Comparison of total energy intakes estimated by 24-hour diet recall with total energy expenditure measured by the doubly labeled water method in adults.

Background/objectives: The doubly labeled water (DLW) method is the gold standard for estimating total energy expenditure (TEE) and is also useful for verifying the validities of dietary evaluation tools. In this study, we compared the accuracy of total energy intakes (TEI) estimated by the 24-h diet recall method with TEE obtained using the doubly labeled water method.

Subjects/methods: This study involved 71 subjects aged 20-49 yrs.

Semiautomated fabrication of a custom orbital prosthesis with 3-dimensional printing technology.

The fabrication of orbital prostheses is complex and time-consuming. A virtual orbital prosthesis and its negative mold are presented by using a 3D printer. This method avoids damage to the soft tissue or patient discomfort and reduces the time and skill required to fabricate a custom orbital prosthesis.

Classification of Iris Colors and Patterns in Koreans.

Objectives: The iris is the part of the eye that is colored, and it is an important feature in making an artificial eye. To address the lack of information about the brown Korean irises, we classified the colors and patterns of the irises of 100 Korean eyes.

Methods: The iris colors were extracted from 100 different digital photographs of each eye using K-mean clustering image analysis.

Validation of dietary reference intake equations for estimating energy requirements in Korean adults by using the doubly labeled water method.

Background/objectives: The doubly labeled water (DLW) method is considered the gold standard for the measurement of total energy expenditure (TEE), which serves to estimate energy requirements. This study evaluated the accuracy of predictive dietary reference intake (DRI) equations for determining the estimated energy requirements (EER) of Korean adults by using the DLW as a reference method.

Subjects/methods: Seventy-one participants (35 men and 36 women) aged between 20 and 49 years were included in the study.

Estimating free-living human energy expenditure: Practical aspects of the doubly labeled water method and its applications.

The accuracy and noninvasive nature of the doubly labeled water (DLW) method makes it ideal for the study of human energy metabolism in free-living conditions. However, the DLW method is not always practical in many developing and Asian countries because of the high costs of isotopes and equipment for isotope analysis as well as the expertise required for analysis. This review provides information about the theoretical background and practical aspects of the DLW method, including optimal dose, basic protocols of two- and multiple-point approaches, experimental procedures, and isotopic analysis.

Does frequent eating out cause undesirable food choices? Association of food away from home with food consumption frequencies and obesity among Korean housewives.

This study examined the relationship among socioeconomic factors, frequency of food away from home (FAFH) and food-consumption patterns of 1,070 housewives, and the association of those factors with obesity, using data from the third Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Although lower intakes of fruits, meats, and fast foods were associated with seldom eating out, no consistent pattern was observed regarding the relationship between the frequency of FAFH and food consumption for all groups of housewives. Further analysis indicated that obesity rates were lower among housewives aged 20-49 years with 7-12 years of education and moderate eating-out frequency, compared to older, less educated women.

Dietary patterns of obese high school girls: snack consumption and energy intake.

In order to develop an obesity management program for teenagers, we compared obese and non-obese girls attending high schools in terms of their dietary practices related to snack consumption. Dietary records were collected for 7 days. No significant differences were found for the average daily energy intake between obese and non-obese girls.

Zinc status and dietary quality of type 2 diabetic patients: implication of physical activity level.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships among zinc status, diet quality, glycemic control and self-rated physical activity level of type 2 diabetic patients. Dietary intakes for two non-consecutive days were measured by 24-hour recall method for seventy-six diabetic patients. Fasting blood glucose and HbA1c were measured for the assessment of glycemic control.

Glycemic control of type 2 diabetic patients after short-term zinc supplementation.

This study was carried out to determine whether a short-term zinc supplementation contributes to beneficial changes in glycemic control among type 2 diabetic patients. Seventy-six diabetic subjects and 72 normal adults participated in this study. Subjects were divided into supplemented and control groups.

Changes in corneal and conjunctival sensitivity, tear film stability, and tear secretion after strabismus surgery.

Purpose: Some patients complain of a foreign body sensation, a burning sensation, or dryness after strabismus surgery. We prospectively investigated the changes in corneal and conjunctival sensitivity, tear film stability, and tear secretion after strabismus surgery.

Patients And Methods: Corneal and conjunctival sensitivity were assessed with an esthesiometer, tear film breakup time was measured, and the Schirmer test was performed prospectively (preoperatively and 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively) in 83 patients (124 eyes) who underwent strabismus surgery at our institution.