High-risk Growth Trajectory Related to Childhood Overweight/Obesity and Its Predictive Model at Birth.

Context: Childhood obesity increases the risk of chronic disease in adulthood.

Objective: To construct an early predictive model for a growth trajectory that is highly related to childhood overweight/obesity.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

[Efficacy and safety of lactase additive in preterm infants with lactose intolerance: a prospective randomized controlled trial].

Objective: To study the efficacy and safety of lactase additive in improving lactose intolerance in preterm infants.

Methods: A total of 60 preterm infants with lactose intolerance who were admitted to the Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2018 to December 2019 were randomly divided into a lactase treatment group and a control group, with 30 infants in each group. The infants in the lactase treatment group were given 4 drops of lactase additive (180 mg) added into preterm formula or breast milk, and those in the control group were given placebo, oral administration of probiotics (live combined , and powder) at half an hour after feeding (1 g each time, twice a day), and clockwise abdominal massage around the belly button at 1 hour after feeding for 15 minutes each time, 3 times a day.

Antibiotic resistance in neonates in China 2012-2019: A multicenter study.

Background: To investigate antibiotic resistance of pathogens responsible for neonatal invasive bacterial infections (IBIs) in China.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of neonates with IBI evaluated in nine hospitals in China (January 2012-August 2019). Antibiotic resistance patterns of pathogens responsible for neonatal IBIs were analyzed.

An improved clinical prediction rule for identifying neonatal bacterial meningitis: a multicenter cohort study.

Background: To refine the bacterial meningitis (BM) score by improving its predictability of neonatal BM.

Methods: A multicenter, ambispective cohort study was conducted in China, comprising 9 hospitals (retrospective cohort: January 2001 to December 2017; prospective cohort: January 2018 to August 2019). Of 3,504 eligible full-term neonates, 475 neonates with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis were included.

A risk score based on pediatric sequential organ failure assessment predicts 90-day mortality in children with Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection.

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection (Kp-BSI) is a serious threat to pediatric patients. The objective of this study was to explore the risk factors, validate the prediction efficiency of pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and establish better early predictors of mortality in pediatric patients with Kp-BSI.

Methods: All children diagnosed with Kp-BSI were included in this retrospective cohort study from January 2009 to June 2019.

Role of Interleukin-33 in -Induced Septicemia.

Interleukin (IL)-33 is a member of the IL-1 family, which plays an important role in inflammatory response. In this study, we evaluated the effect of IL-33 on septicemia and the underlying mechanisms by establishing a ()-induced septicemic mouse model. The expression of IL-33, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-22, and PGE2 were measured by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and bacterial colony formation in peripheral blood and kidneys were counted postinfection.

Clinical utility in infants with suspected monogenic conditions through next-generation sequencing.

Background: Rare diseases are complex disorders with huge variability in clinical manifestations. Decreasing cost of next-generation sequencing (NGS) tests in recent years made it affordable. We witnessed the diagnostic yield and clinical use of different NGS strategies on a myriad of monogenic disorders in a pediatric setting.

Etiology and Clinical Features of Full-Term Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Neonatal bacterial meningitis is a severe infectious disease with a high risk of neurodevelopmental sequelae. The causative pathogens may be related to specific clinical features of the disease. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the pathogen-specific and clinical features of bacterial meningitis in full-term neonates.

Comparing Single vs. Combined Cerebrospinal Fluid Parameters for Diagnosing Full-Term Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis.

To identify and compare the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters that predict the presence of neonatal bacterial meningitis using optimal cutoff values, and to derive and compare predictive profiles based on a combination of individual parameters for the same purpose. The retrospective component of the Shanghai Neonate Meningitis Cohort included all term neonates who underwent lumbar puncture between 2000 and 2017. Those with severe neurological diseases, histories of ventricular drainage, or traumatic lumbar punctures were excluded.

[Early rehabilitation intervention reduces the incidence of extrauterine growth retardation in preterm infants].

Objective: To investigate the effect of early rehabilitation intervention on the incidences of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) and early diseases in preterm infants.

Methods: The appropriate-for-gestational-age preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks and a birth weight of 1 000 to <2 000 g who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) within 24 hours after birth were enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled trial. These infants were randomly divided into rehabilitation intervention group and control group.

Clinical Prognosis in Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis: The Role of Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein.

Neonates are at high risk of meningitis and of resulting neurologic complications. Early recognition of neonates at risk of poor prognosis would be helpful in providing timely management. From January 2008 to June 2014, we enrolled 232 term neonates with bacterial meningitis admitted to 3 neonatology departments in Shanghai, China.

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 and 13 Induce C3H10T1/2 Cell Differentiation to Cardiomyocyte-Like Cells In Vitro.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) and BMP13 on cardiac differentiation of C3H10T1/2 cells in vitro and to characterize the differentiated cells on their ultrastructure and transmembrane electrophysiological features. C3H10T1/2 cells were transfected with the vectors for BMP9 or BMP13 and differentiated into cardiomyocytes in vitro for up to 28 days. The expression of cardiac-specific genes Gata4 and Mef2c and proteins troponin T (cTnT) and connexin 43 (Cx43) was significantly increased in the cells transfected with BMP9 or BMP13 after differentiation over the controls as evaluated using quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining.