Allergen challenge in allergic rhinitis rapidly induces increased peripheral blood type 2 innate lymphoid cells that express CD84.

Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) produce high levels of Th2 cytokines. Our study demonstrates that cat allergen challenge in allergic rhinitis subjects rapidly induces increased peripheral blood ILC2.

Safe administration of the seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine to children with severe egg allergy.

Background: Anaphylaxis to egg or severe egg allergy has been considered a contraindication to receiving trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (TIV).

Objective: To evaluate the safety of TIV among severely egg allergic children.

Methods: A 2-phase, multicenter study at 7 sites was conducted between October 2010 and March 2012.

STAT6 regulates natural helper cell proliferation during lung inflammation initiated by Alternaria.

Asthma exacerbations can be caused by a number of factors, including the fungal allergen Alternaria, which is specifically associated with severe and near-fatal attacks. The mechanisms that trigger lung responses are unclear and might vary between allergens. A comparison between Alternaria, Aspergillus, Candida, and house dust mite, all allergens in humans, showed that only Alternaria promoted immediate innate airway eosinophilia within 12 h of inhalation in nonsensitized mice.

Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease: burden of disease.

Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is characterized by adult onset of asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), nasal polyposis, and aspirin sensitivity. In this syndrome, each disease component has deleterious effects on the patient's health and quality of life. Latest figures from the Centers for Disease Control indicate 8.

Aspirin-sensitive asthma and upper airway diseases.

Background: Aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) consists of nasal polyposis, rhinosinusitis, asthma, and aspirin (ASA) sensitivity.

Objective: This article details how to diagnose and treat AERD and describes the procedures associated with ASA challenge and desensitization, benefits associated with ASA desensitization, and appropriate doses for treatment.

Methods: Criteria for diagnosis of AERD as well as desensitization protocols for oral ASA challenge and combined intranasal ketorolac and oral ASA challenge, are detailed in this article based on literature review.

Smoking, environmental tobacco smoke, and aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease.

Background: Tobacco smoke is a widely recognized environmental pollutant and is a major public health hazard worldwide. Although environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has a clear link with many conditions, including asthma, ear infections, and sinus cancer, evidence related to aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) requires further investigation.

Objective: To investigate whether active smoke or ETS exposures are associated with an increased risk of developing AERD.