Restriction Spectrum Imaging and Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging for Assessing Proliferation Status in Rectal Carcinoma.

Objectives: To investigate the application of the three-compartment restriction spectrum imaging (RSI) model, diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in predicting Ki-67 status in rectal carcinoma.

Methods: A total of 80 rectal carcinoma patients, including 47 high-proliferation (Ki-67 > 50%) cases and 33 low-proliferation (Ki-67 ≤ 50%) cases, underwent pelvic MRI were enrolled. Parameters derived from RSI (f, f, and f), DKI (MD and MK), and DWI (ADC) were calculated and compared between the two groups.

Differentiation of glioma and solitary brain metastasis: a multi-parameter magnetic resonance imaging study using histogram analysis.

Background: Differentiation of glioma and solitary brain metastasis (SBM), which requires biopsy or multi-disciplinary diagnosis, remains sophisticated clinically. Histogram analysis of MR diffusion or molecular imaging hasn't been fully investigated for the differentiation and may have the potential to improve it.

Methods: A total of 65 patients with newly diagnosed glioma or metastases were enrolled.

Microstructural brain abnormalities and associated neurocognitive dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot study with diffusion kurtosis imaging.

Study Objectives: We assessed possible brain abnormalities in adult patients with moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea using the mean kurtosis (MK) from diffusion kurtosis imaging and analyzed the correlation between MK and cognitive function.

Methods: A total of 30 patients with moderate or severe obstructive sleep apnea and 30 healthy controls evaluated by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale were enrolled. All participants underwent diffusion kurtosis imaging and 3-dimensional T1-weighted imaging on a 3.

Differentiation of Muscular Invasion in Bladder Cancer: Additional Value of Synthetic Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Rationale And Objectives: To evaluate the potential of Synthetic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (SynMRI) in identifying muscular invasion in bladder cancer (BCa), and explore whether there is additional value in combination with the Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS).

Methods: In this prospective single-center study, pathologically-confirmed BCa were enrolled between May 2023 and November 2023. All participants underwent preoperative multiparametric MRI, including T1/T2 weighted, SynMRI and diffusion-weighted imaging.

Quantitative Relaxometry Assessment of Brain Microstructural Abnormality of Preschool Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder With Synthetic Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Objective: This study aimed to perform an assessment of brain microstructure in children with autism aged 2 to 5 years using relaxation times acquired by synthetic magnetic resonance imaging.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-four children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (ASD group) and 17 children with global developmental delay (GDD) (GDD group) were enrolled, and synthetic magnetic resonance imaging was performed to obtain T1 and T2 relaxation times. The differences in brain relaxation times between the 2 groups of children were compared, and the correlation between significantly changed T1/T2 and clinical neuropsychological scores in the ASD group was analyzed.

Evaluation of white matter microstructural alterations in premature infants with necrotizing enterocolitis.

Background: Preterm infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) are at high risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. The aim of this study was to explore the value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) combined with serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) in evaluating alterations of white matter (WM) microstructure in preterm infants with NEC.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in which all participants were consecutively enrolled at The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2017 and October 2021.

Quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced parameters and intravoxel incoherent motion facilitate the prediction of TP53 status and risk stratification of early-stage endometrial carcinoma.

Background: The aim of the study was to investigate the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) in differentiating TP53-mutant from wild type, low-risk from non-low-risk early-stage endometrial carcinoma (EC).

Patients And Methods: A total of 74 EC patients underwent pelvic MRI. Parameters volume transfer constant (K), rate transfer constant (K), the volume of extravascular extracellular space per unit volume of tissue (V), true diffusion coefficient (D), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*), and microvascular volume fraction (f) were compared.

Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Investigations on Acute and Long-Term Kidney Injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication of critical illness and carries a significant risk of short- and long-term mortality. The prediction of the progression of AKI to long-term injury has been difficult for renal disease treatment. Radiologists are keen for the early detection of transition from AKI to long-term kidney injury, which would help in the preventive measures.

Improved Differential Diagnosis Based on BI-RADS Descriptors and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient for Breast Lesions: A Multiparametric MRI Analysis as Compared to Kaiser Score.

Rationale And Objectives: To develop the nomogram utilizing the American College of Radiology BI-RADS descriptors, clinical features, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) to differentiate benign from malignant breast lesions.

Materials And Methods: A total of 341 lesions (161 malignant and 180 benign) were included. Clinical data and imaging features were reviewed.

Use of biexponential and stretched exponential models of intravoxel incoherent motion and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to assess the proliferation of endometrial carcinoma.

Background: It is important to assess the proliferation of endometrial carcinoma (EC) noninvasively using imaging methods. This prospective diagnostic study investigated the value of biexponential and stretched exponential models of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in predicting the Ki-67 status of EC.

Methods: In all, 70 patients with EC underwent pelvic MRI.

Combination of ultrafast dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI-based radiomics and artificial neural network in assessing BI-RADS 4 breast lesions: Potential to avoid unnecessary biopsies.

Objectives: To investigate whether combining radiomics extracted from ultrafast dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) with an artificial neural network enables differentiation of MR BI-RADS 4 breast lesions and thereby avoids false-positive biopsies.

Methods: This retrospective study consecutively included patients with MR BI-RADS 4 lesions. The ultrafast imaging was performed using Differential sub-sampling with cartesian ordering (DISCO) technique and the tenth and fifteenth postcontrast DISCO images (DISCO-10 and DISCO-15) were selected for further analysis.

Evaluation of the differentiation of benign and malignant breast lesions using synthetic relaxometry and the Kaiser score.

Objective: To investigate whether there is added value of quantitative parameters from synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (SyMRI) as a complement to the Kaiser score (KS) to differentiate benign and malignant breast lesions.

Materials And Methods: In this single-institution study, 122 patients who underwent breast MRI from March 2020 to May 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. SyMRI and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI were performed using a 3.

Assessment of Fasudil on Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury Using Multiparametric Renal MRI.

To evaluate the utility of fasudil in a rat model of contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) and explore its underlying mechanism through multiparametric renal magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). Experimental rats ( = 72) were grouped as follows: controls ( = 24), CA-AKI ( = 24), or CA-AKI + Fasudil ( = 24). All animals underwent two mpMRI studies (arterial spin labeling, T1 and T2 mapping) at baseline and post iopromide/fasudil injection (Days 1, 3, 7, and 13 respectively).

Evaluation of Amide Proton Transfer-Weighted Imaging for Risk Factors in Stage I Endometrial Cancer: A Comparison With Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging.

Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies in clinical practice. This study aimed to compare the value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), and amide proton transfer-weighted imaging (APTWI) in the assessment of risk stratification factors for stage I EC including histological subtype, grade, stage, and lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI).

Methods: A total of 72 patients with stage I EC underwent pelvic MRI.

More Than Just Statics: Temporal Dynamic Changes in Inter- and Intrahemispheric Functional Connectivity in First-Episode, Drug-Naive Patients With Major Depressive Disorder.

Several functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have demonstrated abnormalities in static intra- and interhemispheric functional connectivity among diverse brain regions in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the dynamic changes in intra- and interhemispheric functional connectivity patterns in patients with MDD remain unclear. Fifty-eight first-episode, drug-naive patients with MDD and 48 age-, sex-, and education level-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state fMRI.

Freezing of Gait in Multiple System Atrophy.

Background And Purpose: Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common gait disturbance phenomenon in multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients. The current investigation assessed the incidence FOG in a cross-sectional clinical study, and clinical correlations associated with it.

Methods: Ninety-nine MSA patients from three hospitals in China were consecutively enrolled in the study.

Added-value of texture analysis of ADC in predicting the survival of patients with 2018 FIGO stage IIICr cervical cancer treated by concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Purpose: To investigate the value of texture analysis of ADC in predicting the survival of patients with 2018 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IIICr cervical squamous cell cancer (CSCC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Methods: A total of 91 patients with stage IIICr CSCC treated by CCRT between January 2014 and December 2018 were retrospectivelyenrolled in this study. Clinical variables and 21 first-order texture features extracted from ADC maps were collected.

Comparative analysis of the value of amide proton transfer-weighted imaging and diffusion kurtosis imaging in evaluating the histological grade of cervical squamous carcinoma.

Background: Uterine cervical cancer (UCC) was the fourth leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. The conventional MRI hardly revealing the microstructure information. This study aimed to compare the value of amide proton transfer-weighted imaging (APTWI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in evaluating the histological grade of cervical squamous carcinoma (CSC) in addition to routine diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).

Diffusion kurtosis imaging and arterial spin labeling for the noninvasive evaluation of persistent post-contrast acute kidney injury.

Objective: We investigated whether diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and arterial spin labeling (ASL) facilitated the assessment of serial alterations in persistent post-contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI).

Materials And Methods: We randomly divided 24 rats into four PC-AKI groups (days 1, 3, 7, and 13, n = 6/group), with an additional six control animals. We conducted functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), and arterial spin-labeling (ASL) analyses.

Added-value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI on prediction of tumor recurrence in locally advanced cervical cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy.

Objectives: To evaluate whether the DCE-MRI derived parameters integrated into clinical and conventional imaging variables may improve the prediction of tumor recurrence for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) patients following concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Methods: Between March 2014 and November 2019, 79 consecutive LACC patients who underwent pelvic MRI examinations with DCE-MRI sequence before treatment were prospectively enrolled. The primary outcome was disease-free survival (DFS).

Investigation of Synthetic Relaxometry and Diffusion Measures in the Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions as Compared to BI-RADS.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women and a quantitative contrast-free method is highly desirable for its diagnosis.

Purpose: To investigate the performance of quantitative MRI in differentiating malignant from benign breast lesions and to compare with the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS).

Study Type: Retrospective.

Efficacy of delayed F-FDG hybrid PET/MRI for epileptic focus identification: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: We sought to investigate the contribution of delayed F-FDG imaging data to epileptogenic zone (EZ) identification using a hybrid positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) system.

Methods: Forty-one patients with epilepsy underwent a brain dual time point F-FDG PET/MRI examination. All early imaging was acquired at approximately 40 min.