Advances in preclinical and clinical studies of oncolytic virus combination therapy.

Oncolytic viruses represent a distinct class of viruses that selectively infect and destroy tumor cells while sparing normal cells. Despite their potential, oncolytic viruses encounter several challenges as standalone therapies. Consequently, the combination of oncolytic viruses with other therapeutic modalities has emerged as a prominent research focus.

Identification of the entosis-related prognostic signature and tumour microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma on the basis of bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.

Liver cancer ranks among the deadliest cancers worldwide. Entosis, a recently uncovered method of cell death, has not yet been fully explored for its relevance to HCC. A bioinformatics analysis was performed to determine the expression and mutational landscapes of Entosis-related genes (ERGs).

Hyperacute rejection-engineered oncolytic virus for interventional clinical trial in refractory cancer patients.

Recently, oncolytic virus (OV) therapy has shown great promise in treating malignancies. However, intravenous safety and inherent lack of immunity are two significant limitations in clinical practice. Herein, we successfully developed a recombinant Newcastle disease virus with porcine α1,3GT gene (NDV-GT) triggering hyperacute rejection.

Moxifloxacin-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles for Overcoming Multidrug Resistance in Chronic Pulmonary Infections Caused by .

() infections are increasingly challenging due to their propensity to form biofilms and low outer membrane permeability, especially in chronically infected patients with thick mucus. exhibits multiple drug resistance mechanisms, making it one of the most significant global public health threats. In this study, we found that moxifloxacin (MXC) and antibacterial peptides (ε-poly-l-lysine, ε-PLL) exhibited a synergistic effect against multidrug-resistant (MDR-).

Heterogeneity of tumor-associated neutrophils in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Neutrophils are the most abundant cell type in human blood and play a crucial role in the immune system and development of tumors. This review begins with the generation and development of neutrophils, traces their release from the bone marrow into the bloodstream, and finally discusses their role in the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) microenvironment. It elaborates in detail the mechanisms by which tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) exert antitumor or protumor effects under the influence of various mediators in the tumor microenvironment.

Chromophore-Assisted Light Inactivation for Protein Degradation and Its Application in Biomedicine.

The functional investigation of proteins holds immense significance in unraveling physiological and pathological mechanisms of organisms as well as advancing the development of novel pharmaceuticals in biomedicine. However, the study of cellular protein function using conventional genetic manipulation methods may yield unpredictable outcomes and erroneous conclusions. Therefore, precise modulation of protein activity within cells holds immense significance in the realm of biomedical research.

Anticancer Mechanism of Polysaccharide and Its Application in Cancer Immunotherapy.

polysaccharide (APS) derived from plays a crucial role in traditional Chinese medicine. These polysaccharides have shown antitumor effects and are considered safe. Thus, they have become increasingly important in cancer immunotherapy.

The Involvement of Ascorbic Acid in Cancer Treatment.

Vitamin C (VC), also known as ascorbic acid, plays a crucial role as a water-soluble nutrient within the human body, contributing to a variety of metabolic processes. Research findings suggest that increased doses of VC demonstrate potential anti-tumor capabilities. This review delves into the mechanisms of VC absorption and its implications for cancer management.

Microalgae-loaded biocompatible alginate microspheres for tissue repair.

Hydrogel-based microcarriers have demonstrated effectiveness in wound repair treatments. The current research focus is creating and optimizing active microcarriers containing natural ingredients capable of conforming to diverse wound shapes and depths. Here, microalgae (MA)-loaded living alginate hydrogel microspheres were successfully fabricated via microfluidic electrospray technology, to enhance the effectiveness of wound healing.

Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles: A novel nanotool for disease therapy.

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles comprising bilayer phospholipid membranes and are secreted by eukaryotic cells. They are released via cellular exocytosis, contain DNA, RNA, proteins, and other substances, and participate in various cellular communications between tissues and organs. Since the discovery of exosomes in 1983, animal-derived exosomes have become a research focus for small-molecule drug delivery in biology, medicine, and other fields owing to their good biocompatibility and homing effects.

Heterogeneity and interplay: the multifaceted role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in the tumor and therapeutic strategies.

The journey of cancer development is a multifaceted and staged process. The array of treatments available for cancer varies significantly, dictated by the disease's type and stage. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), prevalent across various cancer types and stages, play a pivotal role in tumor genesis, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance.

Zinc-Iron Bimetallic Peroxides Modulate the Tumor Stromal Microenvironment and Enhance Cell Immunogenicity for Enhanced Breast Cancer Immunotherapy Therapy.

Immunotherapy has emerged as a potential approach for breast cancer treatment. However, the rigid stromal microenvironment and low immunogenicity of breast tumors strongly reduce sensitivity to immunotherapy. To sensitize patients to breast cancer immunotherapy, hyaluronic acid-modified zinc peroxide-iron nanocomposites (Fe-ZnO@HA, abbreviated FZOH) were synthesized to remodel the stromal microenvironment and increase tumor immunogenicity.

Different Targeting Ligands-Mediated Drug Delivery Systems for Tumor Therapy.

Traditional tumor treatments have the drawback of harming both tumor cells and normal cells, leading to significant systemic toxic side effects. As a result, there is a pressing need for targeted drug delivery methods that can specifically target cells or tissues. Currently, researchers have made significant progress in developing targeted drug delivery systems for tumor therapy using various targeting ligands.

Exploration of the Delivery of Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus by Gelatin Methacryloyl Microneedles.

Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus is a new type of cancer immunotherapy drug. This paper proposes a scheme for delivering oncolytic viruses using hydrogel microneedles. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) was synthesized by chemical grafting, and GelMA microneedles encapsulating oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) were prepared by micro-molding and photocrosslinking.

Application of CRISPR/Cas13a-based biosensors in serum marker detection.

The detection of serum markers is important for the early diagnosis and monitoring of diseases, but conventional detection methods have the problem of low specificity or sensitivity. CRISPR/Cas13a-based biosensors have the characteristics of simple detection methods and high sensitivity, which have a certain potential to solve the problems of conventional detection. This paper focuses on the research progress of CRISPR/Cas13a-based biosensors in serum marker detection, introduces the principles and applications of fluorescence, electrochemistry, colorimetric, and other biosensors based on CRISPR/Cas13a in the detection of serum markers, compares and analyzes the differences between the above CRISPR/Cas13a-based biosensors, and looks forward to the future development direction of CRISPR/Cas13a-based biosensors.

Improving the therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic viruses for cancer: targeting macrophages.

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) for cancer treatment are in a rapid stage of development, and the direct tumor lysis and activation of a comprehensive host immune response are irreplaceable advantages of cancer immunotherapy. However, excessive antiviral immune responses also restrict the spread of OVs in vivo and the infection of tumor cells. Macrophages are functionally diverse innate immune cells that phagocytose tumor cells and present antigens to activate the immune response, while also limiting the delivery of OVs to tumors.

Fluorescent "turn-on" aptamer sensor for sensitive and reliable detection of Golgi glycoprotein 73 based on nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots and molybdenum disulfide nanosheets.

The sensitivity and specificity of Golgi glycoprotein 73 (GP73) are very important for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Herein, we constructed a new-fashioned fluorescent aptamer sensor for GP73 determination based on nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQD) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS) nanosheets. N-GQDs with high fluorescence intensity and good stability were screened out, and GP73 aptamer (GP73) is labeled with N-GQDs to form the N-GQDs-GP73 fluorescence probe.

Oncolytic viral vectors in the era of diversified cancer therapy: from preclinical to clinical.

With the in-depth research and wide application of immunotherapy recently, new therapies based on oncolytic viruses are expected to create new prospects for cancer treatment via eliminating the suppression of the immune system by tumors. Currently, an increasing number of viruses are developed and engineered, and various virus vectors based on effectively stimulating human immune system to kill tumor cells have been approved for clinical treatment. Although the virus can retard the proliferation of tumor cells, the choice of oncolytic viruses in biological cancer therapy is equally critical given their therapeutic efficacy, safety and adverse effects.

CD105: tumor diagnosis, prognostic marker and future tumor therapeutic target.

Cancer is one of the diseases with the highest morbidity and mortality rates worldwide, and its therapeutic options are inadequate. The endothelial glycoprotein, also known as CD105, is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein located on the surface of the cell membranes and it is one of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptor complexes. It regulates the responses associated with binding to transforming growth factor β1 egg (Activin-A), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), and bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7).

A fluorescence aptasensor based on GSH@GQDs and RGO for the detection of Glypican-3.

Glypican-3 (GPC3), a heparin sulfate proteoglycan, is a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma. In this paper, a novel fluorescent aptasensor for GPC3 detection is constructed via glutathione@graphene quantum dots-labeled GPC3 aptamer (GSH@GQDs-GPC3) as a fluorescence probe. First, GSH@GQDs is screened out with higher fluorescence intensity, which emits bright blue fluorescence under ultraviolet light.