Nervonic acid alleviates radiation-induced early phase lung inflammation by targeting macrophages activation in mice.

Background: Patients receiving chest radiation therapy, or exposed to high radiation levels due to accidental nuclear leakage are at risk of radiation-induced lung injury (RILI). In innate immunity, macrophages not only exhibit certain radiation tolerance but also play an important regulatory role in the whole pathological process. Nervonic acid (NA), a long-chain unsaturated fatty acid found in nerve tissue, plays a pivotal role in maintaining normal tissue growth and repair.

Anti-ageing mechanism of topical bioactive ingredient composition on skin based on network pharmacology.

Objective: To elucidate the anti-ageing mechanism of the combination of eight ingredients on the skin from a multidimensional view of the skin.

Methods: The target pathway mechanisms of composition to delay skin ageing were investigated by a network pharmacology approach and experimentally validated at three levels: epidermal, dermal, and tissue.

Results: We identified 24 statistically significant skin ageing-related pathways, encompassing crucial processes such as epidermal barrier repair, dermal collagen and elastin production, inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as modulation of acetylcholine and acetylcholine receptor binding.

Monitoring the fluctuation of hydrogen peroxide with a near-infrared fluorescent probe for the diagnosis and management of kidney injury.

Kidney injury has become an increasing concern for patients because of environmental hazards and physiological factors. However, the early diagnosis of kidney injury remains challenging. Studies have shown that oxidative stress was closely related to the occurrence and development of kidney injury, in which abnormal hydrogen peroxide (HO) production was a common characteristic.

Extraction, purification and anticancer activity studies on triterpenes from pomegranate peel.

Pomegranate peel is the by-product of pomegranate processing, which contains a lot of triterpene compounds. In this study, the total triterpenes of pomegranate peel (TPP) were extracted using an ultrasonic-assisted ethanol extraction method under optimal conditions, purified using D-101 macroporous resin to obtain a purity of 75.28%.

Ferrous sulfate combined with ultrasound emulsified cinnamaldehyde nanoemulsion to cause ferroptosis in Escherichia coli O157:H7.

The purpose of this study was to investigate ferroptosis in Escherichia coli O157:H7 caused by ferrous sulfate (FeSO) and to examine the synergistic effectiveness of FeSO combined with ultrasound-emulsified cinnamaldehyde nanoemulsion (CALNO) on inactivation of E. coli O157:H7 in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that FeSO could cause ferroptosis in E.

Punicalagin attenuates hyperuricemia via restoring hyperuricemia-induced renal and intestinal dysfunctions.

Introduction: It is estimated that 90% of hyperuricemia cases are attributed to the inability to excrete uric acid (UA). The two main organs in charge of excreting UA are the kidney (70%) and intestine (30%). Previous studies have reported that punicalagin (PU) could protect against kidney and intestinal damages, which makes it a potential candidate for alleviating hyperuricemia.

Effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors at different treatment time periods on prognosis of patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer.

Background: The application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in treating patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) has brought us new hope, but the real-world outcome is relatively lacking. Our aim was to investigate the clinical use, efficacy, and survival benefit of ICIs in ES-SCLC from real-world data analysis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of ES-SCLC patients was conducted between 2012 and 2022.

The molecular mechanism of action for the potent antitumor component extracted using supercritical fluid extraction from Croton crassifolius root.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The root of Croton crassifolius has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), called Radix Croton Crassifolius, and commonly known as "Ji Gu Xiang" in Chinese. Its medicinal value has been recorded in several medical books or handbooks, such as "Sheng Cao Yao Xing Bei Yao", "Ben Cao Qiu Yuan" and "Zhong Hua Ben Cao". It has been traditional employed for treating sore throat, stomach-ache, rheumatism and cancer.

Evaluating the hypolipidemic effect of garlic essential oil encapsulated in a novel double-layer delivery system.

The limited application of garlic essential oil (GEO) is attributed to its pungent taste, poor water solubility and low bioavailability. Liposomes are nontoxic, biodegradable and biocompatible, and β-cyclodextrin can inhibit undesirable odors and improve the stability and bioavailability. Thus a promising dual-layer GEO β-cyclodextrin inclusion compound liposome (GEO-DCL) delivery system with both advantages was designed and prepared in this study.

Exosomal lncRNA XIST promotes perineural invasion of pancreatic cancer cells via miR-211-5p/GDNF.

Perineural invasion (PNI) is an essential form of tumor metastasis in multiple malignant cancers, such as pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, and head and neck cancer. Growing evidence has revealed that pancreatic cancer recurrence and neuropathic pain positively correlate with PNI. Therefore, targeting PNI is a proper strategy for pancreatic cancer treatment.

Potentiation effect of the AI-2 signaling molecule on postharvest disease control of pear and loquat by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and its mechanism.

An autoinducer-2 (AI-2) signaling molecule from Bacillus was synthesized, and its mechanism on the biofilm formation and biocontrol ability of B. amyloliquefaciens was verified in vitro and in vivo. The 16S/ITS amplicon sequencing was used to analyze the effect of B.

Lipidomics-based analysis of lipid differences between dry skin of women aged 22-28 years and 29-35 years.

Background: The skin condition of women is different at different ages, and skin surface lipids are also different. According to the "7-7 theory" of the Huangdi Neijing, the physiological condition of women changes significantly every 7 years, and women aged 22-28 are in the "4-7" stage as mentioned in the "7-7 theory" of the Huangdi Neijing. Women's skin is in different states at different ages and produces different lipids.

Attenuating effect of Willd. seed oil on progression of MAFLD.

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a common chronic metabolic disease that seriously threatens human health. The pharmacological activity of unsaturated fatty acid-rich vegetable oil interventions in the treatment of MAFLD has been demonstrated. This study evaluated the pharmacological activity of Willd, which contains high levels of 2-acetyl-1,3-diacyl-sn-glycerols (sn-2-acTAGs).

The antihyperuricemia activity of Astragali Radix through regulating the expression of uric acid transporters via PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Astragali Radix (AR) is the dry root of the leguminous plants Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Beg. var. mongholicus (Beg) Hsiao, and Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Bge.

Fangchinoline derivatives inhibits PI3K signaling in vitro and in vivo in non-small cell lung cancer.

Fangchinoline (Fan) are extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Stephania tetrandra S., which is a bis-benzyl isoquinoline alkaloids with anti-tumor activity. Therefore, 25 novel Fan derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for their anti-cancer activity.

Predictors of Physical Activity Behavior Transitions in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review Based on a Transtheoretical Model.

Background: The transtheoretical model (TTM) views individual behavioral change as a nonlinear, dynamic process, which is consistent with the complex nature of physical activity (PA) in children and adolescents. However, within this theoretical framework, the elements that facilitate the behavioral change in PA in children and adolescents need to be further explored.

Objective: A systematic review of research related to TTM-based exploration of the elements of behavioral change in PA in children and adolescents, an analysis of the strengths and weaknesses in practice, and an outlook for future research.

Improved colonic inflammation by nervonic acid via inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway of DSS-induced colitis mice.

Background: Nervonic acid (C24:1, 24:1 ω-9, cis-tetracos-15-enoic acid; NA), a long-chain monounsaturated fatty acid, plays an essential role in prevention of metabolic diseases, and immune regulation, and has anti-inflammatory properties. As a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disease, ulcerative colitis (UC) can affect the large intestine. The influences of NA on UC are largely unknown.

Molecular mechanisms of the chemical constituents from anti-inflammatory and antioxidant active fractions of Imazeki.

Imazeki is a rare medicinal mushroom that has been reported to play a role in scavenging free radicals, protecting the liver, and inhibiting tumor cell activity. In this study, crude extracts were prepared, and 47 triterpenoids were identified by Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole time-of flight mass spectrometry UHPLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS). Then, the crude extracts were subjected to column chromatography for the first time to obtain six fractions (Fr.

Naringenin Ameliorates Hyperuricemia by Regulating Renal Uric Acid Excretion via the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway and Renal Inflammation through the NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Hyperuricemia characterized by high serum levels of uric acid (UA, >6.8 mg/dL) is regarded as a common chronic metabolic disease. When used as a food supplement, naringenin might have various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, free-radical-scavenging, and inflammation-suppressing activities.

New insight into the management of renal excretion and hyperuricemia: Potential therapeutic strategies with natural bioactive compounds.

Hyperuricemia is the result of increased production and/or underexcretion of uric acid. Hyperuricemia has been epidemiologically associated with multiple comorbidities, including metabolic syndrome, gout with long-term systemic inflammation, chronic kidney disease, urolithiasis, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, dyslipidemia, diabetes/insulin resistance and increased oxidative stress. Dysregulation of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOD), the enzyme that catalyzes uric acid biosynthesis primarily in the liver, and urate transporters that reabsorb urate in the renal proximal tubules (URAT1, GLUT9, OAT4 and OAT10) and secrete urate (ABCG2, OAT1, OAT3, NPT1, and NPT4) in the renal tubules and intestine, is a major cause of hyperuricemia, along with variations in the genes encoding these proteins.

Characterization of the physicochemical, thermal and rheological properties of cashew kernel starch.

The study aimed to characterize physicochemical, thermal, and rheological properties of cashew nut starch (CNS) and then compare the obtained results with the properties of potato and corn starches. CNS showed higher gelatinization temperatures (112.29 °C) than those noted for potato and maize starches (78.

Synergistic antitumor effects of polysaccharides and anthocyanins from Murr. on human colorectal carcinoma LoVo cells and the molecular mechanism.

The antitumor effects of Murr. polysaccharides (LRPS) and Murr. anthocyanins (LRAC) were comprehensively investigated in this study.

A geniposide-phospholipid complex ameliorates posthyperuricemia chronic kidney disease induced by inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress.

Hyperuricemia is a common metabolic disease and is one of the factors that could induce chronic kidney disease (CKD). Geniposide (GEN) is a typical natural iridoid glucoside compound with a series of biological activities, but the poor bioavailability of GEN limits its clinical application. In this context, the pharmacological activity of the geniposide-phospholipid complex (GEN-PLC) in ameliorating posthyperuricemia CKD was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo experiments in this study.