Lactucin ameliorates FFA-induced steatosis in HepG2 cells by modulating mitochondrial homeostasis through the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling axis.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a complex disease involving abnormal liver metabolism. Its strong association with metabolic dysfunction has led to a change in nomenclature to metabolism dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). MAFLD pathogenesis involves abnormal accumulation of hepatic lipids that lead to the production of excess free fatty acids (FFAs), which in turn cause an imbalance in hepatic mitochondrial function.

Neutralizing antibody against GDF15 for treatment of cancer-associated cachexia.

GDF15 (growth differentiation factor 15), also known as macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1), is a circulating protein involved in the regulation of energy balance and weight control. Elevated levels of GDF15 have been associated with cachexia and reduced survival rates in cancer patients. Through the activation of the GFRAL (GDNF-family receptor α-like)-RET (Rearranged during Transfection) signaling pathway, GDF15 can induce weight loss, making it a potential target for treating cachexia.

Effect of on intestinal microbiota and bile acid metabolism in db/db mice.

This study aims to investigate the effects of Boiss. et Huet (CG) on the intestinal microbiota and serum bile acid (BA) in db/db mice. A total of 12 db/db mice were randomly divided into model (MOD), high-dose CG (CGH), and control (CON) groups.

Protective effects of curcumin on desipramine-induced islet β-cell damage via AKAP150/PKA/PP2B complex.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are widely used to treat depression and anxiety-related mood disorders. But evidence shows that TCAs elevate blood glucose levels and inhibit insulin secretion, suggesting that TCAs are a risk factor, particularly for individuals with diabetes. Curcumin is a bioactive molecule from the rhizome of the Curcuma longa plant, which has shown both antidepressant and anti-diabetic activities.

A Review Concerning the Polysaccharides Found in Edible and Medicinal Plants in Xinjiang.

Approximately 110 types of medicinal materials are listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, both for medicinal purposes and for use as food. There are several domestic scholars who have carried out research on edible plant medicine in China and the results are satisfactory. Though these related articles have appeared in domestic magazines and journals, many of them are yet to be translated into English.

Flavanomarein inhibits high glucose-stimulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HK-2 cells via targeting spleen tyrosine kinase.

Flavanomarein (FM) is a major natural compound of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt with protective effects against diabetic nephropathy (DN). In this study, we investigated the effects of FM on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in high glucose (HG)-stimulated human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) and the underlying mechanisms, including both direct targets and downstream signal-related proteins. The influence of FM on EMT marker proteins was evaluated via western blot.

Pancreas protective effects of Urolithin A on type 2 diabetic mice induced by high fat and streptozotocin via regulating autophagy and AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Urolithin A (UroA), the main intestinal microflora metabolite of ellagic acid of berries, pomegranate,and some other traditional chinese herbals such as emblica officinalis,etc,has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-tumor and pro-autophagy effects.

Aim Of The Study: This study evaluated the anti-diabetic and pancreas-protective effects of UroA using a mice model of type 2 diabetes and preliminarily explored its effect on autophagy as well as the mechanism involved.

Materials And Methods: Type 2 diabetes model was induced by high-fat diet (HFD; 60% energy as fat) and low-dose streptozotocin (85 mg/kg) injection.

Curcumin attenuates palmitate-induced apoptosis in MIN6 pancreatic β-cells through PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 and mitochondrial survival pathways.

Lipotoxicity plays a vital role in development and progression of type 2 diabetes. Prolonged elevation of free fatty acids especially the palmitate leads to pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a polyphenol from the curry spice turmeric, is considered to be a broadly cytoprotective agent.

Identification of aquaporin-5 and lipid rafts in human resting saliva and their release into cevimeline-stimulated saliva.

Background: It is unknown whether AQP5 and lipid rafts are released into human unstimulated (resting) saliva and saliva in response to secretagogues.

Methods: In order to quantitate the salivary concentration of AQP5, we produced a polyclonal antibody for human AQP5 and developed an enzyme-like immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: AQP5 and lipid rafts were identified in human resting saliva.

[Effects of aqueous extract of Hedysarum austrosibiricum on metabolism of oxyen free radicals in subacute aging mice caused by D-galactose].

Objective: To investigate the anti-aging effect of aqueous extract of Hedysarum austrosibiricum cultivated in Xin-jiang.

Method: Subacute aging model in mice was established by D-galactose (D-gal) and activities of SOD and GSH-PX, contents of MDA in brain and liver tissues, activities of MAO in brain tissue and immune indexes were determined.

Result: Aqueous extract of H.