Neuroprotective effects of metformin on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating PI3K/Akt pathway.

Metformin (Met) is a commonly used drug in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Currently, it has been found that Met can effectively reduce the incidence of stroke and exert anti-inflammatory effects. However, its role in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced nerve injury remains unclear.

Fabrication of Carbon Nanowire Arrays Using Inhomogeneous Dissolution-Diffusion Kinetics and Photoresist Pyrolysis.

We report a simple and efficient method to fabricate carbon nanowire (CNW) arrays with precise locations and spatial arrangements. This method is based on a phenomenon in photoresist (PR) development that if the exposed posts are close-spaced they are linked by some undissolved resist filaments. Pyrolysis made the residual resist filaments to shrink and form CNWs under an inert atmosphere.

Analysis of mode-hop free tuning of folded cavity grating feedback lasers.

We analytically study an external cavity laser structure including a folded cavity. A steering mirror is utilized in the folded cavity to deflect the intracavity laser beam. A mode-hop free tuning range of ∼400  GHz can be achieved by control of the steering mirror, and a fast tuning rate is expected because of the small mass of the steering mirror.