Retrospective comparison of the effects of remimazolam and dexmedetomidine on postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery of the lower extremities under spinal anesthesia.

Purpose: Remimazolam is often used for perioperative sedation due to its rapid onset and offset. However, the possible association between remimazolam and postoperative delirium (POD) remains undetermined. The present study evaluated whether remimazolam increased the incidence of POD compared with dexmedetomidine in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery of the lower extremities.

Optimal view detection for ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block using deep learning approaches.

Successful ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block (SCB) requires the understanding of sonoanatomy and identification of the optimal view. Segmentation using a convolutional neural network (CNN) is limited in clearly determining the optimal view. The present study describes the development of a computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) system using a CNN that can determine the optimal view for complete SCB in real time.

Continuous cardiac output estimation using a new modified Fick method during off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a retrospective observational study.

Purpose: Several technical aspects of the Fick method limit its use intraoperatively. A data-driven modification of the Fick method may enable its use in intraoperative settings.

Methods: This two-center retrospective observational study included 57 (28 and 29 in each center) patients who underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCAB) surgery.

Comparison between costotransverse foramen block and thoracic paravertebral block for VATS pulmonary resection: A randomized noninferiority trial.

Study Objective: The present study assessed whether costotransverse foramen block (CTFB) is noninferior to thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) for postoperative analgesia in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) pulmonary resection.

Design: Single-center, double-blinded, randomized, non-inferiority trial.

Setting: Operating room and intensive care unit or ward in a tertiary hospital.