Transcriptomic Alterations in the Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex of Rats with Chronic Unpredictable Stress Induced by Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound.

In our previous study, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS), a novel noninvasive neuromodulation tool, effectively alleviated depression-like behaviors in a rat model of depression. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The present study aimed to elucidate the relevant mechanisms through transcriptomic research.

Saturable absorption properties and ultrafast photonics applications of HfS.

In this Letter, we focus on investigating the ultrafast photonics applications of two-layer HfS nanosheets. We prepared two-layer HfS nanosheets and carried out experiments to study their nonlinear saturable absorption properties. The results showed that the two-layer HfS-based saturable absorber exhibited a modulation depth of 16.

Engineered platelet-based immune engager for tumor post-surgery treatment.

Tumor metastasis and recurrence are principal reasons for the high mortality and poor prognosis of cancers. Inefficient engagement between T cell and tumor cell, as well as the universal existence of immune checkpoints, are important factors to the limited immunological surveillance of the immune systems to tumor cells. Herein, an immune engager based on engineered platelets with CD3 antibody modification (P-aCD3) was constructed to facilitate the contact between T cell and tumor cell via providing the anchoring sites of above two cells.

Immunogenic dead cells engineered by the sequential treatment of ultraviolet irradiation/cryo-shocking for lung-targeting delivery and tumor vaccination.

Chemoimmunotherapy is a promising strategy in tumor treatments. In this study, immunogenic dead cells were engineered by the sequential treatment of live tumor cells with ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and cryo-shocking. The dead cells could serve as a lung-targeting vehicle and tumor vaccine after differential loading of the chemo-drug 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) and immune adjuvant Quillaja saponin-21 (QS-21) physical absorption and chemical conjugation, respectively.

Immunosuppressive dead cell as lung-targeting vehicle and cytokine absorption material for cytokine storm attenuation of pneumonia.

Effectively controlling cytokine storm is important to reduce the mortality of severe pneumonia. In this work a bio-functional dead cell was engineered by one-time quick shock of live immune cells in liquid nitrogen, and the obtained immunosuppressive dead cell could server as both lung-targeting vehicle and cytokine absorption material. After loading the anti-inflammatory drugs of dexamethasone (DEX) and baicalin (BAI), the drug-loaded dead cell (DEX&BAI/Dead cell) could first passively target to the lung after intravenous administration and quickly release the drugs under high shearing stress of pulmonary capillaries, realizing drug enrichment in the lung.

Chromium oxide film for Q-switched and mode-locked pulse generation.

Chromium oxide (CrO) is a promising material used in the applications such as photoelectrochemical devices, photocatalysis, magnetic random access memory, and gas sensors. But, its nonlinear optical characteristics and applications in ultrafast optics have not been studied yet. This study prepares a microfiber decorated with a CrO film via magnetron sputtering deposition and examines its nonlinear optical characteristics.

Characteristics of the paravertebral muscle in adult degenerative scoliosis with PI-LL match or mismatch and risk factors for PI-LL mismatch.

Objective: Pelvic incidence (PI) minus the lumbar lordosis (LL) angle (PI-LL) correlates with function and disability. It is associated with paravertebral muscle (PVM) degeneration and is a valuable tool for surgical planning of adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS). This study aims to explore the characteristics of PVM in ADS with PI-LL match or mismatch and to identify the risk factors for PI-LL mismatch.

Transcutaneous electrical cranial-auricular acupoint stimulation versus escitalopram for mild-to-moderate depression: An assessor-blinded, randomized, non-inferiority trial.

Aim: Transcutaneous electrical cranial-auricular acupoint stimulation (TECAS) is a novel non-invasive therapy that stimulates acupoints innervated by the trigeminal and auricular vagus nerves. An assessor-blinded, randomized, non-inferiority trial was designed to compare the efficacy of TECAS and escitalopram in mild-to-moderate major depressive disorder.

Methods: 468 participants received two TECAS sessions per day at home (n = 233) or approximately 10-13 mg/day escitalopram (n = 235) for 8 weeks plus 4-week follow-up.

Rehabilitation training improves nerve injuries by affecting Notch1 and SYN.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of rehabilitation training on Notch1 and synaptophysin (SYN) levels in brain tissues of rats with chronic cerebral ischemia.

Methods: Eighty-one male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into nine groups: three Sham groups, three Model groups, and three training groups. There were nine rats in each group.

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound ameliorates depression-like behaviors in a rat model of chronic unpredictable stress.

Introduction: There is an unmet need for better nonpharmaceutical treatments for depression. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a novel type of neuromodulation that could be helpful for depressed patients.

Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility and potential mechanisms of LIPUS in the treatment of depression.

Stability and Sensing Enhancement by Nanocubic CeO with {100} Polar Facets on Graphene for NO at Room Temperature.

Metal oxides with a polar surface interact strongly with polar NO molecules, thus facilitating sensitive detection of NO. In this work, the composites comprising graphene and cubic CeO nanoparticles with the {100} polar surface are prepared by a hydrothermal technique, and they exhibit fast response, excellent selectivity, stable recovery, and sensitive detection with a low detection limitation of 1 ppm for NO at room temperature. According to the first-principle calculations, the adsorption energy of NO on the CeO{100} polar surface is the most negative corresponding to the strongest interactions between them.

Abnormal change of paravertebral muscle in adult degenerative scoliosis and its association with bony structural parameters.

Purpose: While many studies have explored the association between paravertebral muscle (PVM) change and low back pain/lumbar spinal stenosis, little is known about PVM change in adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS). The present study explored the PVM change in ADS and investigated its association with bony structural parameters.

Methods: We evaluated 78 patients in ADS without radiculopathy (ADS group) and 65 healthy persons without degenerative lumbar diseases (control group).