Review on pathogenesis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

The rising incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the associated economic impacts has prompted a global focus in the field. In recent years, there has been a growing understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of AD, including the aggregation of β-amyloid, hyperphosphorylated tau, and neuroinflammation. These processes collectively lead to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline, which ultimately results in the loss of autonomy in patients.

Prediction of Postoperative Sore Throat in Patients After Day-case Surgery With General Anesthesia: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a major complaint after day-case surgery. The objectives of this study were to investigate the risk factors for POST and develop a stratified nursing model for POST after day-case surgery.

Design: This case-control study was conducted at Department of Anesthesiology of 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University in Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Postoperative pain after different doses of remifentanil infusion during anaesthesia: a meta-analysis.

Background: This meta-analysis aimed to explore the correlation between the different doses of remifentanil-based anaesthesia and postoperative pain in randomised trials.

Methods: The electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane, clinical trial registries, and Google Scholar were searched up to November 2022 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the dose dependent efficacy of remifentanil for postoperative pain intensity and hyperalgesia.

Results: 31 studies involving 2019 patients were included for analysis.

Effect of superior laryngeal nerve block in alleviating sore throat after application of i-gel supraglottic airway: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a common complaint after supraglottic airway device (SAD) application. Internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (iSLN) block has the potential to alleviate POST. The aim of this trial was to explore the effect of iSLN block in alleviating sore throat, as well as to identify the potential risk factors for POST after SAD insertion.

Application Areas of Intermittent Pneumatic Compression in the Prevention of Deep Vein Thrombosis During Dixon Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Purpose: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is common in the lithotomy position after laparoscopic surgery. Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) plays an important role in DVT prevention. However, few studies have compared the different compression areas of IPC application.

The effects of ECMO on neurological function recovery of critical patients: A double-edged sword.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) played an important role in the treatment of patients with critical care such as cardiac arrest (CA) and acute respiratory distress syndrome. ECMO is gradually showing its advantages in terms of speed and effectiveness of circulatory support, as it provides adequate cerebral blood flow (CBF) to the patient and ensures the perfusion of organs. ECMO enhances patient survival and improves their neurological prognosis.

Predictors of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Same-day Surgery: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are main issues after same-day surgery. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the electronic medical records of patients who underwent same-day operations under general anesthesia to identify the potential risk factors for PONV.

Methods: Records of 7759 adult patients who received general anesthesia with remifentanil were reviewed.

Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve block by dexamethasone alleviates sore throat after thyroidectomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a common complaint following thyroidectomy. Dexamethasone was reported to alleviate POST when administered via different routes. This study aimed to compare the effects of local spray and perineural injection surrounding the internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve (iSLN) in preventing POST and alleviating postoperative impaired voice function.

Classic Signaling Pathways in Alveolar Injury and Repair Involved in Sepsis-Induced ALI/ARDS: New Research Progress and Prospect.

Sepsis is a common critical clinical disease with high mortality that can cause approximately 10 million deaths worldwide each year. Acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common clinical complication of sepsis, which occurs primarily as diffuse alveolar injury, hypoxemia, and respiratory distress. The mortality rate of ALI/ARDS is as high as 30%-40%, which greatly endangers human health.

Clinical observation of different targeted temperature management methods in patients with cardiac arrest.

Objective: To explore the clinical value of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) combined with different targeted temperature management (TTM) for the treatment of cardiac arrest.

Methods: From January 2018 to September 2020, ECPR was initiated in patients with cardiac arrest who did not have their spontaneous circulation restored after 20 minutes of traditional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). A total of 22 patients (observation group) given TTM were treated with Hico-variotherm 550 (HU 550) and 30 patients (control group) not given TTM were treated with a medical water circulation cooling blanket.

KCC2 receptor upregulation potentiates antinociceptive effect of GABAAR agonist on remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia.

GABAergic system disinhibition played an important role in the pathogenesis of remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia (RIH). K-Cl-cotransporter-2 (KCC2) has the potential to enhance the strength of GABAergic signaling function. However, few reports have focused on the additive analgesic effect of KCC2 enhancer and GABAA receptor agonist on the spinal dorsal horn.

Rapid synthesis and characterization of silver-loaded graphene oxide nanomaterials and their antibacterial applications.

With the promising potential application of Ag/graphene-based nanomaterials in medicine and engineering materials, the large-scale production has attracted great interest of researchers on the basis of green synthesis. In this study, water-soluble silver/graphene oxide (Ag/GO) nanomaterials were synthesized under ultrasound-assisted conditions. The structural characteristics of Ag/GO were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersion spectroscopy, respectively.

[Mechanism of thymol inhibiting : PAO-HO system].

Gray mold disease caused by infection is one of the major crop diseases. The application of environmental-friendly fungicides to control gray mold disease has been drawing great attention. Thymol, a natural compound, showed strong antifungal activity against .

Antimicrobial Activity and Resistance: Influencing Factors.

Rational use of antibiotic is the key approach to improve the antibiotic performance and tackling of the antimicrobial resistance. The efficacy of antimicrobials are influenced by many factors: (1) bacterial status (susceptibility and resistance, tolerance, persistence, biofilm) and inoculum size; (2) antimicrobial concentrations [mutant selection window (MSW) and sub-inhibitory concentration]; (3) host factors (serum effect and impact on gut micro-biota). Additional understandings regarding the linkage between antimicrobial usages, bacterial status and host response offers us new insights and encourage the struggle for the designing of antimicrobial treatment regimens that reaching better clinical outcome and minimizing the emergence of resistance at the same time.