Cotinine exposure enhances the association of blood manganese and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in American children: a cross-sectional study.

This cross-sectional survey aims to determine whether cotinine exposure would enhance the relationship between blood manganese (Mn) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children using the NHANES database. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) and logistic regression analyses were adopted to determine the potential relationship. Besides, we tested the robustness of the results by performing trend tests and subgroup analyses.

Exceptional Field Effect and Negative Differential Conductance in Spiro-Conjugated Single-Molecule Junctions.

The advancement of molecular electronics endeavors to build miniaturized electronic devices using molecules as the key building blocks by harnessing their internal structures and electronic orbitals. To date, linear planar conjugated or cross-conjugated molecules have been extensively employed in the fabrication of single-molecule devices, benefiting from their good conductivity and compatibility with electrode architectures. However, the development of multifunctional single-molecule devices, particularly those with unique charge transport properties, necessitates a more rigorous selection of molecular materials.

Flexible Crossbar Molecular Devices with Patterned EGaIn Top Electrodes for Integrated All-Molecule-Circuit Implementation.

Here, a unique crossbar architecture is designed and fabricated, incorporating vertically integrated self-assembled monolayers in electronic devices. This architecture is used to showcase 100 individual vertical molecular junctions on a single chip with a high yield of working junctions and high device uniformity. The study introduces a transfer approach for patterned liquid-metal eutectic alloy of gallium and indium top electrodes, enabling the creation of fully flexible molecular devices with electrical functionalities.

Effect of dietary antioxidant quality score on tobacco smoke exposure and asthma in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study from the NHANES database.

Background: Asthma is a common non-communicable disease in children, and airway inflammation is the main pathological change of asthma. Tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) can cause systematic inflammation and oxidative stress, which may further aggravate the progression of asthma. Dietary antioxidants can relieve the inflammation and oxidative stress in human body.

Inkjet Printing of High-Color-Purity Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Host-Free Inks.

Inkjet printing technology offers a unique approach to producing direct-patterned pixels without fine metal masks for active matrix displays. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) consisting of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters facilitate efficient light emission without heavy metals, such as platinum and iridium. Multi-resonance TADF molecules, characterized by their small full width at half maxima (FWHM), are highly suitable for the requirements of wide color-gamut displays.

Fabrication of multi-functional molecular tunnelling junctions by click chemistry.

Continuous advancement in molecular electronics demands increasing functionality and diversity of integrated molecular junctions; however, single-functional molecular junctions fail to meet these requirements. In this article, we propose the use of a widely applicable and efficient click reaction on the surface to modify self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) to achieve multifunctional molecular tunnelling junctions, current rectification and memristance, on a single chip. This approach has allowed us to meet the growing demand for versatility and functionality in molecular electronic devices.

Diluted PEDOT:PSS for high-performance organic light-emitting devices with thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters.

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is a widely used conductive polymer in organic light-emitting devices. However, its strong acidity and fluorescence quenching effect seriously affect the overall device performance. We report a cost-effective method to address the above concerns by diluting PEDOT:PSS with deionized water, which effectively reduced the film thickness and the acidity.

Extreme long-lifetime self-assembled monolayer for air-stable molecular junctions.

The molecular electronic devices based on self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on metal surfaces demonstrate novel electronic functions for device minimization yet are unable to realize in practical applications, due to their instability against oxidation of the sulfur-metal bond. This paper describes an alternative to the thiolate anchoring group to form stable SAMs on gold by selenides anchoring group. Because of the formation of strong selenium-gold bonds, these stable SAMs allow us to incorporate them in molecular tunnel junctions to yield extremely stable junctions for over 200 days.

High performance mechano-optoelectronic molecular switch.

Highly-efficient molecular photoswitching occurs ex-situ but not to-date inside electronic devices due to quenching of excited states by background interactions. Here we achieve fully reversible in-situ mechano-optoelectronic switching in self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of tetraphenylethylene molecules by bending their supporting electrodes to maximize aggregation-induced emission (AIE). We obtain stable, reversible switching across >1600 on/off cycles with large on/off ratio of (3.

Ionogel-Electrode for the Study of Protein Tunnel Junctions under Physiologically Relevant Conditions.

The study of charge transport through proteins is essential for understanding complicated electrochemical processes in biological activities while the reasons for the coexistence of tunneling and hopping phenomena in protein junctions still remain unclear. In this work, a flexible and conductive ionogel electrode is synthesized and is used as a top contact to form highly reproducible protein junctions. The junctions of proteins, including human serum albumin, cytochrome C and hemoglobin, show temperature-independent electron tunneling characteristics when the junctions are in solid states while with a different mechanism of temperature-dependent electron hopping when junctions are hydrated under physiologically relevant conditions.

Flavanthrene derivatives as photostable and efficient singlet exciton fission materials.

Singlet exciton fission (SF) is believed to have the potential to break the Shockley-Queisser limit for third-generation solar cell devices, so it has attracted great attention. Conventional linear acene based SF materials generally suffer from low triplet energy and poor photostability. We report herein two flavanthrene derivatives, EH-Fla and TIPS-Fla, as new photostable singlet exciton fission materials.

Joint Representation Learning and Keypoint Detection for Cross-View Geo-Localization.

In this paper, we study the cross-view geo-localization problem to match images from different viewpoints. The key motivation underpinning this task is to learn a discriminative viewpoint-invariant visual representation. Inspired by the human visual system for mining local patterns, we propose a new framework called RK-Net to jointly learn the discriminative Representation and detect salient Keypoints with a single Network.

Metal-Organic Frameworks for NO Adsorption and Their Applications in Separation, Sensing, Catalysis, and Biology.

Nitrogen oxide (NO ) is a family of poisonous and highly reactive gases formed when fuel is burned at high temperatures during anthropogenic behavior. It is a strong oxidizing agent that significantly contributes to the ozone and smog in the atmosphere. Thus, NO removal is important for the ecological environment upon which the civilization depends.

New carbon nitride close to CN with superior visible light absorption for highly efficient photocatalysis.

The rational design and construction of novel two-dimensional (2D) carbon nitrides (CNs) beyond g-CN is a hot topic in the fields of chemistry and materials. Inspired by the polymerisation of urea, we have prepared a series of novel C-C bridged heptazine CNs UO (where x is the ratio of urea to oxamide, x = 1, 1.5, 2, 2.

Heterogeneous photocatalytic performances of CO reduction based on the [Emim]BF + TEOA + HO system.

The photochemical reduction of CO was studied in a 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, triethanolamine and water ([Emim]BF + TEOA + HO) system under visible light irradiation. The integration of CdS and the Co-bpy complex, which acted as a photocatalyst and cocatalyst, respectively, was employed as an efficient catalytic system for the CO-to-CO conversion. The utilization of [Emim]BF and water took advantage of their green properties.

Improving the photocatalytic reduction of CO to CO for TiO hollow spheres through hybridization with a cobalt complex.

A chemical system with enhanced efficiency for electron generation and transfer was constructed by the integration of TiO hollow spheres with [Co(bipy)]. The introduction of [Co(bipy)] remarkably enhances the photocatalytic activity of pristine semiconductor photocatalysts for heterogeneous CO conversion, which is attributable to the acceleration of charge separation. Of particular interest is that the excellent photocatalytic activity of the heterogeneous catalysts can be utilised for a universal photocatalytic CO reduction system.

High-efficiency photocatalytic CO reduction in organic-aqueous system: a new insight into the role of water.

We have first identified a new promotional mechanism of water in the photocatalytic conversion of CO into CO, which is different from the traditional role of proton source. High efficiency (44.5 μmol h) achieved through construction of a binary liquid system was determined by systematic research.

Integration of [(Co(bpy)₃]²⁺ electron mediator with heterogeneous photocatalysts for CO₂ conversion.

An efficient chemical system for electron generation and transfer is constructed by the integration of an electron mediator ([Co(bpy)3](2+); bpy=2,2'-bipyridine) with semiconductor photocatalysts. The introduction of [Co(bpy)3](2+) remarkably enhances the photocatalytic activity of pristine semiconductor photocatalysts for heterogeneous CO2 conversion; this is attributable to the acceleration of charge separation. Of particular interest is that the excellent photocatalytic activity of heterogeneous catalysts can be developed as a universal photocatalytic CO2 reduction system.

Semiconductor-redox catalysis promoted by metal-organic frameworks for CO2 reduction.

A noble-metal-free system for photochemical reduction of CO2 has been developed by integrating graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) with a cobalt-containing zeolitic imidazolate framework (Co-ZIF-9). g-C3N4 acts as a semiconductor photocatalyst, whereas Co-ZIF-9 is a cocatalyst that facilitates the capture/concentration of CO2 and promotes light-induced charge separation. The two materials cooperate efficiently to catalyze CO2-to-CO conversion upon visible light illumination under mild reaction conditions.

Cobalt imidazolate metal-organic frameworks photosplit CO(2) under mild reaction conditions.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown great promise for CO2 capture and storage. However, the operation of chemical redox functions of framework substances and organic CO2 -trapping entities which are spatially linked together to catalyze CO2 conversion has had much less attention. Reported herein is a cobalt-containing zeolitic imidazolate framework (Co-ZIF-9) which serves as a robust MOF cocatalyst to reduce CO2 by cooperating with a ruthenium-based photosensitizer.