ACKR1ECs Promote Aortic Dissection Through Adjusting Macrophage Behavior.

Background: Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is a life-threatening condition characterized by complex pathophysiology, in which macrophages play a critical but not yet fully understood role. This study focused on the role of endothelial cells with elevated expression of ACKR1 (atypical chemokine receptor 1) and their interaction with proinflammatory macrophages in TAAD development.

Methods And Results: Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of human aortic tissues revealed increased populations of endothelial cells exhibiting high ACKR1 expression and proinflammatory macrophages in TAAD samples.

Phytochemical profiling and evaluation of antimicrobial activities of common culinary spices: (clove) and (black pepper).

Background: The increasing resistance of microbial pathogens to conventional antibiotics necessitates the exploration of alternative antimicrobial agents. This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial potential and phytochemical properties of (clove) and (black pepper) extracts, both of which are known for their historical use in traditional medicine and culinary applications.

Methods: Hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of clove and black pepper were prepared.

LASSO-Based Machine Learning Algorithm for Prediction of PICS Associated with Sepsis.

Introduction: This study aims to establish a comprehensive, multi-level approach for tackling tropical diseases by proactively anticipating and managing Persistent Inflammation, Immunosuppression, and Catabolism Syndrome (PICS) within the initial 14 days of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission. The primary objective is to amalgamate a diverse array of indicators and pathogenic microbial data to pinpoint pivotal predictive variables, enabling effective intervention specifically tailored to the context of tropical diseases.

Methods: A focused analysis was conducted on 1733 patients admitted to the ICU between December 2016 and July 2019.

A distinct subset of urothelial cells with enhanced EMT features promotes chemotherapy resistance and cancer recurrence by increasing COL4A1-ITGB1 mediated angiogenesis.

Drug resistance and tumor recurrence remain clinical challenges in the treatment of urothelial carcinoma (UC). However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing and identified a subset of urothelial cells with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) features (EMT-UC), which is significantly correlated with chemotherapy resistance and cancer recurrence.

LASSO-Based Identification of Risk Factors and Development of a Prediction Model for Sepsis Patients.

Objective: The objective of this study was to utilize LASSO regression (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator Regression) to identify key variables in septic patients and develop a predictive model for intensive care unit (ICU) mortality.

Methods: We conducted a cohort consisting of septic patients admitted to the ICU between December 2016 and July 2019. The disease severity and laboratory index were analyzed using LASSO regression.

Dynamic changes in macrophage subtypes during lung cancer progression and metastasis at single-cell resolution.

Background: Lung cancer remains a major global health challenge. Macrophages (Macs) are one important component of tumor microenvironments (TMEs); however, their prognostic relevance to lung cancer is currently unknown due to the complexity of their phenotypes.

Methods: In the present study, reanalysis and atlas reconstruction of downloaded single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data were used to systematically compare the component and transcriptional changes in Mac subtypes across different stages of lung cancer.

Monoacylglycerol lipase regulates macrophage polarization and cancer progression in uveal melanoma and pan-cancer.

Background: Although lipid metabolism has been proven to play a key role in the development of cancer, its significance in uveal melanoma (UM) has not yet been elucidated in the available literature.

Methods: To identify the expression patterns of lipid metabolism in 80 UM patients from the TCGA database, 47 genes involved in lipid metabolism were analyzed. Consensus clustering revealed two distinct molecular groups.

Transcription factor E2F8 is a therapeutic target in the basal-like subtype of breast cancer.

Introduction: Tumorigenesis in breast cancers usually accompanied by the dysregulation of transcription factors (TFs). Abnormal amplification of TFs leads aberrant expression of its downstream target genes. However, breast cancers are heterogeneous disease with different subtypes that have distinguished clinical behaviours, and the identification of prognostic TFs may enable to provide diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer based on subtypes, especially in Basal-like breast cancer.

Identification of novel prognostic biomarkers for osteosarcoma: a bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed genes in the mesenchymal stem cells from single-cell sequencing data set.

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a crucial role in osteosarcoma (OS) growth and progression. This study conducted a bioinformatics analysis of a single-cell ribonucleic acid sequencing data set and explored the MSC-specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in advanced OS.

Methods: MSC-specific DEGs from GSE152048 was extracted using Seurat R package.

Yin Yang 1 promotes aggressive cell growth in high-grade breast cancer by directly transactivating kinectin 1.

Invasive cancer growth and metastasis account for the poor prognosis of high-grade breast cancer. Recently, we reported that kinectin 1 (KTN1), a member of the kinesin-binding protein family, promotes cell invasion of triple-negative breast cancer and high-grade breast cancer cells by augmenting the NF-κB signaling pathway. However, the upstream mechanism regulating KTN1 is unknown.

Kinectin 1 promotes the growth of triple-negative breast cancer via directly co-activating NF-kappaB/p65 and enhancing its transcriptional activity.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most challenging subtype of breast cancer. Various endeavor has been made to explore the molecular biology basis of TNBC. Herein, we reported a novel function of factor Kinectin 1 (KTN1) as a carcinogenic promoter in TNBC.

Mutational Pattern in Multiple Pulmonary Nodules Are Associated With Early Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma.

The clinical significance of mutation in multiple pulmonary nodules is largely limited by single gene mutation-directed analysis and lack of validation of gene expression profiles. New analytic strategy is urgently needed for comprehensive understanding of genomic data in multiple pulmonary nodules. In this study, we performed whole exome sequencing in 16 multiple lung nodules and 5 adjacent normal tissues from 4 patients with multiple pulmonary nodules and decoded the mutation information from a perspective of cellular functions and signaling pathways.

Identification of a distinct luminal subgroup diagnosing and stratifying early stage prostate cancer by tissue-based single-cell RNA sequencing.

Background: The highly intra-tumoral heterogeneity and complex cell origination of prostate cancer greatly limits the utility of traditional bulk RNA sequencing in finding better biomarker for disease diagnosis and stratification. Tissue specimens based single-cell RNA sequencing holds great promise for identification of novel biomarkers. However, this technique has yet been used in the study of prostate cancer heterogeneity.

IDSSR: An Efficient Pipeline for Identifying Polymorphic Microsatellites from a Single Genome Sequence.

Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are known as microsatellites, and consist of tandem 1-6-base motifs. They have become one of the most popular molecular markers, and are widely used in molecular ecology, conservation biology, molecular breeding, and many other fields. Previously reported methods identify monomorphic and polymorphic SSRs and determine the polymorphic SSRs via experimental validation, which is potentially time-consuming and costly.

Hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis transcriptome profiling for sex differentiation in Acipenser sinensis.

Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis), a critically endangered Acipenseridae family member, is one of the largest anadromous, native fish in China. Numerous research programmes and protection agencies have focused on breeding and preserving this endangered species. However, available information is limited on the different stages of sex development, especially on the reproductive regulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis of A.

Integrated analysis of mRNA and miRNA expression profiles reveals muscle growth differences between adult female and male Chinese concave-eared frogs (Odorrana tormota).

The Chinese concave-eared torrent frog (Odorrana tormota) is the first known non-mammalian vertebrate that can communicate using ultrasound. In this species, females are approximately four times as large as males, in which the female growth rate is obviously higher than that of male. Until now, the molecular mechanisms underlying muscle growth development differences between male and female frogs have not been reported.

Genome sequencing of the sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci MED/Q.

The sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a highly destructive agricultural and ornamental crop pest. It damages host plants through both phloem feeding and vectoring plant pathogens. Introductions of B.

Draft genome of Brugia pahangi: high similarity between B. pahangi and B. malayi.

Background: Efforts to completely eradicate lymphatic filariasis from human population may be challenged by the emergence of Brugia pahangi as another zoonotic lymphatic filarial nematode. In this report, a genomic study was conducted to understand this species at molecular level.

Methods: After blood meal on a B.

Two Antarctic penguin genomes reveal insights into their evolutionary history and molecular changes related to the Antarctic environment.

Background: Penguins are flightless aquatic birds widely distributed in the Southern Hemisphere. The distinctive morphological and physiological features of penguins allow them to live an aquatic life, and some of them have successfully adapted to the hostile environments in Antarctica. To study the phylogenetic and population history of penguins and the molecular basis of their adaptations to Antarctica, we sequenced the genomes of the two Antarctic dwelling penguin species, the Adélie penguin [Pygoscelis adeliae] and emperor penguin [Aptenodytes forsteri].

Genome and transcriptome of the porcine whipworm Trichuris suis.

Trichuris (whipworm) infects 1 billion people worldwide and causes a disease (trichuriasis) that results in major socioeconomic losses in both humans and pigs. Trichuriasis relates to an inflammation of the large intestine manifested in bloody diarrhea, and chronic disease can cause malnourishment and stunting in children. Paradoxically, Trichuris of pigs has shown substantial promise as a treatment for human autoimmune disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and multiple sclerosis.

Genome analysis and signature discovery for diving and sensory properties of the endangered Chinese alligator.

Crocodilians are diving reptiles that can hold their breath under water for long periods of time and are crepuscular animals with excellent sensory abilities. They comprise a sister lineage of birds and have no sex chromosome. Here we report the genome sequence of the endangered Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis) and describe its unique features.

Peregrine and saker falcon genome sequences provide insights into evolution of a predatory lifestyle.

As top predators, falcons possess unique morphological, physiological and behavioral adaptations that allow them to be successful hunters: for example, the peregrine is renowned as the world's fastest animal. To examine the evolutionary basis of predatory adaptations, we sequenced the genomes of both the peregrine (Falco peregrinus) and saker falcon (Falco cherrug), and we present parallel, genome-wide evidence for evolutionary innovation and selection for a predatory lifestyle. The genomes, assembled using Illumina deep sequencing with greater than 100-fold coverage, are both approximately 1.

The yak genome and adaptation to life at high altitude.

Domestic yaks (Bos grunniens) provide meat and other necessities for Tibetans living at high altitude on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and in adjacent regions. Comparison between yak and the closely related low-altitude cattle (Bos taurus) is informative in studying animal adaptation to high altitude. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of a female domestic yak generated using Illumina-based technology at 65-fold coverage.