Cell-Type Specific Circuits in the Mammillary Body for Place and Object Recognition Memory.

Mammillary body (MB) is traditionally viewed as a structural node of an anatomic circuit for emotion and memory. However, little is known about its molecular and cellular organizations. Here, a discovery that MB contains four subtypes of neurons that occupy different spatial subregions is reported.

Repetitive traumatic brain injury-induced complement C1-related inflammation impairs long-term hippocampal neurogenesis.

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202503000-00027/figure1/v/2024-06-17T092413Z/r/image-tiff Repetitive traumatic brain injury impacts adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, leading to long-term cognitive impairment. However, the mechanism underlying this neurogenesis impairment remains unknown.

Distribution Patterns of Subgroups of Inhibitory Neurons Divided by Calbindin 1.

The inhibitory neurons in the brain play an essential role in neural network firing patterns by releasing γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as the neurotransmitter. In the mouse brain, based on the protein molecular markers, inhibitory neurons are usually to be divided into three non-overlapping groups: parvalbumin (PV), neuropeptide somatostatin (SST), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing neurons. Each neuronal group exhibited unique properties in molecule, electrophysiology, circuitry, and function.

Preparation, Modification, and Application of Biochar in the Printing Field: A Review.

Biochar is a solid material enriched with carbon produced by the thermal transformation of organic raw materials under anoxic or anaerobic conditions. It not only has various environmental benefits including reducing greenhouse gas emissions, improving soil fertility, and sequestering atmospheric carbon, but also has the advantages of abundant precursors, low cost, and wide potential applications, thus gaining widespread attention. In recent years, researchers have been exploring new biomass precursors, improving and developing new preparation methods, and searching for more high-value and meaningful applications.

Alginate production of Pseudomonas strains and its application in preparation of alginate-biomass hydrogel for heavy metal adsorption.

In this study, 7 Pseudomonas strains were isolated from a wastewater treatment plant, and the alginate production of Pseudomonas strains under different environmental conditions was evaluated. Subsequently, alginate-biomass hydrogel beads were prepared using alginate and biomass of Pseudomonas, and their adsorption performances and mechanism to Pb and Cd were analyzed. The results show that weakly acidic pH and 37 °C is favorable for alginate synthesis of Pseudomonas strains, and P.