Purpose: To evaluate the safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of multiple doses of pegylated irinotecan (JK1201I) as a second-line monotherapy for treating small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients.
Methods: According to the "3 + 3" dose-escalation principle, patients received intravenous JK1201I at 180 or 220 mg/m once every 3 weeks for four cycles. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), median progression-free survival (mPFS), and median overall survival (mOS) were evaluated.
Ferric phosphate (FePOs) nanoenzymes can express peroxidase (POD) activity under the dual stimulation of an acidic environment and high HO concentrations. In living organisms, this generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in sites of lesion infection, and thus FePOs nanoenzymes can act as antimicrobial agents. Here, CeO and ZnO were immobilized in a scallop-type FePOs nanoenzyme material loaded with a photosensitizer, indocyanine green, to synthesize a multifunctional cascade nanoparticle system (FePOs-CeO-ZnO-ICG, FCZI NPs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibiotics show unsuccessful application in biofilm destruction, which induce chronic infections and emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), as widely accepted antimicrobial tools of phototherapy, could effectively activate the immune system and promote the proliferation of wound tissue, thus becoming the most promising therapeutic strategy to replace antibiotics and avoid drug-resistant strains. However, there is no consensus on whether antibacterial and wound healing achieved by PDT/PTT depend not only on the cytotoxic effect of the treatment itself, but also on the activation of host immune system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApplication of Combined photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) has become one of the most promising strategy to replace antibiotics and avoid the epidemic of drug-resistant strains during wound healing. However, high amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and high temperature cause severe stress response to normal tissues, leading to potential risks of wound healing. Herein, a three-dimension chitosan hydrogel melanin-glycine-C60 nanoparticles (MGC NPs) were prepared to realized effective anti-bacterial activity, immune activation and macrophage autophagy promotion in three-dimensional wound space without triggering stress response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn recent years, photodynamic therapy (PDT) or chemodynamic therapy (CDT) based on the antimicrobial property or anti-biofilm property of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been widely recognized for their low susceptibility to microbial resistance. However, due to the complication of the three-dimensional structure of the biofilm at the wound site and the high quenching rate of common ROS, the treatment with traditional ROS could not achieve satisfactory wound healing effects. Here, NaSO@ZIF-67/GOx nanoparticles (NZG NPs) were prepared as a new high-toxic ROS nanogenerator for application of biofilm-infecting wound healing with the assistance of glucose oxidase (GOx) for amplified CDT and immune activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetes is an increasingly common disease that poses an immense challenge to public health. Hyperglycemia is also a common complication in clinical patients in the intensive care unit, increasing the rate of infection and mortality. The accurate and real-time prediction of blood glucose concentrations after each short-acting insulin injection has great clinical significance and is the basis of all intelligent blood glucose control systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Programmed cell death ligand 1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy has changed the approach to first-line treatment in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC). It remained unknown whether adding a programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor to chemotherapy provided similar or better benefits in patients with extensive-stage SCLC, which would add evidence on the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of extensive-stage SCLC.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and adverse event profile of the PD-1 inhibitor serplulimab plus chemotherapy compared with placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in patients with extensive-stage SCLC.
Owing to the severe photogenerated carriers recombination and low oxidation ability, the photocatalytic performance of pristine CsPbBr is still unsatisfactory. Herein, melamine foam supported S-scheme WO/CsPbBr heterojunction is successfully synthesized by electrostatic self-assembly. Because of the appropriate energy level positions, an S-scheme charge migration route between CsPbBr and WO is constructed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDuring rapid proliferation and metabolism, tumor cells show a high dependence on methionine. The deficiency of methionine exhibits significant inhibition on tumor growth, which provides a potential therapeutic target in tumor therapy. Herein, ClO-loaded nanoparticles (fluvastatin sodium&metformin&bupivacaine&ClO@CaSiO@MnO-arginine-glycine-aspatic acid (RGD) (MFBC@CMR) NPs) were prepared for synergistic chlorine treatment and methionine-depletion starvation therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWeak acidity (6.5-6.9) and limited HO level in the tumor microenvironment (TME) usually impact the therapeutic effect of chemodynamic therapy (CDT) for cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: GLS-010 (zimberelimab) is a novel, fully human, anti-programmed death-1 monoclonal antibody that shows promising efficacy and safety in advanced solid tumors. This trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of GLS-010 (zimberelimab) in Chinese patients with relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma (r/r-cHL).
Methods: This phase II, single-arm, open-label, multicenter clinical trial was conducted at 24 centers in China and enrolled patients with r/r-cHL after two or more lines of therapy.
Nitric oxide (NO) gas treatment offers a promising strategy for tumor therapy; however, its practical application is still limited due to its poor efficacy and biotoxicity which were caused by gas leakage during blood delivery. Herein, a nano-platform (CMH-OBN) composed of chlorin e6-melanin-hyaluronic acid nanoparticles (Ce6-MNP-HA, CMH) and oxidized bletilla striata polysaccharide microcapsules (Oxi-BSP) carrying NO donors was prepared for responsive and cascaded release of NO, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and its secondary metabolite reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in tumor sites. Melanin not only endowed CMH with good photothermal properties, but also helped Ce6 to produce a large number of ROS under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Previous studies have demonstrated the preclinical pharmacological and toxicological consistency, and clinical pharmacokinetic equivalence of bevacizumab biosimilar LY01008 with reference bevacizumab (Avastin). This randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of LY01008 with Avastin in first-line treatment of Chinese patients with advanced or recurrent non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods: Stage IIIB-IV NSCLC patients with evaluable lesions, good physical status, and adequate organ functions from 67 centers across China were randomized in a ratio of 1:1 to receive LY01008 or Avastin 15 mg/kg intravenously in combination with paclitaxel/carboplatin (combined treatment) for 4-6 cycles, followed by maintenance monotherapy with LY01008 until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, or death.
Dysfunction of the calcium balancing system and disruption of calcium distribution can induce abnormal intracellular calcium overload, further causing serious damage and even cell death, which provides a potential therapeutic approach for tumor treatment. Herein, a nano-platform, which includes UCNPs-Ce6@RuR@mSiO @PL-HA NPs (UCRSPH) and SA-CaO nanoparticles, is prepared for improving the tumor micro-environment (TME), Ca signal disturbance as well as enhanced photodynamic tumor therapy (PDT). UCRSPH combined with SA-CaO can alter TME and relieve hypoxia of the tumor to realize self-reinforcing PDT under near-IR irradiation (980 nm).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA magnetically recyclable Ni/NiO/g-CN photocatalyst with significantly enhanced H2 evolution efficiency was successfully synthesized by a simple ethanol-solvothermal treatment. The presence of electronegative g-CN is found to be the key factor for Ni formation in ternary Ni/NiO/g-CN, which provides anchoring sites for Ni absorption and assembling sites for Ni nanoparticle formation. The metallic Ni, on one side, could act as an electron acceptor enhancing carrier separation and transfer efficiency, and on the other side, it could act as active sites for H evolution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlucose oxidase (GOx) is regarded as an ideal endogenous natural enzyme for tumor starvation therapy and photothermal therapy (PTT) is a promising strategy for the ablation of primary tumor. In this work, Cu-doped cobalt oxide and porous carbon nanocomposites (CuCo(O)@PCNs) were synthesized from double-layered ZIF-8@ZIF-67 and GOx was loaded in the porous carbon to form a CuCo(O)/GOx@PCNs hybrid nanozyme. CuCo(O) was characterized as the CuCoO phase through X-ray diffraction analysis and it can react with HO to generate O and alleviate tumor hypoxia, resulting in the recovered enzymatic activity of GOx and the enhanced starvation therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeoadjuvant chemotherapy for the treatment of breast cancer can provide the option of surgery for patients with a large tumor mass or increase the rate of breast conservation. However, some patients are not sensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs, and therefore this may cause them to miss their optimal chance for surgery. Herein, photodynamic therapy (PDT) was chosen instead of chemotherapy as a neoadjuvant treatment for breast cancer because of its effectiveness against different cancer cells and the lack of side effects in normal tissues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater
November 2020
Local drug injection therapy for tumor site, as a neoadjuvant chemotherapy method, shows important significance in clinical application; however, it obtains unsatisfying therapeutic effect due to the serious toxic and side effect in normal tissues caused by drug diffusion or complexity of the preparation. In this article, the influence factors of the gelling time of traditional Chitosan (CTS) thermo-sensitive hydrogels were analyzed, and the gelling properties were improved significantly, and a thermo-sensitive hydrogel with precisely regulated gelling time was obtained through a green and simple preparation method, and the shortest gelling time (gelling time = 27 ± 2 s) of this hydrogel was 5% of that of the common CTS thermo-sensitive hydrogels. After loaded with different chemotherapy drugs with different pH values (gemctiabin hydrochloride, levofloxacin, and 5-foluorouracil), the hydrogels' gelling performance was not affected, while the gelling time could be shortened by 5-foluorouracil, effectively hindering the drug loss at the early stage of sustained release.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
May 2020
As a newly emerging treatment strategy for many diseases, hydrogen therapy has attracted a lot of attention because of its excellent biosafety. However, the high diffusivity and low solubility of hydrogen make it difficult to accumulate in local lesions. Herein, we develop a H self-generation nanoplatform by in situ water splitting driven by near-infrared (NIR) laser.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLight is a major factor in promoting food aging and deterioration, especially for ultraviolet (UV) light. Herein, bioinspired dopamine-melanin solid nanoparticles with strong absorption at a wide range of 200-2500 nm were first incorporated into alginate/polyvinyl alcohol to fabricate film materials in this work for UV-vis block, and this also brings excellent thermal insulating properties to the materials. In addition, in order to obtain a material with excellent performance, particles of uniform size of about 100 nm are obtained by fractional centrifugation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Colon cancer is one of the common malignancies worldwide, and many genes, including microRNAs (miRNAs), have been demonstrated that associated with progression of various diseases, including cancers. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential role of miR-671-5p in colon cancer.
Patients And Methods: Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression levels of miR-671-5p in 115 paired colon cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues, as well as in colon cancer cells.
Inspired by the wound healing characteristics of the oral mucosa, a biomimetic hydrogel was prepared to realize the rapid and scar-free healing of skin wounds. Through monitoring the healing process of injured oral mucosa, we find out that the combination of high, rapid and sequential expression of some growth factors and the sterile-moist microenvironment are crucial for re-epithelialization and precise control of the inflammation process. On the base of our findings, a hydrogel loaded with several functional compounds was prepared to achieve a comprehensive simulation of the oral mucosal trauma microenvironment for skin wound healing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRs) may be involved in tumor growth and progression in human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). The present study aimed to investigate the potential roles of miR-191 in NSCLC. Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed to assess protein and/or mRNA levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Er/Yb-codoped NaLaMgWO phosphors were synthesized via a traditional high-temperature solid-state reaction method. The temperature sensing performance was thoroughly investigated by studying the temperature-dependent up-conversion (UC) emission intensity ratio in the range of 293-533 K. A remarkable enhancement of green UC emission, as well as enhanced temperature sensitivity, were observed by increasing the Yb concentration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTetracycline hydrochloride as an environmental pollutant is biologically toxic and highly difficult to degrade. To solve this problem, an efficient catalyst IO-TiO-CdS composite with honeycomb-like three-dimensional (3D) inverse opal TiO (IO-TiO) and cadmium sulphide (CdS) was synthesized and applied in the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride in this paper. More than 99% of the tetracycline hydrochloride (30 mg/L) can be degraded by IO-TiO-CdS (30 mg) within 20 min under visible light irradiation.
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