Fate of dissolved organic matter in thermal hydrolysis pretreatment aided autothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion of high solid sludge.

Thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP) combined with autothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion (ATAD) process is a novel technology to achieve rapid stabilization of high solid sludge. In this study, the molecular transformation pathway of dissolved organic matter (DOM) during THP-ATAD process was analyzed by Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS). The findings indicated that the removal of volatile solids from sludge containing 15% total solids achieved a rate of 40.

Tailoring Oxygen Reduction Selectivity for Acidic HO Electrosynthesis on Single-Atom Co-N-C Catalyst via PEG Post-treatment.

The selective two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for HO electrosynthesis provides a promising alternative to anthraquinone-based redox technology. However, atomically dispersed Co-N-C materials routinely lead the ORR process to follow a four-electron path via accessible Co-N moieties rather than terminating in competitive HO production. Herein, we demonstrate that by simultaneously reconstructing Co-N-C and modifying oxygen functional groups into a Co-adjacent carbon matrix through low-temperature pyrolysis with oxygen-containing molecules, a Co SAC four-electron catalyst with typical Co-N sites can be transformed into a Co SAC-PEG electrocatalyst with high HO selectivity.

Distribution, removal and potential factors affecting antibiotics occurrence in leachate from municipal solid waste incineration plants in China.

Leachate from municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration harbors a plethora of contaminants, including antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, the understanding of such leachate is markedly scant in comparison to that of landfill leachate. In this study, the distribution and removal of 8 sulfonamides (SAs), 4 quinolones (FQs), and 4 macrolides (MLs) antibiotics in leachate from 14 MSW incineration plants in representative cities across different regions of China were investigated.

In situ growth of defective ZIF-8 on TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils for rapid response release of curcumin in food preservation.

Uncontrolled release of active agents in active packaging reduces antimicrobial efficacy, hindering the effective protection of perishable products from microbial infection. Herein, a novel defective engineering was proposed to design defective and hollow ZIF-8 structures grown on TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNFs) and use them as fast-reacting nanocarriers for loading and controlled release curcumin (Cur) in sodium alginate (SA) active packaging systems (CZT-Cur-SA). By employing stable chelation between tannic acid (TA) and ZIF-8 zinc ions, the connections between zinc ions and imidazole ligands were severed to form a loose and hollow structure, which facilitates the rapid reaction and release of active ingredients triggered by pH changes in the microenvironment.

The impact of positive activities on mental health: the mediating role of positive emotion.

Objective: Mental health has become a widely concerned topic worldwide. However, the impact and mechanism of positive activities on mental health still needed to be explored. This study aimed to apply the positive-activity model to investigate the effect of participation in positive activities on mental health and the mediating role of positive emotion.

Asymmetric Structural MXene/PBO Aerogels for High-Performance Electromagnetic Interference Shielding with Ultra-Low Reflection.

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with low electromagnetic (EM) waves reflection characteristics are ideal materials for blocking EM radiation and pollution. Materials with low reflectivity must be constructed using materials with excellent EM waves absorption properties. However, materials simultaneously possessing both low reflectivity and excellent EMI shielding performance remain scarce, consequently, multilayer structures need to be developed.

Structurally robust chitosan-based active packaging film by Pickering emulsion containing tree essential oil for pork preservation.

The unstable structure of Pickering emulsion caused the fast release of active substance from active packaging and failure food preservation. Herein, a novel in-situ condensation strategy was proposed to construct sustained released chitosan (CS)-based active packaging film, in which the soybean separation protein (SPI)-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) emulsion (SCCE) containing tea tree essential oil (TTO) was physically incorporated into CS matrix. Originating from the strong electrostatic interaction of negatively charged SPI-CMC emulsion and positively charged CS matrix, a robust shell was in-situ formed on the outermost layer and served as armor to boost the structural stability of emulsion.

Redox active metallene anchored amino-functionalized cellulose composite for electrochemical capture and conversion of chromium.

Considering the ubiquity and high toxicity of Cr(VI) species for destroying a sustainable environment, developing energy-efficient method for capturing and detoxifying chromium [Cr(VI) → Cr(III)] is imperative. Herein, ferrocene (Fc) was combined with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) for Cr(VI) remediation. Fc species possessed reversible redox behavior and low ionization potential, yet it faced challenges with conductivity and stability.

A green strategy to realize the high value utilization of lignin for hydrogel formation.

Grafting lignin extracted from pulping black liquor onto hydrogel not only endows hydrogel with strong adsorption capacity, but also realizes the high value utilization of lignin, thereby alleviating the environmental pressure caused by the exhaust gas generated by direct combustion of black liquor. However, those lignin fragments have lost generous active functional groups as the high temperature polycondensation during industrial production, restricting the improvement of lignin-based hydrogel adsorption capacity. Herein, we propose a strategy combining amination and oxidation to prepare lignin derivatives with low molecular weight and high activity groups.

Excellent Low-Frequency Microwave Absorption and High Thermal Conductivity in Polydimethylsiloxane Composites Endowed by Hydrangea-Like CoNi@BN Heterostructure Fillers.

The advancement of thin, lightweight, and high-power electronic devices has increasingly exacerbated issues related to electromagnetic interference and heat accumulation. To address these challenges, a spray-drying-sintering process is employed to assemble chain-like CoNi and flake boron nitride (BN) into hydrangea-like CoNi@BN heterostructure fillers. These fillers are then composited with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to develop CoNi@BN/PDMS composites, which integrate low-frequency microwave absorption and thermal conductivity.

Combined pretreatment of malic acid and kraft pulping for the production of fermentable sugars and highly active lignin.

The separation and utilization of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in lignocellulosic biorefineries present significant challenges. This study proposes a pretreatment method for biomass refining by combining acid and kraft pulping. Firstly, the biomass was pretreated by malic acid, resulting in the isolation of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) with a yield of 86.

Overcoming metals redox rate limitations in spinel oxide-driven Fenton-like reactions via synergistic heteroatom doping and carbon anchoring for efficient micropollutant removal.

The transition metals redox rate limitations of spinel oxides during Fenton-like reactions hinder its efficient and sustainable treatment of actual wastewater. Herein, we propose to optimize the electronic structure of Co-Mn spinel oxide (CM) via sulfur doping and carbon matrix anchoring synergistically, enhancing the radicals-nonradicals Fenton-like processes for efficient water decontamination. Activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) with optimised spinel oxide (CMSAC) achieved near-complete removal of ofloxacin (10 mg/L) within 6 min, showing 8.

pH-dependent mechanisms of sulfadiazine degradation by natural pyrite-driven heterogeneous Fenton-like reactions.

The development of a natural pyrite/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) system for the removal of antibiotic contamination from water represented an economic and green sustainable strategy. Yet, a noteworthy knowledge gap remained considering the underlying reaction mechanism of the system, particularly in relation to its pH sensitivity. Herein, this paper investigated the impacts of critical reaction parameters and initial pH levels on the degradation of sulfadiazine (SDZ, 3 mg/L) in the pyrite/PMS system, and elucidated the pH dependence of the reaction mechanism.

Biodegradable and multifunctional black mulch film decorated with darkened lignin induced by iron ions for "green" agriculture.

High-value utilization of bleached lignin has been widely used in different fields, whereas the investigation on darkened lignin in composite materials was often ignored. In this work, a sort of eco-friendly and structurally robust sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) black composite mulch film was elaborately designed. The chelation and redox reaction effect between Fe ions and SLS lead to the formation of a more quinones structure on lignin, darkening both lignin and the mulch films.

Deep learning-based multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) nomogram for predicting Ki-67 expression in rectal cancer.

Purpose: To explore the value of deep learning-based multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) nomogram in predicting the Ki-67 expression in rectal cancer.

Methods: The data of 491 patients with rectal cancer from two centers were retrospectively analyzed and divided into training, internal validation, and external validation sets. They were categorized into high- and low-expression group based on postoperative pathological Ki-67 expression.

MRI-based radiomics for preoperative prediction of recurrence and metastasis in rectal cancer.

Objectives: To explore the value of multi-parametric MRI (mp-MRI) radiomic model for preoperative prediction of recurrence and/or metastasis (RM) as well as survival benefits in patients with rectal cancer.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 234 patients from two centers with histologically confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma was conducted. All patients were divided into three groups: training, internal validation (in-vad) and external validation (ex-vad) sets.

Leachate from municipal solid waste landfills: A neglected source of microplastics in the environment.

Over the past decade or so, microplastics (MPs) have received increasing attention due to their ubiquity and potential risk to the environment. Waste plastics usually end up in landfills. These plastics in landfills undergo physical compression, chemical oxidation, and biological decomposition, breaking down into MPs.

A novel radiomics based on multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging for predicting Ki-67 expression in rectal cancer: a multicenter study.

Background: To explore the value of multiparametric MRI markers for preoperative prediction of Ki-67 expression among patients with rectal cancer.

Methods: Data from 259 patients with postoperative pathological confirmation of rectal adenocarcinoma who had received enhanced MRI and Ki-67 detection was divided into 4 cohorts: training (139 cases), internal validation (in-valid, 60 cases), and external validation (ex-valid, 60 cases) cohorts. The patients were divided into low and high Ki-67 expression groups.

Target-prepared sludge biochar-derived synergistic Mn and N/O induces high-performance periodate activation for reactive iodine radicals generation towards ofloxacin degradation.

Converting waste activated sludge into catalysts for the removal of antibiotics in water fulfils the dual purpose of waste-to-resource and hazardous pollution elimination. In this study, sludge-derived biochar (SDB) for efficient periodate (PI) activation was first prepared via one-step pyrolysis of potassium permanganate-polyhexamethylenebiguanide conditioned sludge without additional modification. The SDB (750 °C)-PI system degraded 100% ofloxacin (OFL, 41.

Unveiling the occurrence, distribution, removal, and environmental impacts of 65 emerging contaminants in neglected fresh leachate from municipal solid waste incineration plants.

Emerging contaminants (ECs) are commonly found in environmental media. Yet leachate from municipal solid waste incineration plants (MSWIPs), which can serve as a reservoir for various contaminants, including ECs, has received little investigation. To address this gap, 65 ECs were analyzed in the fresh leachate and biological effluent from three major MSWIPs in Shanghai.

Factors affecting the durability of dimethyl dithiocarbamate-stabilized air pollution control (APC) residues derived from municipal solid waste incineration.

Sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate (SDD) is widely used for stabilizing heavy metals to minimize pollution from air pollution control (APC) residues derived from municipal solid waste incineration. However, the effect of environmental conditions on heavy metal leaching from SDD-stabilized APC residues remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the durability of SDD-stabilized APC residues and determine the relationship between heavy metal leaching and environmental factors, including pH, temperature, and oxygen.

Deep learning-based radiomic nomograms for predicting Ki67 expression in prostate cancer.

Background: To explore the value of a multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based deep learning model for the preoperative prediction of Ki67 expression in prostate cancer (PCa).

Materials: The data of 229 patients with PCa from two centers were retrospectively analyzed and divided into training, internal validation, and external validation sets. Deep learning features were extracted and selected from each patient's prostate multiparametric MRI (diffusion-weighted imaging, T2-weighted imaging, and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging sequences) data to establish a deep radiomic signature and construct models for the preoperative prediction of Ki67 expression.