A piezoelectric-driven microneedle platform for skin disease therapy.

With over a million cases detected each year, skin disease is a global public health problem that diminishes the quality of life due to its difficulty to eradicate, propensity for recurrence, and potential for post-treatment scarring. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment with minimal invasiveness or scarring and few side effects, making it well tolerated by patients. However, this treatment requires further research and development to improve its effective clinical use.

A real-time augmented reality system integrated with artificial intelligence for skin tumor surgery: experimental study and case series.

Background: Skin tumors affect many people worldwide, and surgery is the first treatment choice. Achieving precise preoperative planning and navigation of intraoperative sampling remains a problem and is excessively reliant on the experience of surgeons, especially for Mohs surgery for malignant tumors.

Materials And Methods: To achieve precise preoperative planning and navigation of intraoperative sampling, we developed a real-time augmented reality (AR) surgical system integrated with artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance three functions: AI-assisted tumor boundary segmentation, surgical margin design, and navigation in intraoperative tissue sampling.

[Corrigendum] Downregulation of CD147 induces malignant melanoma cell apoptosis via the regulation of IGFBP2 expression.

Subsequently to the publication of the above article, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that the β‑actin bands shown for the western blots portrayed in Fig. 4A and E on p. 2403 appeared to be strikingly similar, albeit that the bands were inverted with respect to their orientation and the dimensions of the bands differed slightly.

Efficacy of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma after one year.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and safety of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation guided by ultrasound for treating papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.

Method: At our institution, fifty people who had been treated for micropapillary thyroid cancer with ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation were chosen. Thyroid function was evaluated after one month, and the volume of the ablation region was assessed immediately, 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment.

Se-Methylselenocysteine Alleviates Liver Injury in Diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Rat Model by Reducing Liver Enzymes, Inhibiting Angiogenesis, and Suppressing Nitric Oxide (NO)/Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) Signaling Pathway.

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma is the third leading cause of cancer-associated mortality. This study aimed to investigate the effects of se-methylselenocysteine (MSC) on oncogenesis of diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS A hepatocellular carcinoma rat model was established by administering DEN.

Keratinocyte-Immune Cell Crosstalk in a STAT1-Mediated Pathway: Novel Insights Into Rosacea Pathogenesis.

Rosacea is a common chronic inflammatory condition that mainly affects the central face. However, the molecular background of the normal central face and the transcriptional profiling and immune cell composition of rosacea lesions remain largely unknown. Here, we performed whole-skin and epidermal RNA-seq of central facial skin from healthy individuals, lesions and matched normal skin from rosacea patients.

A positive feedback loop between mTORC1 and cathelicidin promotes skin inflammation in rosacea.

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder whose pathogenesis is unclear. Here, several lines of evidence were provided to demonstrate that mTORC1 signaling is hyperactivated in the skin, especially in the epidermis, of both rosacea patients and a mouse model of rosacea-like skin inflammation. Both mTORC1 deletion in epithelium and inhibition by its specific inhibitors can block the development of rosacea-like skin inflammation in LL37-induced rosacea-like mouse model.

The application of physical pretreatment in photodynamic therapy for skin diseases.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is widely used in skin diseases; the response rate of PDT treatment varies widely. The limited penetration in the tissue of photosensitizers influenced the penetration depth of PDT, which obviously impacts the therapeutic effect. The studies have improved the efficacy of PDT through various pretreatment applications; especially, the physical pretreatment had achieved significant outcomes.

Modulatory Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicines on Energy Metabolism in Ischemic Heart Diseases.

Ischemic heart disease (IHD), a major global public health problem, is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although the very best of modern approaches have proven effective in reducing morbidity and mortality, the poor prognosis of patients with IHD remains a major clinical concern. Cardiac energy metabolism is increasingly recognized as having a role in the pathogenesis of IHD, inducing metabolic substrate alterations, mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired function of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and deprivation of cardiac energy.

SMAC mimetic birinapant inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma growth by activating the cIAP1/TRAF3 signaling pathway.

The present study investigated the effects and molecular mechanism of the second mitochondria‑derived activator of caspase (SMAC) mimetic birinapant on the proliferation and apoptotic rate of liver cancer cells. Western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression levels of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 1 (cIAP1) and tumor necrosis factor receptor‑associated factor 3 (TRAF3) in the liver cancer cell lines Huh7, H22 and HepG2, and the hepatocyte line AML12. Annexin V‑FITC and Transwell assays were used to assess the effect of birinapant pretreatment on the apoptotic rate and invasive ability of liver cancer cells.

LINC00205 modulates the expression of EPHX1 through the inhibition of miR-184 in hepatocellular carcinoma as a ceRNA.

Several studies have shown that low expression of epoxide hydrolase 1 (EPHX1) is closely associated with varying human cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aims to explore the potential mechanism of EPHX1 silencing and revealed a novel regulatory pathway in the pathogenesis of HCC. In this study, micro ribonucleic acid (miR)-184 was predicted and validated to be a regulator of EPHX1 through experiments, and its expression was negatively correlated with the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of EPHX1 in primary tumors.

Simple shaving combined with photodynamic therapy for refractory bowen disease.

Bowen Disease (BD), also known as squamous cell carcinoma in situ, requires treatment to prevent progression to invasive cancer.. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been widely employed to treat BD.

Downregulation of CD147 induces malignant melanoma cell apoptosis via the regulation of IGFBP2 expression.

Cluster of differentiation (CD)147, as a transmembrane glycoprotein, is highly expressed in a variety of tumors. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that CD147 serves critical roles in tumor cell death and survival; however, the underlying mechanism requires further investigation. In the present study, it was revealed that CD147 knockdown significantly increased melanoma cell apoptosis.

MicroRNA-27a-3p inhibits cell viability and migration through down-regulating DUSP16 in hepatocellular carcinoma.

MicroRNA (miRNA or miR) has been shown to play an important role in the initiation and development in many different cancers. Here, we demonstrated down-regulated expression of miR-27a-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues in comparison with that in adjacent normal liver tissues based on the TCGA database. Cells viability and apoptosis was measured by CCK-8 and flow cytometry assay.

Alpha-2-macroglobulin and heparin cofactor II and the vulnerability of carotid atherosclerotic plaques: An iTRAQ-based analysis.

Rupture of carotid atherosclerotic plaque may cause stroke, while few biomarker in clinic can evaluate carotid plaque vulnerability. In this study, we divided the recruited participants into no plaque, stable plaque, and vulnerable plaque group according to carotid ultrasonography, and screened the differentially expressed proteins in plasma of these participants using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation labeling coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. 28 proteins were identified differentially expressed, among which alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2M) and heparin cofactor II (HCII) were found to be at hub position in the interactions of these proteins by STRING analysis and were selected for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measurement to assess their relevance with carotid plaques vulnerability and diagnostic efficiency.

G protein-coupled estrogen receptor enhances melanogenesis via cAMP-protein kinase (PKA) by upregulating microphthalmia-related transcription factor-tyrosinase in melanoma.

Objective: This study investigated the role and mechanism of action of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in melanogenesis.

Methods: GPER expression was detected in the A375 human melanoma cell line and B16 mouse melanoma cell line. Cell proliferation, melanin content, tyrosinase (TYR) activity, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) level, and TYR and microphthalmia-related transcription factor (MITF) expression were measured.

Mitochondrial aerobic respiration is activated during hair follicle stem cell differentiation, and its dysfunction retards hair regeneration.

Background. Emerging research revealed the essential role of mitochondria in regulating stem/progenitor cell differentiation of neural progenitor cells, mesenchymal stem cells and other stem cells through reactive oxygen species (ROS), Notch or other signaling pathway. Inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis results in hair loss upon injury.

FOS-like antigen 1 is highly expressed in human psoriasis tissues and promotes the growth of HaCaT cells in vitro.

Psoriasis is a multifactorial disease and the mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis remain to be elucidated. FOS‑like antigen 1 (Fra‑1) is a proto‑oncogene. It is a negative inhibitor of activator protein‑1 activity and possesses transforming activity.

Spinal astrocytic activation contributes to mechanical allodynia in a rat chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain model.

Chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CNP) is the major dose-limiting factor in cancer chemotherapy. However, the neural mechanisms underlying CNP remain enigmatic. Accumulating evidence implicates the involvement of spinal glia in some neuropathic pain models.