Impact of preoperative anemia in ischemic cardiomyopathy with or without coronary artery bypass grafting.

Background: Whether the preoperative anemia affects the prognosis and the therapeutic choice between coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or medical therapy alone in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) remains unclear. We assess the influence of preoperative anemia on long-term outcomes in ICM patients treated with medical therapy alone with or without CABG.

Methods: Patients with preoperative hemoglobin were included from the Surgical Treatment of Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) trial.

Synthesis of Cr-doped AlO in nanoscale for bio-labels in myocardial cells.

The AlO: Cr light-converting materials were successfully synthesized via co-precipitation, resulting in a grain size ranging from 100 to 400 nm. Under excitation wavelengths spanning from 360 to 650 nm, a distinct near-infrared (NIR) emission at 695 nm was observed. Through optimization, it has been established that a Cr doping concentration of 1.

sVEGFR3 alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through regulating mitochondrial homeostasis and immune cell infiltration.

Recent studies have suggested that sVEGFR3 is involved in cardiac diseases by regulating lymphangiogenesis; however, results are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the function and mechanism of sVEGFR3 in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). sVEGFR3 effects were evaluated in vivo in mice subjected to MI/RI, and in vitro using HL-1 cells exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion.

Association between hormone therapy and glioma risk in US women: a cancer screening trial.

Objective: Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults, and the role of hormone therapy (HT) in their development remains controversial. This study with a cohort design aimed to investigate the association between HT use and glioma risk using the data from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial.

Methods: We analyzed data from 75,335 women, aged 50-78, who were enrolled between 1993 and 2001.

Coffee and tea consumption and glioma risk: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Background: Research on the association between glioma risk and coffee and tea consumption remains inconclusive. This study seeks to present a meta-analysis of the relationship between coffee and tea intake and glioma risk.

Method: Relevant cohort studies that collected coffee and tea exposure prospectively were identified through searches of the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases.

LCN2 Regulates Microglia Polarization Through the p38MAPK-PGC-1α-PPARγ Pathway to Alleviate Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common traumatic event that imposes a significant burden on families and society. Lipocalin (LCN) is a class of multifunctional secreted lipoprotein molecules. This study aimed to explore the role and possible mechanism of LCN2 in TBI.

Risk factors for mortality in patients with sepsis on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and/or continuous renal replacement therapy: a retrospective cohort study based on MIMIC-IV database.

Objective: This study aimed to identify risk factors for mortality in septic patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and/or continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).

Methods: Data from the MIMIC-IV database were retrospectively reviewed for 24,502 septic patients treated with ECMO or CRRT between 2008 and 2019. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 70 patients receiving ECMO, 513 receiving CRRT, and 22 receiving both were included in the final analysis.

Metal-dielectric dispersive mirrors for ultraviolet lasers.

We report a broadband metal-dielectric dispersive mirror (MDDM) based on Al/SiO/HfO thin films operating in the near-ultraviolet (UV) region. Demonstrating the combined benefits of both the wide reflective bandwidth of aluminum in the UV region and the flexible dispersion control capability of HfO/SiO multilayer films, the MDDM has a wide bandwidth, low total thickness, and precise dispersion compensation ability. We propose an initial design based on a shortwave reflection enhancement structure (SWRES) to prevent shortwave light from obtaining a second time-dispersion compensation in the deep metal layer.

Identification of SNHG11 as a Therapeutic Target in Pulmonary Hypertension.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a life-threatening condition characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling and endothelial dysfunction. Current therapies primarily target vasoactive imbalances but often fail to address adverse vascular remodeling. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are key regulators of various cellular processes, remain underexplored in the context of PH.

Off-pump Versus On-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Diabetic patients: A Meta-analysis of Observational Studies with a Propensity-Score Analysis.

Purpose: The debate between off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) and on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (ONCAB) in diabetic patients remains. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate outcomes after OPCAB versus ONCAB for patients with diabetes.

Methods: Literature research was conducted up to December 2023 using Ovid Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library.

Selective venous sampling for secondary hypertension.

Selective venous sampling (SVS), an invasive radiographic procedure that depends on contrast media, holds a unique role in diagnosing and guiding the treatment of certain types of secondary hypertension, particularly in patients who may be candidates for curative surgery. The adrenal venous sampling (AVS), in particular, is established as the gold standard for localizing and subtyping primary aldosteronism (PA). Throughout decades of clinical practice, AVS could be applied not only to PA but also to other endocrine diseases, such as adrenal Cushing syndrome (ACS) and Pheochromocytomas (PCCs).

M2b macrophages protect against doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity via alternating autophagy in cardiomyocytes.

Objective: Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline antibiotic which is widely used for the treatment of various cancers, while the dose-related cardiotoxicity limits its potential therapeutic application. The underlying mechanism of DOX induced cardiotoxicity is complex and remains elusive. Our previous studies have shown that M2b macrophage plays an important role in reducing inflammation due to ischemic reperfusion injury in the myocardium.

Measurements of microjoule-level, few-femtosecond ultraviolet dispersive-wave pulses generated in gas-filled hollow capillary fibers.

To the best of our knowledge, we demonstrate the first time-domain measurement of µJ-level, few-fs ultraviolet dispersive-wave (DW) pulses generated in gas-filled hollow capillary fibers (HCFs) in an atmosphere environment using several chirped mirrors. The pulse temporal profiles, measured using a self-diffraction frequency-resolved optical gating setup, exhibit full width at half maximum pulse widths of 9.6 fs at 384 nm and 9.

WNT1-inducible signalling pathway protein 1 stabilizes atherosclerotic plaques in apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice via the focal adhesion kinase/mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway.

Background: The migration, proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are critical for plaque stability. WNT-inducible signalling pathway protein-1 (WISP1), a member of the CCN family of extracellular matrix proteins, can expedite the migration and proliferation of VSMCs. However, its underlying mechanism and relationship with atherosclerosis remain elusive.

HIF1α/HIF2α induces glioma cell dedifferentiation into cancer stem cells through Sox2 under hypoxic conditions.

Our previous study showed that glioma stem-like cells could be induced to undergo dedifferentiation under hypoxic conditions, but the mechanism requires further study. HIF1α and HIF2α are the main molecules involved in the response to hypoxia, and Sox2, as a retroelement, plays an important role in the formation of induced pluripotent stem cells, especially in hypoxic microenvironments. Therefore, we performed a series of experiments to verify whether HIF1α, HIF2α and Sox2 regulated glioma cell dedifferentiation under hypoxic conditions.

Dapagliflozin alleviates cardiac fibrosis through suppressing EndMT and fibroblast activation via AMPKα/TGF-β/Smad signalling in type 2 diabetic rats.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the leading causes of heart failure in patients with diabetes mellitus, with limited effective treatments. The cardioprotective effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2(SGLT2) inhibitors have been supported by amounts of clinical trials, which largely fills the gap. However, the underlying mechanism still needs to be further explored, especially in terms of its protection against cardiac fibrosis, a crucial pathophysiological process during the development of DCM.

Domino effect of pituitary growth hormone tumor complicated by diabetic ketoacidosis and pituitary apoplexy: a case report.

Background: Patients with growth hormone (GH)-secreting adenoma usually develop glucose intolerance. GH increases metabolic rate and, when secreted aberrantly, may result in metabolic syndrome. Herein, we examine the associations of pituitary tumor-induced secretion of hormone with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, and determine the relation of pituitary tumor apoplexy-induced diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and acute pancreatitis.

Hyperbaric oxygen promotes not only glioblastoma proliferation but also chemosensitization by inhibiting HIF1α/HIF2α-Sox2.

There exists a consensus that combining hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and chemotherapy promotes chemotherapy sensitivity in GBM cells. However, few studies have explored the mechanism involved. HIF1α and HIF2α are the two main molecules that contribute to GBM malignant progression by inhibiting apoptosis or maintaining stemness under hypoxic conditions.

HIF1α/HIF2α-Sox2/Klf4 promotes the malignant progression of glioblastoma via the EGFR-PI3K/AKT signalling pathway with positive feedback under hypoxia.

Previous studies have suggested that hypoxic responses are regulated by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which in turn promote the malignant progression of glioblastoma (GBM) by inhibiting apoptosis and increasing proliferation; these events lead to a poor prognosis of GBM patients. However, there are still no HIF-targeted therapies for the treatment of GBM. We have conducted series of experiments and discovered that GBM cells exhibit features indicative of malignant progression and are present in a hypoxic environment.

The co-treatment of rosuvastatin with dapagliflozin synergistically inhibited apoptosis via activating the PI3K/AKt/mTOR signaling pathway in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury rats.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the role of co-treatment of rosuvastatin (RSV) and dapagliflozin (DGZ) preconditioning in myocardium ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and to further investigate the underlying mechanism.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats ( = 25) were divided into five groups randomly: (1) Sham, (2) I/R, (3) I/R + RSV (10 mg/kg), (4) IR + DGZ (1 mg/kg), and (5) I/R + RSV (10 mg/kg) + DGZ (1 mg/kg). The I/R model was induced with 30 min of left anterior descending occlusion followed by 120 min of reperfusion.

The HIF1α/HIF2α-miR210-3p network regulates glioblastoma cell proliferation, dedifferentiation and chemoresistance through EGF under hypoxic conditions.

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) promotes the malignant progression of glioblastoma under hypoxic conditions, leading to a poor prognosis for patients with glioblastoma; however, none of the therapies targeting HIF1α in glioblastoma have successfully eradicated the tumour. Therefore, we focused on the reason and found that treatments targeting HIF1α and HIF2α simultaneously increased tumour volume, but the combination of HIF1α/HIF2α-targeted therapies with temozolomide (TMZ) reduced tumourigenesis and significantly improved chemosensitization. Moreover, miR-210-3p induced HIF1α expression but inhibited HIF2α expression, suggesting that miR-210-3p regulates HIF1α/HIF2α expression.

WISP1 alleviates lipid deposition in macrophages via the PPARγ/CD36 pathway in the plaque formation of atherosclerosis.

Lipid deposition in macrophages plays an important role in atherosclerosis. The WNT1-inducible signalling pathway protein 1(WISP1) can promote proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells. Its expression is up-regulated in obesity, which is associated with atherosclerosis, but the effect of WISP1 on atherosclerosis remains unclear.

Inhibition of PHLPP1 ameliorates cardiac dysfunction via activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway in diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Background: Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase 1 (PHLPP1) is a kind of serine/threonine phosphatase, whose dysregulation is accompanied with numerous human diseases. However, its role in diabetic cardiomyopathy remains unclear. We explored the underlying function and mechanism of PHLPP1 in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM).