Prognostic model for esophagogastric variceal rebleeding after endoscopic treatment in liver cirrhosis: A Chinese multicenter study.

Background: Rebleeding after recovery from esophagogastric variceal bleeding (EGVB) is a severe complication that is associated with high rates of both incidence and mortality. Despite its clinical importance, recognized prognostic models that can effectively predict esophagogastric variceal rebleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis are lacking.

Aim: To construct and externally validate a reliable prognostic model for predicting the occurrence of esophagogastric variceal rebleeding.

LINC02253 promote the malignant phenotype of Colon adenocarcinoma cells by up-regulating WWP1-mediated SMAD3 ubiquitination.

Objectives: Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) represents a type of common malignant tumor originating in the digestive tract. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified to engage in regulating the initiation and development of COAD. LncRNA LINC02253 has been reported abnormal expressed in COAD, but the underlying mechanism has not been discussed so far.

Pachymic acid alleviates experimental pancreatic fibrosis through repressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Pachymic acid (PA), a natural triterpenoid, possesses the capacity to repress inflammatory and profibrotic responses. However, the role of PA in pancreatic fibrosis remains unclear. Here the effect of PA on anti-fibrogenic response was investigated using in vivo and in vitro pancreatitis models.

Orchestrating a biomarker panel with lncRNAs and mRNAs for predicting survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

The low survival of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) makes the treatment of this disease one of the most challenging task in modern medicine. Here, by mining a large-scale cancer genome atlas data set of pancreatic cancer tissues, we identified 21 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that significantly associated with overall survival in patients with PDAC (P < .01).

Proteomic profiling of fetal esophageal epithelium, esophageal cancer, and tumor-adjacent esophageal epithelium and immunohistochemical characterization of a representative differential protein, PRX6.

Aim: To understand the molecular mechanism of esophageal cancer development and provide molecular markers for screening high-risk populations and early diagnosis.

Methods: Two-dimensional electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry were adopted to screen differentially expressed proteins in nine cases of fetal esophageal epithelium, eight cases of esophageal cancer, and eight cases of tumor-adjacent normal esophageal epithelium collected from fetuses of different gestational age, or esophageal cancer patients from a high-risk area of esophageal cancer in China. Immunohistochemistry (avidin-biotin-horseradish peroxidase complex method) was used to detect the expression of peroxiredoxin (PRX)6 in 91 cases of esophageal cancer, tumor-adjacent normal esophageal tissue, basal cell hyperplasia, dysplasia, and carcinoma , as well as 65 cases of esophageal epithelium from fetuses at a gestational age of 3-9 mo.

miR-340 Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Gastric Cancer Cell Line SGC-7901, Possibly via the AKT Pathway.

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is among the most common types of cancer, with high morbidity and mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play vital roles in the tumorigenesis and biology of gastric cancer. This study aimed to reveal the role of miR-340 in gastric cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis and to elucidate the potential mechanisms.

Knockdown of Minichromosome Maintenance Proteins Inhibits Foci Forming of Mediator of DNA-Damage Checkpoint 1 in Response to DNA Damage in Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma TE-1 Cells.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has a high morbidity in China and its treatment depends greatly on adjuvant chemotherapy. However, DNA damage repair in cancer cells severely affects the outcome of treatment. This study investigated the potential mechanism regarding mediator of DNA-damage checkpoint 1 (MDC1) and minichromosome maintenance proteins (MCMs) during DNA damage in ESCC.

Tuning of resonance spacing over whole free spectral range based on Autler-Townes splitting in a single microring resonator.

In this paper, a single microring resonator structure formed by incorporating a reflectivity-tunable loop mirror is demonstrated for the tuning of resonance spacing. Autler-Townes splitting in the resonator is utilized to tune the spacing between two adjacent resonances by controlling the strength of coupling between the two counter-propagating degenerate modes in the microring resonator. A theoretical model based on the transfer matrix method is built to analyze the device.

Design of a femtogram scale double-slot photonic crystal optomechanical cavity.

We present the design of a double-slot photonic crystal cavity as an optomechanical device which contains a nanomechanical resonator with an effective mass as small as 6.91 fg. The optical Q-factor is optimized to 2 × 10(5).

Single germanium quantum dot embedded in photonic crystal nanocavity for light emitter on silicon chip.

A silicon light emitter in telecom-band based on a single germanium quantum dot precisely embedded in a silicon photonic crystal nanocavity is fabricated by a scalable method. A sharp resonant luminescence peak is observed at 1498.8 nm, which is enhanced by more than three orders of magnitude.

Enhanced parametric frequency conversion in a compact silicon-graphene microring resonator.

We demonstrate four-wave mixing (FWM) in a 10-μm-radius silicon microring resonator with the assistance of giant nonlinearity of the monolayer graphene. A maximum enhancement of 6.8 dB of conversion efficiency in the silicon-graphene microring (SGM) resonator is observed.

Experimental demonstration of a microdisk resonator filter/buffer utilizing two-mode interference.

We have experimentally demonstrated a microdisk-resonator (MDR)-based filter for filtering and buffering applications utilizing two-mode interference. Optical filtering or buffering behavior can be generated by the coherent interference between two orthogonal whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) in a MDR symmetrically coupled to two bus waveguides. MDRs were fabricated using nanofabrication processes on a silicon-on-insulator platform.

Coherent interaction between two orthogonal travelling-wave modes in a microdonut resonator for filtering and buffering applications.

We theoretically investigate the coherent interaction between two orthogonal travelling-wave modes in a microdonut resonator symmetrically coupled to two bus waveguides. An analytical model has been developed to describe this structure using transfer matrix method. The simulation reveals that the two-mode microdonut can exhibit either a flat-top response or all-pass transmission, governed by the resonance spacing.

High-speed silicon modulator with band equalization.

Electro-optic modulation up to 70 Gbit/s has been demonstrated using a silicon Mach-Zehnder modulator with a bias voltage of -1.5 V. In a wide frequency range from DC, an increasing input impedance of the modulator was designed to equalize its electro-optic frequency response.

Enhanced light emission from Ge quantum dots in photonic crystal ring resonator.

Light emitter based on Ge quantum dots embedded in photonic crystal ring resonator is designed and fabricated. Six sharp resonant peaks dominate the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum ranging from 1500 to 1600 nm at room temperature. The light emission enhancement is due to Purcell effect and high collection efficiency of the PCRR verified by calculated far-field patterns.

Silicon optical diode based on cascaded photonic crystal cavities.

An all-silicon passive optical diode based on optical nonlinearity in cascaded photonic crystal (PhC) L3 cavities is proposed and demonstrated. A nonreciprocal transmission ratio (NTR) of 30.8 dB and insertion loss of 8.

High-quality-factor photonic crystal ring resonator.

A design for enhancing the quality (Q) factor of a photonic crystal ring resonator (PCRR) is introduced. The highest Q factor based on simulations is 121,000. The analysis of momentum space distributions of the electric field profile for PCRR resonance shows that a high Q factor of a PCRR is attributed to the reduction of tangential k-vector component inside the leaky region.

Electromagnetically induced transparency-like effect in a two-bus waveguides coupled microdisk resonator.

We observe theoretically and experimentally electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like effect in a single microdisk resonator (MDR) evanescently coupled with two bus waveguides. This structure is modeled using transfer matrix method, and it is revealed that the EIT-like spectrum originates from the coherent interference between two nearby low-order whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) with comparable quality factors. The EIT-like properties have been investigated analytically with respect to coupling efficiency, round-trip power attenuation, as well as phase spacing between two resonances.

Germanium epitaxy on silicon.

With the rapid development of on-chip optical interconnects and optical computing in the past decade, silicon-based integrated devices for monolithic and hybrid optoelectronic integration have attracted wide attention. Due to its narrow pseudo-direct gap behavior and compatibility with Si technology, epitaxial Ge-on-Si has become a significant material for optoelectronic device applications. In this paper, we describe recent research progress on heteroepitaxy of Ge flat films and self-assembled Ge quantum dots on Si.

Fast and efficient silicon thermo-optic switching based on reverse breakdown of pn junction.

We propose and demonstrate a fast and efficient silicon thermo-optic switch based on reverse breakdown of the pn junction. Benefiting from the direct heating of silicon waveguide by embedding the pn junction into the waveguide center, fast switching with on/off time of 330 and 450 ns and efficient thermal tuning of 0.12  nm/mW for a 20 μm radius microring resonator are achieved, indicating a high figure of merit of only 8.

Low cross-talk 2 × 2 silicon electro-optic switch matrix with a double-gate configuration.

In this study, a low cross-talk 2 × 2 silicon electro-optic switch matrix based on a double-gate configuration is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The switch matrix consists of four Mach-Zehnder-based 2 × 2 switching elements with 400 μm long modulation arms. Low cross-talk values of -31 and -43 dB are, respectively, obtained for the "cross" and "bar" states over a 40 nm wide wavelength range around 1550 nm.

Compact and low-loss silicon power splitter based on inverse tapers.

A compact, low-loss, optical power splitter based on inverse tapers is proposed and fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator platform. High efficiency mode evolution between the fundamental mode of the input waveguide and the super mode of the output waveguides is realized using optimized tapers. A 1×4 splitter with insertion loss lower than 0.

Design of polarization-independent adiabatic splitters fabricated on silicon-on-insulator substrates.

A novel design for a polarization-independent SOI-based 2 × 2 3-dB adiabatic splitter with sub-micron-scale dimensions is proposed and modeled. To achieve slow and smooth mode evolution, a structure with simultaneous tapering of velocity and coupling is used. To reduce the adiabatic region length by adjusting the gap separation, the coupling strengths of TE and TM polarizations as a function of the gap value are analyzed.

Nonblocking 4×4 silicon electro-optic switch matrix with push-pull drive.

A compact rearrangeable nonblocking 4×4 silicon electro-optic switch matrix based on a Spanke-Beneš network is proposed and fabricated by a 0.18 μm standard commercial complementary metal-oxide semiconductor line. By respectively modulating the two modulation arms with a push-pull drive, a cross talk (CT) of less than -18 dB is obtained for the switching element with 150-μm-long modulation arms.

Two-mode multiplexer and demultiplexer based on adiabatic couplers.

A two-mode (de)multiplexer based on adiabatic couplers is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulations. An ultralow mode cross talk below -36 dB and a low insertion loss of about 0.