Predictors of Intra-Operative and Post-Operative Pain Associated with Routine Dental Procedures in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Understanding predictors of pain associated with paediatric dental procedures could play an important role in preventing loss of cooperation, which often leads to the procedure having to be performed under general anaesthesia. We aimed to identify predictors of intra-operative and post-operative pain associated with routine dental procedures in children. A systematic review of observational studies was performed using electronic searches on MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Global Health via OVID, PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO.

A single-centre investigator-blinded randomised parallel-group study protocol to investigate the influence of an acclimatisation appointment on children's behaviour during NO/O sedation as measured by psychological, behavioural and real-time physiological parameters.

Aims And Objectives: To describe a study protocol of a randomised control trial (RCT) assessing the effectiveness, in reducing dental anxiety, of an acclimatising nitrous oxide sedation (NO) session prior to actual dental treatment with NO.

Materials And Methods: A single-centre investigator-blinded parallel-group RCT conducted in a postgraduate dental hospital in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE). Anxious children requiring NO (aged 5-15 years) will be randomly assigned to; a study group: children who will have a preparatory NO trial experience or; a control group: children who will only have NO explained to them.

Anaesthetic efficacy of articaine versus lidocaine in children's dentistry: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Over the last few years, numerous reviews and studies have awarded articaine hydrochloride local anaesthetic (LA) a superior reputation, with outcomes of different studies demonstrating a general tendency for articaine hydrochloride to outperform lidocaine hydrochloride for dental treatment. Nevertheless, there seems to be no clear agreement on which LA solution is more efficacious in dental treatment for children. There is no previous publication systematically reviewing and summarising the current best evidence with respect to the success rates of LA solutions in children.

Anaesthetic efficacy of 4% articaine and 2% lidocaine for extraction and pulpotomy of mandibular primary molars: an equivalence parallel prospective randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To compare the anaesthetic efficacy for pain and behaviour during treatment with mandibular infiltration using 4% articaine (BI) with inferior dental nerve clock (IDNB) using 2% lidocaine for extraction or pulp therapy in mandibular primary molars.

Design: This was equivalence parallel prospective RCT. A total of 98 children aged 5-9 years old were randomly assigned into two groups: BI supplemented by buccal intrapapillary infiltration with 4% articaine; IDNB with 2% lidocaine supplemented with long buccal infiltration.

The effects of smoothies on enamel erosion: an in situ study.

Objectives: To measure, in vitro, the pH and titratable acidity (TA) of various soft drinks and to assess the erosive effect of smoothies using an in situ model.

Method: The in vitro phase of this study included measuring the inherent pH of six different commercially available smoothies, diet coke, and citric acid 0.3% (positive control) using a pH meter.

Repeat general anaesthesia, a 6-year follow up.

Objective: To investigate the number of children who subsequently required further dental general anaesthesia (DGA) following the baseline DGA for exodontia in 1997 over the next 6 year period, and identify any common factors related to these repeat DGAs.

Design: A retrospective longitudinal analysis.

Materials And Methods: Records from a UK teaching hospital for patients who had extractions under DGA within the calendar year of 1997 were identified and analysed.

A clinical evaluation of mineral trioxide aggregate for root-end closure of non-vital immature permanent incisors in children-a pilot study.

The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as an apexification material when used in non-vital immature permanent incisors in children. Fifteen children with a mean age of 11.7 years and 17 non-vital permanent incisors were ajudged suitable for inclusion.

Early childhood caries--a review.

Unlabelled: Early childhood caries (ECC) is rampant caries of the primary dentition of infants and toddlers. It represents a serious problem in dentistry as it progresses rapidly and affects young children. There is a need to identify risk factors for ECC so that targeted, cost-effective interventions can be designed.

Development of acute Henoch-Schönlein purpura subsequent to endodontic treatment.

Background: Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is an inflammatory disorder of unknown origin that is characterized by IgA-dominant immune complexes in smaller blood vessels. It results in a triad of symptoms, including a purpuric rash on the lower extremities, abdominal pain or renal involvement, and arthritis. Any of the triad may be absent, however, which often leads to confusion in diagnosing the condition.

Paediatric dentistry in the new millennium: 6. Dental anomalies in children.

Developmental defects of the human dentition are not uncommon and can adversely affect the physical and psychological health of children. This paper reviews briefly the most common dental defects that can occur during childhood and discusses in more detail defects of enamel and dentine. Guidelines are provided for clinicians to identify children who deviate from normal dental development in order to provide appropriate interventions or make appropriate referrals.

Paediatric dentistry in the new millennium: 5. Clinical prevention: the role of the general dental practitioner.

Prevention of caries underpins all dental care provided to children. This paper reviews the scientific basis of current techniques for dental prevention. It provides guidelines for the identification of children who are at high and low risk and considers the most appropriate preventive strategies for these children.

Paediatric dentistry in the new millennium: 3. Use of inhalation sedation in paediatric dentistry.

Provision of General Anaesthesia is now limited and restricted to the hospital setting. Sedation for paediatric patients is an essential tool in anxiety management and is used as an adjunct to behaviour management. Inhalation sedation with nitrous oxide/oxygen sedation to reach a plane of relative analgesia may be administered easily and safely to children in general dental practice and is a potential alternative to general anaesthesia.

Paediatric dentistry in the new millennium: 2. Behaviour management--helping children to accept dentistry.

Children's dentistry can be a challenge for both the patient and the dentist. The way a dentist interacts with the child patient will have a major influence on the success of any clinical or preventive care. In order to deliver high-quality dentistry to a child whilst also developing a positive attitude towards dental health, the dentist should have a good understanding of the factors that might affect the behaviour of children in the dental setting.