Plants Under Stress: Exploring Physiological and Molecular Responses to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Deficiency.

Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are essential mineral macronutrients critical for plant structure and function. Both contribute to processes ranging from cellular integrity to signal transduction. Since plants require these nutrients in high concentrations, replenishing them in soil often involves chemical fertilizers.

Impact of probiotics-derived extracellular vesicles on livestock gut barrier function.

Probiotic extracellular vesicles (pEVs) are biologically active nanoparticle structures that can regulate the intestinal tract through direct or indirect mechanisms. They enhance the intestinal barrier function in livestock and poultry and help alleviate intestinal diseases. The specific effects of pEVs depend on their internal functional components, including nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and other substances.

Physical Model of Inclusions Removal at Static Steel-Slag Interface.

Inclusions are one of the important factors affecting the cleanliness of molten steel. The current optimization of inclusion removal methods mainly focuses on promoting inclusions to float to the slag-steel interface so that the inclusions can be absorbed and removed by the refining slag. However, the research on the floating removal of inclusions cannot be carried out directly in the ladle, so methods such as mathematical models and physical models were developed.

Extracellular vesicles derived from Lactobacillus johnsonii promote gut barrier homeostasis by enhancing M2 macrophage polarization.

Introduction: Diarrheic disease is a common intestinal health problem worldwide, causing great suffering to humans and animals. Precise manipulation strategies based on probiotics to combat diarrheic diseases have not been fully developed.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which probiotics manipulate macrophage against diarrheic disease.

Novel mechanism by which extracellular vesicles derived from Lactobacillus murinus alleviates deoxynivalenol-induced intestinal barrier disruption.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common environmental pollutant that poses a serious health risk to humans worldwide. This study was aim to explore whether gut microbiota is involved in DON-induced intestinal toxicity as well as to reveal effect of probiotics derived from gut microbiota in protecting intestinal barrier and to elucidate mechanism. We found that DON caused disturbed gut microbiota, particularly Lactobacillus murinus (L.

Genome-Wide Characterization of Differentially Expressed Scent Genes in the MEP Control Network of the Flower of Lilium 'Sorbonne'.

Fragrance is an important feature of ornamental lilies. Components of volatile substances and important genes for monoterpene synthesis in the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway were examined in this study. Twenty volatile compounds (2 in the budding stage, 3 in the initial flowering stage, 7 in the semi-flowering stage, 17 in the full-flowering stage, and 5 in withering stage) were detected in the Oriental lily 'Sorbonne' using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Three Strains of Derived from Piglets Alleviated Intestinal Oxidative Stress Induced by Diquat through Extracellular Vesicles.

Previous studies found that polysaccharides (PCPs) significantly enhanced the antioxidant activity in piglet intestines while increasing the abundance of . However, the relationship between and antioxidant activity has yet to be verified, and the mode of action needs further investigation. Six strains isolated from the intestines of neonatal piglets fed with PCPs were studied to investigate the relationship between and intestinal oxidative stress.

Sodium arsenite exposure enhances H3K14 acetylation and impairs male spermatogenesis in rat testes.

Histone modifications play important roles in the epigenetic regulation of spermatogenesis via mediating gene transcription. Steroidogenic regulatory enzymes control testosterone biosynthesis, which are essential for spermatogenesis. Arsenic exposure inhibits the expression of steroidogenic genes by significantly increasing tri-methylation of H3K9 (H3K9me3) level in rat testis, finally diminishes testosterone release and lowers the rat sperm quality.

The novel oncogenic factor TET3 combines with AHR to promote thyroid cancer lymphangiogenesis via the HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway.

Background: Lymphangiogenesis has been reported to play crucial roles in the metastasis of thyroid cancer (THCA), but despite the significant research on lymphangiogenesis in THCA, the precise regulatory mechanism remains unclear.

Methods: Public databases including the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), TIMER, and UALCAN were used to analyze and visualize the expression of TET3 and AHR in THCA, and the correlation between these molecules were used by TIMER. Additionally, RT-PCR and Western Blot were performed to determine the mRNA and protein expression of related proteins.

Cloning and Functional Characterization of 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase (LiMCT) Gene in Oriental Lily (Lilium 'Sorbonne').

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-phosphate cytidylyltransferase (MCT) is a key enzyme in the MEP pathway of monoterpene synthesis, catalyzing the generation of 4- (5'-pyrophosphate cytidine)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol from 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate. We used homologous cloning strategy to clone gene, LiMCT, in the MEP pathway that may be involved in the regulation of floral fragrance synthesis in the Lilium oriental hybrid 'Sorbonne.' The full-length ORF sequence was 837 bp, encoding 278 amino acids.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Genetic Transformation of Narrowleaf Plantain.

Species in the genus Plantago have several unique traits that have led to them being adapted as model plants in various fields of study. However, the lack of a genetic manipulation system prevents in-depth investigation of gene function, limiting the versatility of this genus as a model. Here, a transformation protocol is presented for Plantago lanceolata, the most commonly studied Plantago species.

Overexpression of () Increases Iron Accumulation in the Tuber of Potato.

Iron (Fe) deficiency is a global health problem, especially in underdeveloped countries. Biofortification with genetic engineering methods has been used to improve Fe nutrition in a number of crops. Various steps, e.

Heterologous Expression of LiSEP3 from Oriental Lilium Hybrid 'Sorbonne' Promotes the Flowering of Arabidopsis thaliana L.

The MADS-box gene family has multiple molecular and biological functions in plants. Here, the LiSEP3 gene of the MADS-box gene family of' 'Sorbonne' was obtained by homologous cloning using the petals of the flowering stage of Lilium Oriental Hybrid 'Sorbonne.' The ORF full-length sequence is 729 bp, encoding 242 amino acids.

Moxifloxacin is a safe and effective candidate agent for tuberculosis treatment: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Moxifloxacin is a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone that has shown good antibacterial activity against both gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacteria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of moxifloxacin in the drug treatment regimen of patients with tuberculosis.

Methods: We conducted an electronic database search of the PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Controlled Center Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, Baidu Scholar, and Google Scholar for literature related to clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of tuberculosis patients (from the date of inception of the database to September 25, 2020).

The potential markers of NK-92 associated to cytotoxicity against K562 cells.

Markers associated to NK cytolytic activity are in a great need to regulate NK cell immunotherapy products. We assume that biomarkers which response to cytolysis will change their transcription, expression or secretion. To find NK-92 indicator to cytolytic activity, we have evaluated the potential markers by quantifying the expression of well-known cytotoxicity functional molecules (cytokine IFN-γ, Granzyme B, perforin, CD69 and CD107a), and explored candidate markers by a sweeping transcription picture of NK-92 using a direct cytolysis model (incubation with K562).

Raman spectrum reveals Mesenchymal stem cells inhibiting HL60 cells growth.

Though some research results reveals that Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability of inhibiting tumor cells proliferation, it remains controversial about the precise interaction mechanism during MSCs and tumor cells co-culture. In this study, combing Raman spectroscopic data and principle component analysis (PCA), the biochemical changes of MSCs or Human promyelocytic leukemia (HL60) cells during their co-culture were presented. The obtained results showed that some main Raman peaks of HL60 assigned to nucleic acids or proteins were greatly higher in intensity in the late stage of co-culture than those in the early stage of co-culture while they were still lower relative to the control group, implicating that the effect of MSCs inhibiting HL60 proliferation appeared in the early stage but gradually lost the inhibiting ability in the late stage of co-culture.

Nanoscale Relationship Between CD4 and CD25 of T Cells Visualized with NSOM/QD-Based Dual-Color Imaging System.

In this study, by using of near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM)/immune-labeling quantum dot (QD)-based dual-color imaging system, we achieved the direct visualization of nanoscale profiles for distribution and organization of CD4 and CD25 molecules in T cells. A novel and interesting finding was that though CD25 clustering as nanodomains were observed on the surface of CD4(+)CD25(high) regulatory T cells, these CD25 nanodomains were not co-localized with CD4 nanodomains. This result presented that the formation of these CD25 nanodomains on the surface of CD4(+)CD25(high) T cells were not associated with the response of T cell receptor (TCR)/CD3-dependent signal transduction.

Diagnostic and prognostic value of serum thioredoxin and DJ-1 in non-small cell lung carcinoma patients.

In response to reactive oxygen species (ROS), thioredoxin and DJ-1 are upregulated to counteract the detrimental effect of ROS under normal condition. However, cancer cells can take advantage of thioredoxin and DJ-1 against ROS-induced cell damage. In several human cancer types, thioredoxin and DJ-1 were found to be overexpressed.

Expression and characterization of hepatitis E virus-like particles and non-virus-like particles from insect cells.

The hepatitis E virus (HEV) capsid antigen expressed in insect cell has been proposed as a candidate subunit vaccine for the prevention of hepatitis E. However, the expression and purification of HEV virus-like particles (VLPs) from insect cells have not been explored. We aimed to optimize the procedure to obtain HEV VLPs.

Meta-analysis of the effect and safety of berberine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipemia and hypertension.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Berberine, extracted from Coptis Root and Phellodendron Chinese, has been frequently used for the adjuvant treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension in China. Safety and efficacy studies in terms of evidence-based medical practice have become more prevalent in application to Chinese Herbal Medicine. It is necessary to assess the efficacy and safety of berberine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and hypertension by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of available clinical data.

Pseudoxanthomonas wuyuanensis sp. nov., isolated from saline-alkali soil.

A bacterium, designated XC21-2(T), was isolated from a saline-alkaline soil sample from China. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped and motile and grew optimally at 35-37 °C, pH 6.0-7.

Genotype analysis of hepatitis E virus from sporadic hepatitis E cases in northern China.

Hepatitis E is an important public health problem in many countries. However, there is no definite conclusion about the zoonotic reservoir, transmission patterns and risk factors of hepatitis E in the human population. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological and viral genotype characteristics of hepatitis E cases in northern China.

Phase shift extraction algorithm based on Euclidean matrix norm.

In this Letter, the character of Euclidean matrix norm (EMN) of the intensity difference between phase-shifting interferograms, which changes in sinusoidal form with the phase shifts, is presented. Based on this character, an EMN phase shift extraction algorithm is proposed. Both the simulation calculation and experimental research show that the phase shifts with high precision can be determined with the proposed EMN algorithm easily.

Massilia lurida sp. nov., isolated from soil.

A bacterial isolate, designated strain D5(T), was isolated from a soil sample collected from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, and subjected to a taxonomic investigation using a polyphasic approach. Strain D5(T) was aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped and motile. Strain D5(T) fell within the evolutionary radius of the genus Massilia in the phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and was most closely related to Massilia plicata 76(T) with 97.

Mycobacterium litorale sp. nov., a rapidly growing mycobacterium from soil.

A gram-positive, acid-fast and rapidly growing rod, designated F4(T), was isolated from a soil sample of Haikou in China. The isolate shared 98.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Mycobacterium monacense B9-21-178(T), 96.