Effect of inoculation with different Eurotium cristatum strains on the microbial communities and volatile organic compounds of Fu brick tea.

Eurotium cristatum is the primary fungus in Fu brick tea (FBT) and plays a crucial role in its special flavor. This study investigated the effect of inoculation with different E. cristatum strains (i.

Characterization and discrimination of volatile organic compounds and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of soybeans ( L.) during solid-state fermentation with YL-1.

In this study, the influence of solid-state fermentation (SSF) using probiotic on the change of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and α-glucosidase inhibition activity of soybeans was investigated. A total of 46 VOCs were characterized via headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS), the majority of which were aldehydes (17), alcohols (10), and ketones (7). SSF by .

Research on the impact of equity incentive model on enterprise performance: A mediating effect analysis based on executive entrepreneurship.

In implementing the equity incentive system, this paper delves into the listed enterprises' selection of equity incentive models. While previous research has extensively covered the effects, models, and influencing factors of equity incentives, there needs to be more in-depth literature focusing on the diverse incentive models and their impact on corporate performance. Notably, there needs to be more literature on considering entrepreneurial spirit as a mechanism.

Relationship analysis between executive motivation and digital transformation in Chinese A-Share companies: An empirical study.

In the expanding global digital economy, the digital transformation of businesses has become a critical component of modern operations. This study investigates the relationship between executive incentives and the digital transformation in A-share-listed Chinese companies from 2011 to 2020. Using multi-period DID and linear regression models, we analyzed how equity and compensation incentives influence this transformation.

Gastric cancer patient-derived organoids model for the therapeutic drug screening.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly heterogeneous disease featuring many various histological and molecular subtypes. Therefore, it is imperative to have well-characterized in vitro models for personalized treatment development. Gastric cancer patient-derived organoids (PDOs), re-capitulating in vivo conditions, exhibit high clinical efficacy in predicting drug sensitivity to facilitate the development of cancer precision medicine.

Cutaneous manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease: basic characteristics, therapy, and potential pathophysiological associations.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease typically involving the gastrointestinal tract but not limited to it. IBD can be subdivided into Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) are observed in up to 47% of patients with IBD, with the most frequent reports of cutaneous manifestations.

Steroidal Alkaloids from the Roots of Loes. with Their Anti-Inflammatory Activities.

The phytochemical investigation of Loes. roots resulted in the isolation and characterization of two novel, namely Mengtzeanines A (), Mengtzeanines B (), and eight known steroidal alkaloids (-). Their structural properties were assessed though extensive spectroscopic techniques.

The Mechanism of SNHG8/Microrna-421-3p/Sorting Nexin 8 Axis on Dopaminergic Neurons in Substantia Nigra in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting the aging population. Particularly, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play vital roles in PD, while the role of lncRNA SNHG8 in PD remains to be further explored. C57BL/6 mice were induced by rotenone to establish a PD model in vivo, and then the dopaminergic (DA) neuronal damage and locomotor dysfunction in rotenone-treated mice were evaluated.

Controlling Mineralization with Protein-Functionalized Peptoid Nanotubes.

Sequence-defined foldamers that self-assemble into well-defined architectures are promising scaffolds to template inorganic mineralization. However, it has been challenging to achieve robust control of nucleation and growth without sequence redesign or extensive experimentation. Here, peptoid nanotubes functionalized with a panel of solid-binding proteins are used to mineralize homogeneously distributed and monodisperse anatase nanocrystals from the water-soluble TiBALDH precursor.

Hierarchical Materials from High Information Content Macromolecular Building Blocks: Construction, Dynamic Interventions, and Prediction.

Hierarchical materials that exhibit order over multiple length scales are ubiquitous in nature. Because hierarchy gives rise to unique properties and functions, many have sought inspiration from nature when designing and fabricating hierarchical matter. More and more, however, nature's own high-information content building blocks, proteins, peptides, and peptidomimetics, are being coopted to build hierarchy because the information that determines structure, function, and interfacial interactions can be readily encoded in these versatile macromolecules.

Prokaryotic Argonaute Protein from Natronobacterium gregoryi Requires RNAs To Activate for DNA Interference .

The Argonaute proteins are present in all three domains of life, which are archaea, bacteria, and eukarya. Unlike the eukaryotic Argonaute proteins, which use small RNA guides to target mRNAs, some prokaryotic Argonaute proteins (pAgos) use a small DNA guide to interfere with DNA and/or RNA targets. However, the mechanisms of pAgo natural function remain unknown.

A high-efficiency and versatile CRISPR/Cas9-mediated HDR-based biallelic editing system.

Clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 nuclease (Cas9), the third-generation genome editing tool, has been favored because of its high efficiency and clear system composition. In this technology, the introduced double-strand breaks (DSBs) are mainly repaired by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homology-directed repair (HDR) pathways. The high-fidelity HDR pathway is used for genome modification, which can introduce artificially controllable insertions, deletions, or substitutions carried by the donor templates.

Strong Surface Hydration and Salt Resistant Mechanism of a New Nonfouling Zwitterionic Polymer Based on Protein Stabilizer TMAO.

Zwitterionic polymers exhibit excellent nonfouling performance due to their strong surface hydrations. However, salt molecules may severely reduce the surface hydrations of typical zwitterionic polymers, making the application of these polymers in real biological and marine environments challenging. Recently, a new zwitterionic polymer brush based on the protein stabilizer trimethylamine -oxide (TMAO) was developed as an outstanding nonfouling material.

Solid-Binding Proteins: Bridging Synthesis, Assembly, and Function in Hybrid and Hierarchical Materials Fabrication.

There is considerable interest in the development of hybrid organic-inorganic materials because of the potential for harvesting the unique capabilities that each system has to offer. Proteins are an especially attractive organic component owing to the high amount of chemical information encoded in their amino acid sequence, their amenability to molecular and computational (re)design, and the many structures and functions they specify. Genetic installation of solid-binding peptides (SBPs) within protein frameworks affords control over the position and orientation of adhesive and morphogenetic segments, and a path toward predictive synthesis and assembly of functional materials and devices, all while harnessing the built-in properties of the host scaffold.

Expression and Functional Analysis of the Argonaute Protein of (TtAgo) in BL21(DE3).

The prokaryotic Argonaute proteins (pAgos) have been reported to cleave or interfere with DNA targets in a guide-dependent or independent manner. It is often difficult to characterize pAgos in vivo due to the extreme environments favored by their hosts. In the present study, we expressed functional pAgo (TtAgo) in BL21 (DE3) cells at 37 °C.

Nanoparticle-Mediated Assembly of Peptoid Nanosheets Functionalized with Solid-Binding Proteins: Designing Heterostructures for Hierarchy.

The fabrication of ordered architectures that intimately integrate polymer, protein, and inorganic components remains difficult. Two promising building blocks to tackle this challenge are peptoids, peptide mimics capable of self-assembly into well-defined structures, and solid-binding peptides, which offer a biological path to controlled inorganic assembly. Here, we report on the synthesis of 3.

High-strength and fibrous capsule-resistant zwitterionic elastomers.

The high mechanical strength and long-term resistance to the fibrous capsule formation are two major challenges for implantable materials. Unfortunately, these two distinct properties do not come together and instead compromise each other. Here, we report a unique class of materials by integrating two weak zwitterionic hydrogels into an elastomer-like high-strength pure zwitterionic hydrogel via a "swelling" and "locking" mechanism.

Trimethylamine -oxide-derived zwitterionic polymers: A new class of ultralow fouling bioinspired materials.

Materials that resist nonspecific protein adsorption are needed for many applications. However, few are able to achieve ultralow fouling in complex biological milieu. Zwitterionic polymers emerge as a class of highly effective ultralow fouling materials due to their superhydrophilicity, outperforming other hydrophilic materials such as poly(ethylene glycol).

Nanoscavenger provides long-term prophylactic protection against nerve agents in rodents.

Nerve agents are a class of organophosphorus compounds (OPs) that blocks communication between nerves and organs. Because of their acute neurotoxicity, it is extremely difficult to rescue the victims after exposure. Numerous efforts have been devoted to search for an effective prophylactic nerve agent bioscavenger to prevent the deleterious effects of these compounds.

Revealing the Immunogenic Risk of Polymers.

Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) conjugation has been the gold standard to ameliorate the pharmacokinetic (PK) and immunological profiles of proteins. PEG polymer does become immunogenic once attached to proteins, evoking PEG-specific antibody (Ab) responses. The anti-PEG Abs could cause PEGylated biologic treatments to fail and even result in lethal adverse reactions.

Zwitterionic Hydrogels Based on a Degradable Disulfide Carboxybetaine Cross-Linker.

We report the synthesis of a zwitterionic carboxybetaine disulfide cross-linker (CBX-SS) and biodegradable poly(carboxybetaine) (PCB) hydrogels and nanocages (NCs) made using this cross-linker. The structure of CBX-SS combines zwitterionic carboxybetaine to confer nonfouling properties and a disulfide linkage to facilitate degradation. The physical, mechanical, and fouling characteristics of PCB hydrogels cross-linked with CBX-SS were investigated.

Poly(ectoine) Hydrogels Resist Nonspecific Protein Adsorption.

The development of nonfouling zwitterionic materials has a wide range of biomedical and engineering applications. This work delineates the design and synthesis of a new zwitterionic material based on a naturally occurring compatible solute, ectoine, which is known to possess additional protective properties that stabilize even whole cells against ultraviolet radiation or cytotoxins. These properties and applications of ectoine inspire us to design a functional monomer containing the natural zwitterion moiety of ectoine imparting nonfouling properties and the methacrylate moiety for polymerization.

Reduction of infectious bursal disease virus replication by shRNAs targeting the VP1 and VP2 genes driven by chicken U6 promoter.

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes a highly contagious and immunosuppressive disease in young chickens and results in considerable economic losses for the poultry industry. To suppress the replication of IBDV, two short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) were designed for targeting the VP1 and VP2 genes of IBDV. Recombinant plasmids carrying each shRNA or two shRNAs were constructed based on vector pSilencer2.