Effect of ventilation modalities on the early prognosis of patients with poststroke sleep apnea.

Objective: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the primary modality for treating sleep apnea after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, not all patients are well adherent to CPAP. Finding an alternative modality of ventilation to CPAP is essential.

A risk-predictive model for obstructive sleep apnea in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) is increasingly reported in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Our research aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with overlap syndrome (OS) and develop a nomogram for predicting OSA in patients with COPD.

Methods: We retroactively collected data on 330 patients with COPD treated at Wuhan Union Hospital (Wuhan, China) from March 2017 to March 2022.

A trial of arbidol hydrochloride in adults with COVID-19.

Background: To date, there is no effective medicine to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and the antiviral efficacy of arbidol in the treatment for COVID-19 remained equivocal and controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of arbidol tablets in the treatment of COVID-19.

Methods: This was a prospective, open-label, controlled and multicenter investigator-initiated trial involving adult patients with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Pre-exposure to Aerosolized Polyvalent Bacterial Lysates Protects Against Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic fibrosing interstitial pneumonia of unknown cause. No therapeutic modalities can reverse or stop its ever-deteriorating course. The stimulation of lung innate immunity using bacterial lysates was found to protect against lethal pulmonary infection.

Development and validation of a nomogram model for early postoperative hyperlactatemia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Background: Postoperative hyperlactatemia (POHL) is common in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, associated with adverse outcomes. The aim of this study was to identify predictors for POHL after cardiac surgery and to develop and validate a predictive model.

Methods: Adult patients who underwent open heart surgery at our institution between 2016 and 2019 were retrospectively included.

Risk factors and in-hospital mortality of postoperative hyperlactatemia in patients after acute type A aortic dissection surgery.

Background: Hyperlactatemia may be caused by increased production due to tissue hypoxia or non-hypoxia. The aim of this study was first to identify risk factors for postoperative hyperlactatemia (POHL) after Stanford type A acute aortic dissection surgery (AADS) and construct a predictive model, and second to evaluate the impact of POHL on prognosis.

Methods: This retrospective study involved patients undergoing AADS from January 2016 to December 2019 in Wuhan Union Hospital.

Impacts of anti-inflammatory phosphodiesterase inhibitors on a murine model of chronic pulmonary inflammation.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often tends to respond poorly to glucocorticoid (GC) therapy. Reduced Histone deacetylase-2 (HDAC-2) activity is an important mechanism behind this GC insensitivity. In this study, we investigated the effects of three phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDEIs), with an anti-inflammatory propensity, on cigarette smoke (CS)-induced pulmonary inflammation and HDAC-2 activity.

One-year mortality and consequences of COVID-19 in cancer patients: A cohort study.

The 1-year mortality and health consequences of COVID-19 in cancer patients are relatively underexplored. In this multicenter cohort study, 166 COVID-19 patients with cancer were compared with 498 non-cancer COVID-19 patients and 498 non-COVID cancer patients. The 1-year all-cause mortality and hospital mortality rates in Cancer COVID-19 Cohort (30% and 20%) were significantly higher than those in COVID-19 Cohort (9% and 8%, both P < .

Evaluating the performance of five scoring systems for prescreening obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome.

Purpose: A comparison of all scoring systems used for screening for obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is lacking. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the performance of five scoring systems for screening for OSAHS, as well as to validate the use of the NoSAS and SACS in the Chinese population.

Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from hospital-based, manned, overnight sleep monitoring studies for 105 consecutive outpatients using a portable monitor (PM) device.

Coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and Other Respiratory Pathogens.

Purpose: To differentiate between respiratory infections caused by SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens during the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, we simultaneously tested for SARS-CoV-2 and pathogens associated with CAP to determine the incidence and impact of respiratory coinfections in COVID-19 patients.

Patients And Methods: We included 250 patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19. RT-PCR was used to detect influenza A, influenza B and respiratory syncytial viruses.

Potential of Arbidol for Post-exposure Prophylaxis of COVID-19 Transmission: A Preliminary Report of a Retrospective Cohort Study.

The efficient transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome-2 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) from patients to health care workers or family members has been a worrisome and prominent feature of the ongoing outbreak. On the basis of clinical practice and in-vitro studies, we postulated that post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) using Arbidol is associated with decreased infection among individuals exposed to confirmed cases of COVID-19 infection. We conducted a retrospective cohort study on family members and health care workers who were exposed to patients confirmed to have SARS-CoV-2 infection by real-time RT-PCR and chest computed tomography (CT) from January 1 to January 16, 2020.

More awareness is needed for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2019 transmission through exhaled air during non-invasive respiratory support: experience from China.

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Spreading of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli ST131 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 in patients with pneumonia: a molecular epidemiological study.

Background: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) are the important pathogens causing pneumonia.

Efficacy of patients' preferred exercise modalities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A parallel-group, randomized, clinical trial.

Introduction: Physical exercise effectively improves health-related quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, application of this medical intervention is problematic, due to poor adherence to the exercise program or unawareness of the significance of this intervention.

Objective: To determine whether COPD patients who adopted personal-preferred exercise modalities (PPEMs) for daily training would demonstrate sustained benefits due to improved adherence.

Different profiles of notch signaling in cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary emphysema and bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Objective: Different profiles of Notch signaling mediate naive T cell differentiation which might be involved in pulmonary emphysema and fibrosis.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were randomized into cigarette smoke (CS) exposure, bleomycin (BLM) exposure, and two separate groups of control for sham exposure to CS or BLM. The paratracheal lymph nodes of the animals were analyzed by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry.

Pentoxifylline attenuates cigarette smoke-induced overexpression of CXCR3 and IP-10 in mice.

Background: Cigarette smoke-induced emphysema is associated with overexpression of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 and its ligands. Previously, we have demonstrated that pentoxifylline (PTX) alleviated cigarette smoke-induced emphysema. The aim of this study was to determine if the overexpression of CXCR3 and its ligand interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) that was elicited by smoke exposure were attenuated by PTX.

Effects of pentoxifylline on Wnt/β-catenin signaling in mice chronically exposed to cigarette smoke.

Background: Previous discovery that long-term administration of pentoxifylline (PTX) to mice chronically exposed to smoke led to the development of pulmonary fibrosis rather than emphysema initiated our curiosity on whether the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, a set of signaling proteins essential to organ development and lung morphogenesis in particular were activated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.

Methods: Male BALB/c mice were randomized into four study groups: Group Sm, smoke exposure and taken regular forage; Group PTX, no smoke but taken PTX-rich forage; Group Sm + PTX, smoke exposure and taken PTX-rich forage; Group control: shamed smoke exposure and taken regular forage. Animals were sacrificed at day 120.

[Relevance of sleep apnea-associated heart rate variability to morning blood pressure].

Objective: To explore the role of vagal nerve in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) associated hypertension.

Methods: A total of 104 patients were diagnosed OSAHS via polysomnography for at least 7 hours. Their blood pressures were measured before and after sleep.

Dynamic expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor in rat model of pulmonary emphysema induced by smoke exposure.

In order to explore the roles of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema, male Wistar rats were randomized into group A(1), group A(2.5) and group A(4), each with smoke exposure for 1 month, 2.5 months or 4 months, respectively.

Prophylactic anti-inflammation inhibits cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in guinea pigs.

In this study, the effect of prophylactic anti-inflammation on the development of smoke-induced emphysema was investigated. Young male guinea-pigs aged 1.5-2 months (weighing 198.

Long-term administration of angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitor improves the outcome of chronic heart failure in senile patients.

One hundred and sixteen senile patients (older than 65 years) with chronic heart failure (CHF) were analyzed retrospectively in order to verify if old patients with CHF would benefit from long-term (one year) angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) treatment. The frequency of drugs (including ACEI, digitalis and diuretic) used was stratified into four degrees accordingly. Development of the CHF was scored with regard to relapse rate and severity of this disease.