A novel machine learning model for efficacy prediction of immunotherapy-chemotherapy in NSCLC based on CT radiomics.

Lung cancer is categorized into two main types: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer. Of these, NSCLC accounts for approximately 85% of all cases and encompasses varieties such as squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. For patients with advanced NSCLC that do not have oncogene addiction, the preferred treatment approach is a combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy.

Optimized fuzzy K-nearest neighbor approach for accurate lung cancer prediction based on radial endobronchial ultrasonography.

Radial endobronchial ultrasonography (R-EBUS) has been a surge in the development of new ultrasonography for the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases beyond the central airway. However, it faces challenges in accurately pinpointing the location of abnormal lesions. Therefore, this study proposes an improved machine learning model aimed at distinguishing between malignant lung disease (MLD) from benign lung disease (BLD) through R-EBUS features.

Ant colony optimization with Cauchy and greedy Levy mutations for multilevel COVID 19 X-ray image segmentation.

This paper focuses on the study of multilevel COVID-19 X-ray image segmentation based on swarm intelligence optimization to improve the diagnostic level of COVID-19. We present a new ant colony optimization with the Cauchy mutation and the greedy Levy mutation, termed CLACO, for continuous domains. Specifically, the Cauchy mutation is applied to the end phase of ant foraging in CLACO to enhance its searchability and to boost its convergence rate.

Responses to crizotinib and chemotherapy in patients with lung adenocarcinoma harboring a concomitant mutation and gene rearrangement: A case report and review of the literature.

Previous studies have indicated that, in lung cancers, the gene rearrangement of is mutually exclusive with mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor () gene. However, the coexistence of fusions and mutations (double positive) has been occasionally reported, with frequencies ranging from 0-8%. Currently, no consensus standard therapy exists for tumors with double positive mutations.

Solitary pleural myeloma diagnosed by semi-rigid thoracoscopy: A case report and literature review.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by abnormal proliferation of neoplastic plasma cells. Pleural effusion as an initial presentation of this disease is rare, as is true pleural myeloma. We herein present a case of solitary pleural myelomatous lesion in a 70-year-old male patient diagnosed by pleural biopsy via semi-rigid thoracoscopy followed by histopathological examination.

Serum microRNA-210 levels in different groups of chronic hepatitis B patients.

Background: It has been reported that hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication can be suppressed by microRNA-210 (miR-210). However, whether serum miR-210 levels can serve as disease parameters in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains unclear.

Methods: Serum miR-210 levels were quantified in 115 CHB patients and 20 healthy controls by real-time PCR.

Eosinophilic pleural effusion due to Spirometra mansoni spargana: a case report and review of the literature.

A 36-year-old female presented with an eosinophilic pleural effusion. The eosinophilic pleural effusion was considered to have been caused by a parasitic infection. Spirometra mansoni spargana was confirmed by semi-rigid thoracoscopy.

[Pleural sparganosis: report of a case and review of the literature].

Objective: To improve the understanding of pleural sparganosis by analyzing a clinical case and literature review.

Methods: The clinical data of a patient with pleural sparganosis diagnosed by immunoserology and pathology was analyzed. The data of 6 cases from literature reports regarding pleural sparganosis were reviewed through database including PubMed, VIP, Wanfang and China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database.

Inhibition of lung tumor growth in nude mice by siRNA targeting PECAM-1.

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) provides a promising therapeutic approach in the silencing of disease-causing genes. In the present study, the use of 2'-O-methyl-modified siRNA-cluster of differentiation 31 (siRNA), with cationic liposome RNA interference (RNAi)-mate as a carrier, effectively silenced the platelet endothelial cell molecule 1 (PECAM-1) gene of murine hemangioendothelioma cells , 2'-O-methyl-modified siRNA carried by RNAi-mate was successfully delivered, targeting the PECAM-1 gene in the vasculature of nude mouse lung carcinoma xenografts. The growth of the lung carcinoma xenografts was inhibited by the 2'-O-methyl-modified siRNA and RNAi-mate complexes, and the expression of the PECAM-1 protein was downregulated, with a simultaneous decrease in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein in the lung carcinoma xenografts.