Dynamic responses in bioaugmentation of petroleum-contaminated soils using thermophilic degrading consortium HT: Hydrocarbons, microbial communities, and functional genes.

Bioaugmentation offers an effective strategy for the bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soils. However, little is known about petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) degradation with thermophilic consortium application under high temperature. A microcosm was established to study hydrocarbons degradation, microbial communities and functional genes response using a thermophilic petroleum-degrading consortium HT.

Dual Photoredox and Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Remote C(sp)-H Alkylation of Hydroxamic Acid Derivatives with Glycine Derivatives.

Dual photoredox and copper-catalyzed remote asymmetric C(sp)-H alkylation of hydroxamic acid derivatives with glycine derivatives via a 1,5-hydrogen transfer (1,5-HAT) process has been realized. The reaction was characterized by redox-neutral and mild conditions, good yields, excellent enantioselectivity, and broad substrate scope. This protocol provides a straightforward and efficient strategy to prepare highly valuable enantioenriched noncanonical α-amino acids.

Organic Photoredox-Catalyzed Site-Selective Alkylation of Glycine Derivatives and Peptides via Infrequent 1,2-Hydrogen Atom Transfer of Amidyl Radicals.

Herein, we disclose a visible-light-driven photoredox-catalyzed protocol for site-selective alkylation of glycine derivatives via 1,2-hydrogen atom transfer, which is distinguished by metal free and mild conditions, high chemoselectivity, and good functional group compatibility. This protocol provides a unique approach for synthesizing valuable α,β-diamino acid derivatives. Furthermore, the potential synthetic merit of this transformation is proven by a scale-up reaction and late-stage functionalization of peptides.

Response of petroleum-contaminated soil to chemical oxidation combined with biostimulation.

In this study, a microcosm experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of NaSO preoxidation combined with biostimulation on petroleum-contaminated soil remediation. The response of microbial community during this process was explored using BIOLOG ECO microplate carbon utilization method and 16 s rDNA high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that use of 10 mg/g NaSO removed 19.

Metagenomic analysis of a thermophilic bacterial consortium and its use in the bioremediation of a petroleum-contaminated soil.

Biodegradation is difficult at high temperatures due to the limited capacity of microorganisms to survive and function outside their optimum temperature range. Here, a thermophilic petroleum-degrading consortium was enriched from compost at a temperature of 55 °C. 16S rDNA and metagenomic techniques were used to analyze the composition of the consortium and the mechanisms of degradation.

Effects of inulin with different polymerization degrees on the structural and gelation properties of potato protein.

This study investigated the effect of inulin with different polymerization degrees (DP), including L-inulin (DP 2-6), M-inulin (DP 10-23) and H-inulin (DP 23-46), on the structural and gelation properties of potato protein isolate (PPI). Results revealed that textural properties (hardness, cohesiveness, springiness and chewiness) and water-holding capacity (WHC) of PPI-inulin composite gels were positively correlated with the inulin DP and addition content at 0-1.5% (/), but deteriorated at 2% due to phase separation.

Visible-light-mediated synthesis of non-anomeric -aryl glycosides a photoactive electron-donor-acceptor complex.

A visible-light-mediated glycosylation reaction between glycosyl redox-active esters and disulfides has been reported, through which a series of -aryl glycosides were obtained in good yields with satisfactory stereoselectivity. The preliminary mechanistic studies revealed that this transformation proceeded an EDA complex. Moreover, the potential application value was demonstrated in the late-stage functionalisation of drug molecules and a gram-scale experiment.

First identification of canine adenovirus 1 in mink and bioinformatics analysis of its 100 K protein.

Introduction: Animal trade favors the spreading of emerging canine adenovirus 1 (CAdV-1) in mink. Because the 100K protein is not exposed to the viral surface at any stage, it can be used to differentiate the vaccine from wild virus infection. However, no related research has been conducted.

Metagenomics reveals mechanism of pyrene degradation by an enriched bacterial consortium from a coking site contaminated with PAHs.

A bacterial consortium, termed WPB, was obtained from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated soil from a coking site. The consortium effectively degraded 100 mg L pyrene by 94.8 % within 12 days.

Depth and contaminant-shaped bacterial community structure and assembly at an aged chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon-contaminated site.

Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) are potentially toxic substances that have been detected in various contaminated environments. Biological elimination is the main technique of detoxifying CAHs in the contaminated sites, but the soil bacterial community at CAH-contaminated sites have been little investigated. Here, high-throughput sequencing analysis of soil samples from different depths (to 6 m depth) at an aged CAH-contaminated site has been conducted to investigate the community composition, function, and assembly of soil bacteria.

Surfactant-enhanced bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soil and microbial community response: A field study.

Surfactant-enhanced bioremediation (SEBR) is frequently employed to clean up soil polluted with petroleum hydrocarbons, but few studies have focused on how surfactants affect microbial communities and different fractions of petroleum hydrocarbons, particularly in the field. Here, the surfactants sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), alpha olefin sulfonate (AOS), Triton X-100 (TX-100), Tween80, and rhamnolipid were combined with the oil-degrading bacterium Pseudomonas sp. SB to remediate oil-contaminated soil in the laboratory.

Microbial community assembly of the hyperaccumulator plant Sedum plumbizincicola in two contrasting soil types with three levels of cadmium contamination.

Microbial communities are closely related to plant performance and numerous studies have shown their involvement with the growth and development of host plants, resistance to pathogen invasion and adaptation to environmental stress. Here we described in detail the ecological process of the microbial community assembly in hyperaccumulator plant Sedum plumbizincicola. We divided the microbiota into four ecological compartments (bulk soil, rhizosphere, root endosphere and aboveground endosphere).

Canine Adenovirus 1 Isolation Bioinformatics Analysis of the Fiber.

Canine adenovirus type 1 (CAdV-1) is a double-stranded DNA virus, which is the causative agent of fox encephalitis. The protein is one of the structural proteins in CAdV-1, which mediates virion binding to the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor on host cells. The suspected virus was cultured in the MDCK cells, and it was determined through the cytopathic effects, sequencing and electron microscopy.

Zero-valent iron-induced successive chemical transformation and biodegradation of lindane in historically contaminated soil: An isotope-informed metagenomic study.

Zero-valent iron (ZVI) is widely used to mitigate environmental pollutants such as chlorinated pesticides through reductive reactions accompanied by extensive impacts on the soil microbial community. However, whether and how ZVI changes the biodegradation of target compounds remain poorly understood. Here, we monitor the fate of lindane using a C-labled tracer and evaluate the growth and functions of the bacterial community in ZVI-stressed conditions in a historically γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (lindane)-contaminated soil using a combination of isotopic (O-HO) and metagenomic methods.

Effect of different washing solutions on soil enzyme activity and microbial community in agricultural soil severely contaminated with cadmium.

Soil enzyme activities and microbial communities have a good response to the remediation effect of heavy metal-contaminated soils. To evaluate the effect of three commonly used washing agents, ferric chloride (FC), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and ethylenediamine-tetra-methylenephosphonic acid (EDTMP) on soil enzyme activities and microbial community in cadmium (Cd)-contaminated agricultural soil were collected from farmland near a non-ferrous metal smelter. The soil enzyme activities, microbial community, chemical forms of Cd and some physicochemical properties of the soil washed with different washing solutions were determined.

Automated assignment of cell identity from single-cell multiplexed imaging and proteomic data.

A major challenge in the analysis of highly multiplexed imaging data is the assignment of cells to a priori known cell types. Existing approaches typically solve this by clustering cells followed by manual annotation. However, these often require several subjective choices and cannot explicitly assign cells to an uncharacterized type.

Soil microbial community and association network shift induced by several tall fescue cultivars during the phytoremediation of a petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil.

Biodegradation of soil contaminants may be promoted near plant roots due to the "rhizosphere effect" which may enhance microbial growth and activity. However, the effects of different plant cultivars within a single species on degradation remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the removal of soil total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) by ten different cultivars of tall fescue grass (Festuca arundinacea L.

Hydrogen peroxide combined with surfactant leaching and microbial community recovery from oil sludge.

The remediation effects of hydrogen peroxide (HO) oxidation and surfactant-leaching alone or in combination on three typical oilfield sludges were studied. The removal efficiency of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) of Jidong, Liaohe and Jiangsu oil sludges by hydrogen peroxide oxidation alone was very poor (6.5, 6.

Biogeography and diversity patterns of abundant and rare bacterial communities in rice paddy soils across China.

Bacteria are critical ecosystem drivers in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. However, our understanding of the mechanisms generating and maintaining biodiversity on large spatial scales remains limited, especially mechanisms involving rare taxa in soil ecosystems. In the present study we took paddy soils in China as model ecosystems and studied the ecological diversity and assembly mechanisms of both the rare and abundant bacterial subcommunities.

Evaluation of fatty acid derivatives in the remediation of aged PAH-contaminated soil and microbial community and degradation gene response.

In this study, derivatives of two common fatty acids in plant root exudates, sodium palmitate and sodium linoleate (sodium aliphatates), were added to an aged Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated soil to estimate their effectiveness in the removal of PAHs. Sodium linoleate was more effective in lowering PAHs and especially high-molecular-weight (4-6 ring) PAHs (HMW-PAHs). Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) indicates that both amendments led to a shift in the soil bacterial community.

Geographical variation in arsenic, cadmium, and lead of soils and rice in the major rice producing regions of China.

Rapid industrialization and urbanization have accelerated the contamination of paddy soils with potentially toxic elements (PTEs). However, the status and the key factors responsible for the geographical variation in PTE concentrations in rice remain poorly understood. Here, a total of 113 pairs of soil and rice plant samples were collected from 19 provinces in four major rice producing areas of China to assess the geographical variation in total arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) concentrations in the soil-rice system.