TaWRKY31, a novel WRKY transcription factor in wheat, participates in regulation of plant drought stress tolerance.

Background: Wheat, a crucial food crop in China, is highly vulnerable to drought stress throughout its growth and development. WRKY transcription factors (TFs), being one of the largest families of TFs, play a vital role in responding to various abiotic stresses in plants.

Results: Here, we cloned and characterized the TF TaWRKY31 isolated from wheat.

Contributions of glume and awn to photosynthesis, C assimilates and grain weight in wheat ears under drought stress.

Ear photosynthesis plays a key role in wheat photosynthesis during the grain filling stage, particularly under drought stress. Thus, dissecting the responsibilities of the glume and awn in photosynthetic carbon fixation and assimilates transportation during the grain filling stage in spikes is imperative. In this study, the detachment of the glume (DG) and awn (DA) of a wheat variety (Pubing143) was used to estimate their influences on ear photosynthesis and dry matter distribution.

A Group I WRKY Gene, , Negatively Regulates Drought Resistance in Transgenic Plants.

WRKYs are one of the largest transcription factor (TF) families and play an important role in plant resistance to various stresses. TaWRKY133, a group I WRKY protein, responds to a variety of abiotic stresses, including PEG treatment. The TaWRKY133 protein is located in the nucleus of tobacco epidermal cells, and both its N-terminal and C-terminal domains exhibit transcriptional activation activity.

Inorganic Pillar Center-Facilitated Counterdiffusion Synthesis for Highly H Perm-Selective KAUST-7 Membranes.

Fluorinated metal-organic framework materials (NbOFFIVE-1-Ni, also referred to as KAUST-7) have attracted widespread attention because of their high chemical stability and thermal stability, outstanding tolerance with water and HS, and high CO-adsorption selectivity over H and CH. KAUST-7 was expected to be a new membrane material candidate for H/CO separation because of the hindered permeation of CO resulting from the interaction between CO and (NbOF) of the KAUST-7 framework. A highly H perm-selective KAUST-7 membrane was first achieved using a novel strategy of inorganic pillar center-facilitated counterdiffusion (IPCFCD) proposed by us.

Glutathione and ethylene biosynthesis reveal that the glume and lemma have better tolerance to water deficit in wheat.

As senescence progresses, the sensitivity of wheat organs to plant hormones during the grain-filling stages cannot be ignored. Especially under water deficit situation, non-leaf organs (spikes) have better photosynthesis and drought-tolerance traits than flag leaves. However, the mechanism of ethylene synthesis in wheat organs under water deficit remains unclear.

A wheat R2R3 MYB gene TaMpc1-D4 negatively regulates drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis and wheat.

MYB transcription factors (TFs) are one of the largest TF families, and R2R3-type MYB TFs participate in the multiply abiotic stress responses in wheat. In this study, an R2R3-type MYB gene Myb protein colourless 1 located on chromosome D (named TaMpc1-D4), was cloned from wheat. TaMpc1-D4-GFP protein was localized in the nucleus.

The spike plays important roles in the drought tolerance as compared to the flag leaf through the phenylpropanoid pathway in wheat.

The spike photosynthesis plays a curial role in wheat photosynthesis under drought stress. However, the mechanism of drought tolerance in the spike is still unclear. Our study compared the gas exchange parameters, antioxidant system, and phenylpropanoid pathway between the wheat flag leaf and spike in response to drought stress.

Lycopene Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis and Behavioral Disorders via Mediating Microbes-Gut-Brain Axis Balance.

Gut microbes play significant roles in colitis development. The current study was aimed to uncover the preventive effects of lycopene (LYC), a functional carotenoid component, on colitis and the accompanied behavior disorders. The current study demonstrated that LYC treatment (50 mg/kg body weight/day) for 40 days prevented the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced gut barrier damages and inflammatory responses in male mice.

Sulfur application reduces cadmium uptake in edible parts of pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) by cadmium chelation and vacuolar sequestration.

Sulfur (S) application in pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) cultivation is vital for reducing cadmium (Cd) accumulation in the plants. However, the mechanism of S application on Cd uptake and translocation in pakchoi is unclear.

A Wheat WRKY Transcription Factor TaWRKY46 Enhances Tolerance to Osmotic Stress in transgenic Arabidopsis Plants.

WRKY transcription factors play central roles in developmental processes and stress responses of wheat. Most WRKY proteins of the same group (Group III) have a similar function in abiotic stress responses in plants. , a member of Group III, was up-regulated by PEG treatment.

C4 photosynthetic enzymes play a key role in wheat spike bracts primary carbon metabolism response under water deficit.

C4 photosynthetic enzymes are present in C3 plants and participate in non-photosynthetic metabolism. Wheat spike bracts had a higher drought tolerance, photosynthesis and senesced later compared to the flag leaves under water deficit. This research was conducted to investigate the different response of primary carbon metabolism induced by C4 photosynthetic enzymes in wheat flag leaves and spike bracts including glumes and lemmas under water deficit.

Sulfur mediated improved thiol metabolism, antioxidant enzymes system and reduced chromium accumulation in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) shoots.

Chromium (Cr) pollution is at a worrying level in a region of oilseed rape production in China. Sulfur (S) is an indispensable element for plants that has been confirmed to play an important role in regulating plant response to heavy metal stress. The present study was conducted to examine the role of S in alleviating Cr toxicity in oilseed rape.

Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle and Ultrastructural Analyses of Two Kenaf Cultivars ( L.) under Chromium Stress.

Kenaf ( L.) with high tolerance to chromium (Cr) can be used in the phytoremediation of chromium-contaminated soil. However, the mechanisms of chromium accumulation and tolerance in kenaf are still unclear.

Photosynthetic and ascorbate-glutathione metabolism in the flag leaves as compared to spikes under drought stress of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Ascorbate-glutathione (ASA-GSH) cycle is a major pathway of H2O2 scavenging and an effective mechanism of detoxification in plants. The differences in photosynthesis, chlorophyll content (Chl), relative water content (RWC), antioxidants and antioxidative enzyme activities involved in ASA-GSH metabolism were measured between the flag leaves and spike bracts (glumes and lemmas) during grain filling under drought stress. The expression of APX1, GRC1, DHAR, MDHAR, GPX1, and GS3 in ASA-GSH cycle was also measured.

Sulfur Protects Pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) Seedlings against Cadmium Stress by Regulating Ascorbate-Glutathione Metabolism.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution in food chains pose a potential health risk for humans. Sulfur (S) is a significant macronutrient that plays a significant role in the regulation of plant responses to diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. However, no information is currently available about the impact of S application on ascorbate-glutathione metabolism (ASA-GSH cycle) of Pakchoi plants under Cd stress.

Genome-wide analysis of WRKY transcription factors in wheat ( L.) and differential expression under water deficit condition.

Background: WRKY proteins, which comprise one of the largest transcription factor (TF) families in the plant kingdom, play crucial roles in plant development and stress responses. Despite several studies on WRKYs in wheat ( L.), functional annotation information about wheat WRKYs is limited.

Physiological responses and tolerance of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) exposed to chromium.

Selection of kenaf species with chromium (Cr) tolerance and exploring the physiological mechanisms involved in Cr tolerance are crucial for application of these species to phyto-remediation. In the present study, a hydroponic experiment was conducted to investigate the variation in two kenaf cultivars, K39-2 and Zhe50-3 under Cr stress. At the same Cr concentration, the tolerance index (TI) of K39-2 was higher than that of Zhe50-3, indicating that K39-2 may be more tolerant to Cr than Zhe50-3.

Sulfur decreases cadmium translocation and enhances cadmium tolerance by promoting sulfur assimilation and glutathione metabolism in Brassica chinensis L.

We investigated the ameliorative role of sulfur (S) in protecting plants against cadmium (Cd) toxicity by using two pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) cultivars with different Cd tolerance levels. The exposure of pakchoi seedlings to 100μM Cd inhibited plant growth, increased superoxide content, enhanced membrane lipid peroxidation, and induced Cd accumulation in the roots and shoots.