Weakening Solvent-Solute Interactions for High-Efficiency Screen-Printed Perovskite Solar Cells.

Screen printing has emerged as a leading candidate for industrial-scale fabrication of perovskite photovoltaics. However, strong solvent-solute interaction in conventional formulations accelerates the preferential crystallization of perovskites at points, hindering the progressive phase evolution from point to line to plane. In this work, we introduced halogen ions to weaken solvent-solute interactions, achieving the reduced Pb⋅⋅⋅O coordination strength counterbalanced by enhanced Pb-I bonding interactions.

Robust Fully Screen-Printed Perovskite Solar Cells Based on Synergistic Ostwald Ripening.

Fully screen-printed process for low-cost manufacturing significantly enhances the commercial competitiveness of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the controllable crystallization in screen-printed perovskite thin films using high-viscosity ionic liquids has been suggested to be difficult, which hampers further development of fully screen-printed perovskite devices in terms of application expansion and performance improvement. Here, we report a synergistic ripening strategy to fully control crystallization by employing methylamine propionate (MAPa) ionic liquid and water (HO, moisture in the air).

Tailoring Biopolymers for Electronic Skins: Materials Design and Applications.

The past few years have witnessed the rapid exploration of natural and synthetic materials to construct electronic skins (e-skins) to emulate the multisensory functions of human skins driven by promising applications. Among various materials employed in functional e-skins, biopolymers are particularly notable for their exceptional biocompatibility and abundant resources. Despite remarkable progress in engineering biopolymeric materials, a timely and holistic review focusing on the design, synthesis, and modification of biopolymers tailored for biopolymers-derived e-skins (Bp-E-Skins) is lacking.

Regulating the Grain-Growth Surface for Efficient Near-Infrared Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes.

Metal halide perovskites hold great potential for next-generation light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs). Despite significant progress, achieving high-performance PeLEDs hinges on optimizing the interface between the perovskite crystal film and the charge transport layers, especially the buried interface, which serves as the starting point for perovskite growth. Here, we develop a bottom-up perovskite film modulation strategy using formamidine acetate (FAAc) to enhance the buried interface.

Molecule Anchoring Strategy Promotes Vertically Homogeneous Crystallization and Aligned Interfaces for Efficient Pb-Sn Perovskite Solar Cells and Tandem Device.

Narrow-bandgap (NBG) Pb-Sn perovskites are ideal candidates as rear subcell in all-perovskite tandem solar cells. Because Pb-Sn perovskites contain multiple components, the rational regulation of vertical structure and both interfaces of the film is primarily crucial to achieve high-performing NBG perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a molecule anchoring strategy is developed to in situ construct CsMAFAPbSnI perovskite film with vertically aligned crystals and optimized interfaces.

Ultrastrong, flexible thermogalvanic armor with a Carnot-relative efficiency over 8.

Body heat, a clean and ubiquitous energy source, is promising as a renewable resource to supply wearable electronics. Emerging tough thermogalvanic device could be a sustainable platform to convert body heat energy into electricity for powering wearable electronics if its Carnot-relative efficiency (η) reaches ~5%. However, maximizing both the η and mechanical strength of the device are mutually exclusive.

Surface Nanostructures Promote Droplet Splash on Hot Substrates.

Splash, one of the most visually apparent droplet dynamics, can manifest on any surface above a certain impact velocity, regardless of surface wettability. Previous studies demonstrate that elevating the substrate temperature can suppress droplet splash, which is unfavorable for many practical applications, such as spray cooling and combustion. Here, we report that the suppression effect of substrate temperature on splash is nullified by utilizing surfaces with nanostructures.

Phase-Pure α-FAPbI Perovskite Solar Cells via Activating Lead-Iodine Frameworks.

Narrow bandgap cubic formamidine perovskite (α-FAPbI) is widely studied for its potential to achieve record‑breaking efficiency. However, its high preparation difficulty caused by lattice instability is criticized. A popular strategy for stabilizing the α-FAPbI lattice is to replace intrinsic FA or I with smaller ions of MA, Cs, Rb, and Br, whereas this generally leads to broadened optical bandgap and phase separation.

Glyceollins from soybean: Their pharmacological effects and biosynthetic pathways.

Flavonoids are a highly abundant class of secondary metabolites present in plants. Isoflavonoids, in particular, are primarily synthesized in leguminous plants within the subfamily Papilionoideae. Numerous reports have established the favorable role of isoflavonoids in preventing a range of human diseases.

Screen-Printing Technology for Scale Manufacturing of Perovskite Solar Cells.

As a key contender in the field of photovoltaics, third-generation thin-film perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained significant research and investment interest due to their superior power conversion efficiency (PCE) and great potential for large-scale production. For commercialization consideration, low-cost and scalable fabrication is of primary importance for PSCs, and the development of the applicable film-forming techniques that meet the above requirements plays a key role. Currently, large-area perovskite films are mainly produced by printing techniques, such as slot-die coating, inkjet printing, blade coating, and screen-printing.

Efficient and Stable β-CsPbI Solar Cells through Solvent Engineering with Methylamine Acetate Ionic Liquid.

CsPbI, an all-inorganic perovskite material with suitable band gap and excellent thermal stability, has garnered significant attention for its potential in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, CsPbI is susceptible to phase changes from photoactive to photoinactive in humid environments. Hence, it is crucial to achieve controllable growth of CsPbI perovskite thin films with the desired β-crystal phase and compact morphology for efficient and stable PSCs.

Aerodynamic Super-Repellent Surfaces.

Repelling liquid drops from engineering surfaces has attracted great attention in a variety of applications. To achieve efficient liquid shedding, delicate surface textures are often introduced to sustain air pockets at the liquid-solid interface. However, those surfaces are prone to suffer from mechanical failure, which may bring reliability issues and thus limits their applications.

Same-sex Pairs Retain Their Reproductive Capacity as a Potential Opportunity for Individual Reproductive Success in Termites.

In eusocial termites, successful pairing is an essential element of dispersal and distribution after the departure of alates from natal colonies. Two situations could arise during the pairing process: mixed-sex pairs and same-sex pairs. However, most previous studies focused on mixed-sex pairs, overlooking groups formed by same-sex pairings, especially potential fecundity (the total number of oocytes or ovarioles), oogenesis and the development stage of oocytes of females in female-female pairs, and spermatogenesis and testis development of males in male-male pairs.

Association Between ABCA1 R219K Variant and Alzheimer's Disease: An Updated Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

Background: Over a dozen studies have investigated the effect of the R219K variant in the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) gene on the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the results are conflicting.

Objective: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to comprehensively assess the association between the ABCA1 R219K variant and the risk of AD.

Methods: Studies included in the meta-analysis were obtained by searching PubMed, Web of Science and AlzGene.

Application of Microfluidic Chips in the Detection of Airborne Microorganisms.

The spread of microorganisms in the air, especially pathogenic microorganisms, seriously affects people's normal life. Therefore, the analysis and detection of airborne microorganisms is of great importance in environmental detection, disease prevention and biosafety. As an emerging technology with the advantages of integration, miniaturization and high efficiency, microfluidic chips are widely used in the detection of microorganisms in the environment, bringing development vitality to the detection of airborne microorganisms, and they have become a research highlight in the prevention and control of infectious diseases.

Solid-Liquid-Vapor Triphase Gel.

Gels are soft functional materials with solid networks and open pores filled with solvents (for wet gels) or air (for aerogels), displaying broad applications in tissue engineering, catalysis, environmental remediation, energy storage, . However, currently known gels feature only a single (either solid-liquid or solid-vapor) interface, largely limiting their application territories. Therefore, it is both fundamentally intriguing and practically significant to develop conceptually new gel materials that possess solid-liquid-vapor multiple interfaces.

The complete chloroplast genome of , an herbal species of Verbenaceae family.

is one kind of traditional medical herb which has potential for multiple diseases' treatment. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome sequence of was assembled. Its complete circular chloroplast DNA length was 153,491 bp.

Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Steud. (Lamiaceae).

Steud. is one kind of traditional medical herb which can be used for airway hyperreactivity treatment. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome sequence of was assembled.

Silica Aerogels with Self-Reinforced Microstructure for Bioinspired Hydrogels.

Aerogel is a kind of high-performance lightweight open-porous solids with ultralow density, high specific surface area, and broad application in many emerging fields including biotechnology, energy, environment, aerospace, etc. A giant challenge remains in preventing of the hydrophilic aerogel framework shrinkage when replacing of solvent with air in its extremely abundant nanosized pores during its fabrication process in ambient conditions. In this work, started from a linear polymeric precursor with further condensation reaction, superhydrophilic silica aerogels with self-reinforced microstructure and the least volume shrinkage have been successfully obtained via ambient pressure drying process without use of any additives in the presence of a low surface tension solvent.

Genome and transcriptome sequencing of a newly isolated 2,4-dinitrophenol-degrading strain Rhodococcus imtechensis XM24D.

Background: 2,4-Dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) is an important organic environmental pollutant that is highly toxic to all forms of living organisms. A gram-positive strain (designated XM24D) was isolated from 2,4-DNP-contaminated soil by an enrichment technique.

Objective: The study was designed to analyze the ability of XM24D to degrade 2,4-DNP and its analogs and to reveal the degradation pathways of these aromatic compounds.

The complete chloroplast genome of (Benth.) Briq., a traditional Chinese herb.

(Benth.) Briq. is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb.

All-in-One Deposition to Synergistically Manipulate Perovskite Growth for High-Performance Solar Cell.

Nonradiative recombination losses originating from crystallographic distortions and issues occurring upon interface formation are detrimental for the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells. Herein, we incorporated a series of carbamide molecules (urea, biuret, or triuret) consisting of both Lewis base (-NH) and Lewis acid (-C=O) groups into the perovskite precursor to simultaneously eliminate the bulk and interface defects. Depending on the different coordination ability with perovskite component, the incorporated molecules can either modify crystallization dynamics allowing for large crystal growth at low temperature (60°C), associate with antisite or undercoordinated ions for defect passivation, or accumulate at the surface as an energy cascade layer to enhance charge transfer, respectively.

RNA-seq analysis provides insights into cold stress responses of Xanthomonas citri pv. citri.

Background: Xanthomonas citri pv. citri (Xcc) is a citrus canker causing Gram-negative bacteria. Currently, little is known about the biological and molecular responses of Xcc to low temperatures.

Agrobacteria reprogram virulence gene expression by controlled release of host-conjugated signals.

It is highly intriguing how bacterial pathogens can quickly shut down energy-costly infection machinery once successful infection is established. This study depicts that mutation of repressor SghR increases the expression of hydrolase SghA in , which releases plant defense signal salicylic acid (SA) from its storage form SA β-glucoside (SAG). Addition of SA substantially reduces gene expression of bacterial virulence.