An outbreak of norovirus-related acute gastroenteritis associated with delivery food in Guangzhou, southern China.

Background: A large number of students at a school in Guangzhou city developed a sudden onset of symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting. To help control the outbreak, we conducted an epidemiological investigation to determine the causative agent, sources, role of transmission and risk factors of the infections.

Methods: The study population consisted of probable and confirmed cases.

[Sequence analysis of VP1 region of coxsackievirus A4 and coxsackievirus A10 in Guangzhou city, 2010-2012].

Objective: To identify the enterovirus from stool samples of patients with hand, foot and mouth disease(HFMD) in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2012 and to perform phylogenetic analysis of the VP1 gene sequences of coxsackievirus A4 and coxsackievirus A10.

Methods: A total of 5 484 samples of suspected cases of HFMD which Guangzhou Center for Disease Control received from 2010 to 2012 were collected.Virus RNA was tested by nested RT-PCR method as human enterovirus 71, coxsackievirus A16, coxsackievirus A4, coxsackievirus A10 and other enteroviruses positive, and 4 111 samples were positive.

Circulation of Coxsackievirus A6 in hand-foot-mouth disease in Guangzhou, 2010-2012.

Background: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is usually caused by Enterovirus 71(EV71), and Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) in Guangzhou, the biggest city of South China. However, Coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) were observed increased dramatically from 2010-2012.

Methods: In order to understand and to describe the epidemiologic and genetic characteristics of CV-A6, specimens of 5482 suspected HFMD cases were collected and examined by real-time fluorescence PCR.

[An investigation on a case of hand-foot-mouth disease caused by coxsackie-virus A6 associated with a vaccine-derived poliovirus co-infection].

Objective: To identify the pathogen and characteristics on a case of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) caused by coxsackie-virus A6 (CA6) associated with vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) co-infection.

Methods: Field epidemiological study at the epidemic area was conducted and 16 stool samples including from the patient and close contacts were collected for isolation and identification of the enterovirus (EV). 21 stool samples from patients diagnosed as HFMD were collected in the same hospital at the same month to detect CA16,EV71, CA6 and PV by real-time RT-PCR or RT-PCR.

[An epidemiological investigation on a food-born outbreak of noroviru caused by Sydney 2012 G II.4 strain].

Objective: To identify the source of infection, route of transmission and risk factors related to a cluster of acute gastroenteritis cases in a university of Guangzhou.

Methods: Cases were identified according to the definition. Descriptive epidemiological approaches and case-control study designs were employed in the analysis.

A two-year surveillance of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in Guangzhou, China: from pandemic to seasonal influenza?

In this two-years surveillance of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) in Guangzhou, China, we reported here that the scale and duration of pH1N1 outbreaks, severe disease and fatality rates of pH1N1 patients were significantly lower or shorter in the second epidemic year (May 2010-April 2011) than those in the first epidemic year (May 2009-April 2010) (P<0.05), but similar to those of seasonal influenza (P>0.05).

Factors affecting the long-term results of hypospadias repairs.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between the short- and long-term results of hypospadias repair and identify the factors that could affect the long-term results of hypospadias repair.

Materials And Methods: Between 1982 and 1988, 142 patients were operated for hypospadias and completed their treatment at Tongji Hospital (Wuhan, China). Their records were analyzed retrospectively, and a detailed questionnaire was mailed to them.

The treatment of high and intermediate anorectal malformations: one stage or three procedures?

Background/purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the safety, feasibility, and the long-term outcome of complete 1-stage repair of high and intermediate anorectal malformation using posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) in a neonate.

Methods: One hundred thirteen patients with high-type and intermediate-type anorectal malformations (ARM) underwent follow-up. Of 113 cases, 48 cases entailed a divided colostomy, definitive operation, and colostomy closure (group I); the other 65 patients underwent 1-stage PSARP (group II).