A Comprehensive Review of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Management of Ulcerative Colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, nonspecific inflammatory disorder characterized by symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, hematochezia, and urgency during defecation. While the primary site of involvement is the colon, UC can extend to encompass the entire rectum and colon. The causes and development mechanisms of UC are still not well understood; nonetheless, it is currently held that factors including environmental influences, genetic predispositions, intestinal mucosal integrity, gut microbiota composition, and immune dysregulation contribute to its development.

Effect of Subcutaneous Injection of Tranexamic Acid on Ecchymosis and Edema after Oculofacial Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized, Split-Face, Double-Blind Study.

Background: Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic that is regularly used to reduce bleeding in surgical specialties.

Objectives: To assess the effects of subcutaneous TXA in oculofacial plastic surgeries, with the hypothesis that TXA reduces postoperative ecchymosis and edema.

Methods: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, split-face study.

Mechanism of HDAC2 regulating Nrf2 acetylation level in neuronal ferroptosis of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.

Objective: We investigated the mechanism of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) modulating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) acetylation level in neuronal ferroptosis of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI) neonatal rats.

Methods: The pathological damage and neuronal injury in the hippocampal CA1 region of HIBI neonatal rat models were assessed by HE and Nissl staining. Levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), HDAC2, Nrf2, glutathione (GSH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), active Fe, Nrf2 acetylation, and nuclear Nrf2 in hippocampal tissues were determined.

Study on the clinical characteristics, persistent infection capability, and viral load of human papillomavirus type 82 single infection.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a key factor in the development of cervical cancer and HPV genotyping is crucial for screening. There are significant differences in the pathogenic potential of the various HPV types. Currently, clinical data on HPV82 are scarce, and the relationship between its viral load, pathogenicity, and persistence is unknown.

Dexmedetomidine administration is associated with reduced mortality in patients with sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome: a retrospective study.

Background: Although studies have revealed the benefits of using dexmedetomidine (DEX) in treating rodent models of acute lung injury (ALI) by improving their survival rates, clinical investigation on the effect of DEX on patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains scarce. Through this retrospective study, we aim to better understand the underlying mechanism of sepsis-induced ARDS and the effect of DEX on patients' standard treatment.

Methods: A total of 208 patients with sepsis-induced ARDS, admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) at Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, China, from January 2017 to December 2019, were included.

Genetic basis of camouflage in an alpine plant and its long-term co-evolution with an insect herbivore.

Camouflage through colour change can involve reversible or permanent changes in response to cyclic predator or herbivore pressures. The evolution of background matching in camouflaged phenotypes partly depends on the genetics of the camouflage trait, but this has received little attention in plants. Here we clarify the genetic pathway underlying the grey-leaved morph of fumewort, Corydalis hemidicentra, of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau that by being camouflaged escapes herbivory from caterpillars of host-specialized Parnassius butterflies.

Application and design of a decision-making model in ethical dilemma for self-driving cars.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has promoted application and development of self-driving cars. However, when self-driving cars encounter ethical dilemma, it is still hard to make a satisficing and clear decision-making by these present moral rules and mechanisms, which makes people distrust in self-driving cars in real life. It is necessary to design a computational and multi-factor decision-making model for self-driving cars.

A comprehensive study of multiscale pore structural characteristics in deep-buried coals of different ranks.

The pore structure characteristics of coal significantly influence its gas adsorption and desorption capacity, as well as gas migration, playing a crucial role in the development of coalbed methane and the management of gas-related disasters. To investigate the pore distribution characteristics of coal in-depth, pore data for coal samples with varying degrees of metamorphism were obtained using low-pressure nitrogen adsorption (LPGA-N), low-pressure CO adsorption (LPGA-CO) methods, and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). Multiscale pore size distributions were constructed for three types of coal samples.

Competitive antagonism of KAT7 crotonylation against acetylation affects procentriole formation and colorectal tumorigenesis.

Accurate procentriole formation is critical for centriole duplication. However, the holistic transcriptional regulatory mechanisms underlying this process remain elusive. Here, we show that KAT7 crotonylation, facilitated by the crotonyltransferase hMOF, competes against its acetylation regulated by the deacetylase HDAC2 at the K432 residue upon DNA damage stimulation.

Ultralow trap density FAPbBr perovskite films for efficient light-emitting diodes and amplified spontaneous emission.

Solution-processed metal halide perovskites are widely studied for their potential in high-efficiency light-emitting diodes, yet they are facing several challenges like insufficient brightness, short operational lifetimes, and reduced power conversion efficiency under practical operation conditions. Here, we develop an interfacial amidation reaction on sacrificial ZnO substrates to produce perovskite films with low trap density (1.2 × 10cm), and implement a device structure featuring a mono-molecular hole-injection layer and an all-inorganic bi-layered electron-injection layer.

A New Fluorescent Probe based on Carbazole-Benzopyranyl for the Recognition of ONOO and its Application.

In this study, we successfully synthesized a colorimetric and photoluminescent fluorescent probe CBB by introducing benzopyran malononitrile at the 3-position of N-butylcarbazole and pinacol borate structure at the 6-position of N-butylcarbazole. The probe CBB characterized by a substantial Stokes shift (146 nm) demonstrates high selectivity and sensitivity to ONOO. The probe CBB can specifically identify ONOO by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopic techniques.

Extensive Periosteal Injury During Fracture Induces Long-Term Pain in Mice.

Bone fractures pose a significant public health challenge, often necessitating surgical interventions to facilitate bone healing and functional recovery. Sensory nerve fibers innervate various compartments of the bone tissue, with the periosteum exhibiting the most extensive innervation that is susceptible to injury during trauma. Despite its importance, the effect of injured periosteum on fracture pain remains unknown.

Artificial intelligence driven plaque characterization and functional assessment from CCTA using OCT-based automation: A prospective study.

Background: We aimed to develop and validate an Artificial Intelligence (AI) model that leverages CCTA and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images for automated analysis of plaque characteristics and coronary function.

Methods: A total of 100 patients who underwent invasive coronary angiography, OCT, and CCTA before discharge were included in this study. The data were randomly divided into a training set (80 %) and a test set (20 %).

Magnetic structure of Mn2GaC thin film by neutron scattering.

MAX phases are a family of atomically laminated materials with various potential applications. Mn2GaC is a prototype magnetic MAX phase, where complex magnetic behaviour arises due to competing interactions. We have resolved the room temperature magnetic structure of Mn2GaC by neutron diffraction from single-crystal thin films and we propose a magnetic model for the low temperature phase.

Tinnitus, masked speech perception, and auditory event-related potentials in clinically normal-hearing adults.

Tinnitus can increase stress and anxiety and reduce quality of life. Compared to listeners with normal hearing and no tinnitus, listeners with tinnitus (with or without hearing loss) often have greater difficulty segregating competing speech. Previous studies have investigated neural correlates of tinnitus using the P3 component of event-related potentials (ERPs).

ASVirus: A Comprehensive Knowledgebase for the Viral Alternative Splicing.

Viruses are significant human pathogens responsible for pandemic outbreaks and seasonal epidemics. Viral infectious diseases impose a devastating global burden and have a profound impact on public health systems. During viral infections, alternative splicing (AS) plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses, altering the host's cellular environment, expanding viral genetic material, and facilitating viral replication.

Role of vitamins in the pathogenesis and treatment of restless leg syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

We performed a meta-analysis to assess the role of vitamins in the possible pathogenesis and treatment of RLS (Restless Leg Syndrome). A systematic search of the PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science databases was conducted. Fifty-nine studies on the relationship between vitamins and RLS were included, as well as four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on vitamin treatment of RLS.

Analysis of cellular senescence-related genes in calcified aortic valve disease and the potential therapeutic role of β-Carotene.

Objective: Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a progressive, age-related degenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of calcium deposits in the aortic valve. We aim to screen key genes associated with cellular senescence (CS) in CAVD.

Methods: The GSE12644 and GSE51472 datasets from the GEO database was utilized in this study, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the "limma" R package.

Learning to Explore Sample Relationships.

Despite the great success achieved, deep learning technologies usually suffer from data scarcity issues in real-world applications, where existing methods mainly explore sample relationships in a vanilla way from the perspectives of either the input or the loss function. In this paper, we propose a batch transformer module, BatchFormerV1, to equip deep neural networks themselves with the abilities to explore sample relationships in a learnable way. Basically, the proposed method enables data collaboration, e.

Emerging role of ferroptosis in ultraviolet radiation-driven skin photoaging: a narrative review.

Photoaging is characterized by chronic inflammation in response to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV radiation causes skin cells to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which causes oxidative stress and inflammation. ROS can reversibly or irreversibly destroy different cellular compounds, including nucleic acids, proteins, free amino acids, lipids, lipoproteins, carbohydrates, and connective tissue macromolecules.

Spatial-Temporal Diversity of Extrachromosomal DNA Shapes Urothelial Carcinoma Evolution and Tumor-Immune Microenvironment.

Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) presents a promising target for cancer therapy; however, its spatial-temporal diversity and influence on tumor evolution and the immune microenvironment remain largely unclear. We apply computational methods to analyze ecDNA from whole-genome sequencing data of 595 urothelial carcinoma (UC) patients. We demonstrate that ecDNA drives clonal evolution through structural rearrangements during malignant transformation and recurrence of UC.

Interaction Between Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus-GAV Movement Protein and VOZ Proteins Delays Flowering of Plant.

Dwarfing and yellowing are characteristic symptoms caused by viral infections and are considered significant contributors for reduced crop yield. In this study, we identified that infection by barley yellow dwarf virus-GAV (BYDV-GAV) leads to a delay in the flowering process, potentially diminishing grain yield in wheat. The BYDV-GAV movement protein (MP) interacts with vascular plant one-zinc finger proteins (VOZs), which play a crucial role in promoting wheat flowering.

Machine learning-based feature selection and classification for cerebral infarction screening: an experimental study.

Cerebral infarction screening (CIS) is critical for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes. We investigate the application of machine learning techniques for feature selection and classification of speech and cognitive function assessments to enhance cerebral infarction screening. We analyze a dataset containing 117 patients (95 patients were diagnosed with cerebral infarction, and 54 were identified as lacunar cerebral infarction of them) comprising speech and cognitive function features from patients with lacunar and non-lacunar cerebral infarction, as well as healthy controls.