An attempt to study the photoreduction rate of divalent mercury in landfill cover soils using experimental control systems.

Mercury (Hg) emissions from landfill cover soils are an important source of atmospheric Hg affecting local and regional atmospheric Hg budget. To date, soil Hg emissions have been extensively studied, whereas the photoreduction rate of cover soil Hg(II) under various conditions is rarely studied. Herein, two experimental control systems were built to investigate the effect of varying soil Hg(II) concentrations, moistures, and temperature on soil Hg emission in order to obtain the photoreduction rate of soil Hg(II) under varying environmental conditions.

Upcycling of Livestock Industry Blood Waste into Bioplastics: Plasma Protein-Based Amyloid Fibrils.

This study presents a novel approach to harnessing the underutilized resource of livestock blood plasma proteins to produce bioplastic films based on amyloid fibrils. Upon acidic heating, a 20-h incubation period resulted in mature, semiflexible fibrils with an average length of 0.65 μm and a persistence length of 261 nm.

Four distinct pathways involved in a "tug-of-war" lead to the non-linear nature of phenolic chemistry during lactic acid fermentation of fruits and vegetables.

Introduction: Lactic acid fermentation of fruits and vegetables (F&V) is endowed with new nutrients and flavors. "Phenolics" is a hot spot in this area, which evolve irregularly during fermentation. However, the mechanism about this non-linear phenomenon has been poorly understood.

Identification and taste presentation characteristics of umami peptides from soybean paste based on peptidomics and virtual screening.

This research concentrated on soybean paste fermented with Tetragenococcus halophilus, employing peptidomics and machine learning methodologies to screen for novel umami peptides. Taste characteristics of umami peptides were evaluated through sensory evaluation and electronic tongue analysis. The mechanism of taste presentation of the umami peptides was investigated through T1R1/T1R3 molecular docking techniques.

Histone lactylation protects against sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment by regulating YTHDF3/PRDX3 mediated microglial pyroptosis in neonatal mice.

Background: Sevoflurane (SEV), a widely used inhalational anesthetic, multiple SEV exposures has been implicated in cognitive impairment, particularly in neonates. However, the mechanisms underlying SEV-induced cognitive impairment not fully understood.

Methods: Neonatal mice or murine microglial line BV-2 cells were exposed to SEV.

Towards transient space-use dynamics: re-envisioning models of utilization distribution and their applications.

Background: Models of utilization distribution in the form of partial differential equations have long contributed to our understanding of organismal space use patterns. In studies of infectious diseases, they are also being increasingly adopted in support of epidemic forecasting and scenario planning. However, as movement research shifts its focus towards large data collection and statistical modeling of movement trajectories, the development of such models has notably slowed.

Mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing neuropeptide S promote the recovery of rats with spinal cord injury by activating the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway.

Background: Transplantation of nasal mucosa-derived mesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs) overexpressing neuropeptide S (NPS) is a promising approach for treating spinal cord injury (SCI). Despite the potential of stem cell therapy, challenges remain regarding cell survival and differentiation control. We aimed to conduct orthotopic transplantation of transected spinal cord to treat rats with complete SCI.

Molecular epidemiology of Escherichia coli in bloodstream infections from a general hospital in Ningxia, China, 2022-2023.

Objective: To analyse the antibiotic resistance, resistance genes and clonal relationship of Escherichia coli in bloodstream infections in Ningxia from 2022 to 2023.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the antibiotic susceptibilities of 257 isolates. PCR was used to detect bla, bla, bla, qnrS, qnrA, qnrB, oqxA, qepA, gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE, and the clonal relationship through multilocus sequence typing (MLST).

Research on blasting damage to tunnel surrounding rock based on acoustic full waveform signal analysis.

In order to study the application of Acoustic Full Waveform Signal analysis in blasting damage to tunnel surrounding rock, a formula for blasting damage increment considering cumulative effects was proposed by analyzing the Acoustic Full Waveform Signal before and after blasting, based on the concepts of elastic waves and damage degree. This formula allows the cumulative damage law of surrounding rock blasting to be calculated and analyzed. Furthermore, by introducing the Lorentz curve, Gini coefficient, and fractal theory, and combining them with the surrounding rock blasting damage law, their practicality in studying blasting damage was verified.

Mapping global yields of four major crops at 5-minute resolution from 1982 to 2015 using multi-source data and machine learning.

Accurate, historical, and continuous global crop yield data are essential for assessing risks to the global food system. However, existing datasets often have limited spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we introduce GlobalCropYield5min, a novel gridded dataset providing crop yield data for major crops - including maize, rice, wheat, and soybean - from 1982 to 2015, with a spatial resolution of 5 arc-minutes.

Advances of Vanadium-based Cathodes forAqueous Zinc Ion Batteries.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are promising for energy storage due to their high safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness. Vanadium-based materials, including vanadium oxides, vanadium sulfides, vanadate, and vanadium carbon composites, have gained attention for their diverse crystal structures, multiple oxidation states, and high theoretical capacities. This review summarizes recent advances in vanadium-based cathodes, focusing on structural design and modification strategies, such as amorphous structures, defect engineering, conductive carbon matrices, and cation pre-intercalation to enhance Zn storage.

Search for Magnetic Monopole Pair Production in Ultraperipheral Pb+Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.36 TeV with the ATLAS Detector at the LHC.

This Letter presents a search for highly ionizing magnetic monopoles in 262  μb^{-1} of ultraperipheral Pb+Pb collision data at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.36  TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. A new methodology that exploits the properties of clusters of hits reconstructed in the innermost silicon detector layers is introduced to study highly ionizing particles in heavy-ion data.

SARM1 Modulates calcium influx in secondary brain injury after experimental Intracerebral hemorrhage.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), defined as spontaneous bleeding within brain tissue, is associated with high mortality and severe disability, often resulting in poor clinical outcomes. Early intervention to mitigate secondary brain injury is critical for neuronal protection. Sterile alpha and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor motif-containing 1 (SARM1), a member of the MyD88 family, is predominantly expressed in neurons, where it localizes to the outer membrane of mitochondria.

Structural and mechanistic insight into the phosphorylation reaction catalyzed by mpox virus thymidine kinase.

Mpox virus (MPXV) is the etiological agent of mpox, which is a major threat to human health. The identification of potential drug targets and the development of effective antiviral therapies are still urgently needed. The thymidine kinase (TK) encoded by MPXV initiates the deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP) salvage synthesis pathway and facilitates viral DNA replication.

Nivolumab combined with induction chemotherapy and radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A multicenter phase 2 PLATINUM trial.

Severe toxicities caused by concurrent cisplatin are a critical problem in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treatment. In this phase 2 multicenter PLATINUM trial (NCT03984357), we recruited 152 NPC patients who received 12-cycle nivolumab plus induction chemotherapy and radiotherapy without concurrent cisplatin. After a median follow-up of 43 months, the 3-year failure-free survival (FFS) was 88.

Co-design for Kolmogorov-Arnold networks to unlock the full potential of optical intelligent accelerators.

The explosive growth in computational demands of artificial neural networks has spurred research into optical neural networks. However, most existing work overlooks the co-design of software and hardware, resulting in challenges with data encoding and nonlinear activation in optical neural networks, failing to fully leverage the potential of optical computing hardware. In this work, we propose a nonlinear optical processing unit (NL-OPU) based on the nonlinear response of Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZMs) for an optical Kolmogorov-Arnold network (OKAN), which bypasses the challenges related to linear data representation and nonlinear activation execution in optical neural networks.

Global research trends on the associations between chronic kidney disease and mitochondria: insights from the bibliometric analysis.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health burden characterized by a progressive and irreversible loss of kidney function. Mitochondrial dysfunction has emerged as a pivotal factor in CKD pathogenesis, contributing to renal cell injury, inflammation, and fibrosis through mechanisms such as oxidative stress and impaired bioenergetics. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of global research trends on the associations between CKD and mitochondria over the past two decades.

Effects of Short Preoperative Warming Time on Transurethral Lithotripsy Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: Preoperative warming prevents inadvertent perioperative hypothermia (IPH). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of preoperative warming (prewarming) on patient thermal protection and to explore the appropriate duration of preoperative warming for clinical practice.

Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial.

Transcriptome Landscape of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Human PDAC.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a crucial role in the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here, integrated single-cell RNA sequencing analysis is utilized to comprehensively map CAFs in the human PDAC tumor microenvironment (TME). Normal fibroblasts (NFs) and nine distinct CAF subtypes are identified including newly identified CAF subtypes, CDCP1FTL CAFs, transitional CAFs (tCAFs), interferon simulated genes (ISG) myofibroblastic CAFs (myCAFs), and proliferative CAFs (pCAFs).

Excellent Dynamic Non-Wetting Performance Induced by Asymmetric Structure at Low Temperatures: Retraction Actuation and Nucleation Inhibition.

Asymmetric structures have exhibited significant advantages in regulating wetting behavior. Nevertheless, the influence of this unique structural feature on anti-icing performance remains to be further explored. In this work, static/dynamic anti-icing performance is investigated on the asymmetric superhydrophobic structures fabricated by micro-milling combined with electrodeposition.

Targeting amino acid metabolism to inhibit gastric cancer progression and promote anti-tumor immunity: a review.

The incidence of gastric cancer remains high and poses a serious threat to human health. Recent comprehensive investigations into amino acid metabolism and immune system components within the tumor microenvironment have elucidated the functional interactions between tumor cells, immune cells, and amino acid metabolism. This study reviews the characteristics of amino acid metabolism in gastric cancer, with a particular focus on the metabolism of methionine, cysteine, glutamic acid, serine, taurine, and other amino acids.

Children-specific environmental protection strategies are needed in China.

China, home to over 250 million children, has witnessed remarkable economic development in recent decades, successfully addressing many issues related to basic hygiene and sanitation in children, thereby altering the childhood disease spectrum. However, the emergence of environment-related disorders among children has become a significant concern. Despite the rapid accumulation of scientific knowledge on the adverse effects of environmental pollution on child health, the availability of children-specific protective strategies and actions remains alarmingly low.

Dual-functional silver nanoparticle-enhanced ZnO nanorods for improved reactive oxygen species generation and cancer treatment.

Recent advancements in sonodynamic therapy (SDT) for cancer treatment have highlighted the potential of enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and improving therapeutic outcomes. This study introduces zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NRs) loaded with silver nanoparticles (ZnO@Ag NRs), designed to optimize ROS production under ultrasound irradiation and offer significant advantages in tumor specificity and biosafety. The transmission electron microscopy and elemental mapping confirmed the consistent size and monodispersed Ag nanoparticle for ZnO@Ag NR.

[Relationships between Molecular Genetics and Clinical Features of Children with Acute Myeloid Leukemia].

Objective: To analyze the molecular genetic spectrum of children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and explore its correlation with clinical characteristics and prognosis.

Methods: The clinical and molecular genetic data of 116 children with newly diagnosed AML in Wuhan Children's Hospital from September 2015 to August 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the correlation of gene mutations with clinical features, and Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analyze the influences of gene mutations on the prognosis.

[Analysis of Gene Mutation in Patients with Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia].

Objective: To characterize the occurrence of mutations in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia(CMML) patients and their correlation with other gene mutations and some clinical characteristics.

Methods: The clinical data of 43 CMML patients diagnosed in Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital and Wuxi No.