clinical practice for PD. Here, to explore the clinical significance of variations in glutamate levels in the striatum and thalamus in PD, we included forty-nine PD patients and forty-four healthy controls (HCs).

Influence of antidepressants on stream microbiota: Consequences for leaf itter breakdown and nutrient cycling.

As an emerging pollutant, antidepressants in wastewater have received extensive attention due to their metabolic stability and antimicrobial activity in aquatic systems. However, the scarcity of experimental data limits the validation of their potential impacts on ecosystem functionality. This study examined the effects of fluoxetine and amitriptyline (0-100 ng L) on microbial decomposers in stream ecosystems.

Urushiol-dextran SPIONs magnetic recyclable nanoparticles immobilizing vancomycin (V@DU@Fe) for antibacterial application.

In this study, magnetic nanocarriers (DU@Fe, D = 281.6 nm, zeta potential -28.0 mV) were fabricated using dextran, urushiol as the shell and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as the core.

Pulsatilla saponin D inhibited the growth of osteosarcoma by regulating the JNK/ATF3 signaling pathway.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly malignant and aggressive bone tumor associated with early lung metastasis and high mortality. Traditional chemotherapy does not effectively improve the efficacy and survival rate of patients with OS. Thus, it is vital to search for alternative therapies.

Association of chronic pain with frailty and pre-frailty in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Frailty has been demonstrated to correlate with chronic pain (CP). This study aimed to estimate the risk of frailty/pre-frailty and evaluate the potential bidirectional relationship between frailty/pre-frailty and CP.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted across ten databases, covering literature from their inception through November 23, 2024.