C-TERMINAL DOMAIN PHOSPHATASE-LIKE 1 promotes flowering with TAF15b by repressing the floral repressor gene FLOWERING LOCUS C.

Arabidopsis TATA-BINDING PROTEIN-ASSOCIATED FACTOR15b (TAF15b) is a plant-specific component of the transcription factor IID complex. TAF15b is involved in the autonomous pathway for flowering and represses the transcription of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), a major floral repressor in Arabidopsis. While components of the autonomous flowering pathway have been extensively studied, scant attention has been directed toward elucidating the direct transcriptional regulators responsible for repressing FLC transcription.

Vernalization-triggered expression of the antisense transcript is mediated by genes.

To synchronize flowering time with spring, many plants undergo vernalization, a floral-promotion process triggered by exposure to long-term winter cold. In , this is achieved through cold-mediated epigenetic silencing of the floral repressor, (). , a cold-induced antisense RNA transcribed from the locus, has been proposed to facilitate silencing.

Recent advances in the chromatin-based mechanism of repression through autonomous pathway genes.

Proper timing of flowering, a phase transition from vegetative to reproductive development, is crucial for plant fitness. The floral repressor () is the major determinant of flowering in . In rapid-cycling accessions, which bloom rapidly, is constitutively repressed by autonomous pathway (AP) genes, regardless of photoperiod.

The two clock proteins CCA1 and LHY activate VIN3 transcription during vernalization through the vernalization-responsive cis-element.

Vernalization, a long-term cold-mediated acquisition of flowering competence, is critically regulated by VERNALIZATION INSENSITIVE 3 (VIN3), a gene induced by vernalization in Arabidopsis. Although the function of VIN3 has been extensively studied, how VIN3 expression itself is upregulated by long-term cold is not well understood. In this study, we identified a vernalization-responsive cis-element in the VIN3 promoter, VREVIN3, composed of a G-box and an evening element (EE).

A molecular basis behind heterophylly in an amphibious plant, Ranunculus trichophyllus.

Ranunculus trichophyllus is an amphibious plant that produces thin and cylindrical leaves if grown under water but thick and broad leaves if grown on land. We found that such heterophylly is widely controlled by two plant hormones, abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene, which control terrestrial and aquatic leaf development respectively. Aquatic leaves produced higher levels of ethylene but lower levels of ABA than terrestrial leaves.